<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2020-19-3-78-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-1490</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>АССОЦИАЦИЯ СОЧЕТАНИЯ АБЕРРАЦИЙ ЧИСЛА КОПИЙ ГЕНОВ WNT-СИГНАЛИНГА И АМПЛИФИКАЦИЙ ГЕНОВ СТВОЛОВОСТИ В ОПУХОЛИ МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ С МЕТАСТАЗИРОВАНИЕМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ASSOCIATION OF THE COMBINATION OF STEMNESS GENE AMPLIFICATIONS AND COPY NUMBER ABERRATIONS OF WNT-SIGNALING GENES IN BREAST TUMORS WITH METASTASIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0714-8927</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвяков</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litviakov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией онковирусологии,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5,</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc, Head of Laboratory of Viral Oncology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny Street, 634050-Tomsk,</p><p>36, Lenin Ave., 634050-Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nvlitv72@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8815-2786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимова</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimova</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории онковирусологии,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Oncology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny Street, 634050-Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7419-4512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyganov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории онковирусологии,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Oncology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny Street, 634050-Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-3371</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дерюшева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deriusheva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории онковирусологии,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Oncology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny Street, 634050-Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9657-9058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Певзнер</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pevsner</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь лаборатории онковирусологии,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Oncology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny Street, 634050-Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2917-8158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарбуков</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garbukov</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения общей онкологии,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of General Oncology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny Street, 634050-Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8846-9636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорошенко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doroshenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отделения общей онкологии,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Researcher, Department of General Oncology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny Street, 634050-Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4382-5697</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слонимская</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slonimskaya</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор,</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc, Professor,</p><p>13B, Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg-199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук;&#13;
Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
National Research Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Литвяков Н.В., Ибрагимова М.К., Цыганов М.М., Дерюшева И.В., Певзнер А.М., Гарбуков Е.Ю., Дорошенко А.В., Слонимская Е.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Литвяков Н.В., Ибрагимова М.К., Цыганов М.М., Дерюшева И.В., Певзнер А.М., Гарбуков Е.Ю., Дорошенко А.В., Слонимская Е.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Litviakov N.V., Ibragimova M.K., Tsyganov M.M., Deriusheva I.V., Pevsner A.M., Garbukov E.Y., Doroshenko A.V., Slonimskaya E.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/1490">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/1490</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучена ассоциация с гематогенным метастазированием наличия 2 и более амплификаций генов стволовости и CNA (Copy Number Aberration) локусов генов WNT-сигнального пути в остаточной резидуальной опухоли молочной железы. Идентифицированы гены WNT-pathway, ассоциированные с метастазированием.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 30 больных раком молочной железы, в резидуальной опухоли которых после неоадъювантной химиотерапии были 2 и более амплификации генов стволовости. У 15 из 30 больных развились гематогенные метастазы, они составили группу с метастазами, во вторую группу без метастазов вошли остальные 15 пациентов. ДНК опухоли была исследована при помощи микроматрицы CytoScanHD Array (Affymetrix, USA).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Путем вычитания частот амплификаций и делеций по 852 цитобендам между группами с метастазами и без метастазов был установлен 21 цитобенд с наибольшей разницей частот делеций и амплификаций. В них находятся 19 из 150 генов WNT (14 активаторов: SKP1, WNT8A, MAPK9, CCND3, FZD9, WNT8B, CCND1, PLCB2, PRKCB, FZD2, WNT3, WNT9B и 7 негативных регуляторов: GSK3B, APC, CSNK2B, SFRP5, BTRC, TCF7L2, CSNK2A2). Была разработана балльная система, при амплификации активаторов WNT-сигналинга или делеции негативных регуляторов к общей сумме баллов прибавлялся один балл, и, наоборот, при делеции активаторов WNT-сигналинга или амплификации негативных регуляторов от общей суммы отнимался один балл. Показано, что 93 % (14/15) больных с метастазами имеют суммарный балл больше 0, в то время как 93 % (14/15) больных без метастазов имеют суммарный балл, равный нулю или меньше нуля. Различия между группами статистически значимы по двустороннему критерию Фишера с высоким уровнем доверительной вероятности (р=0,000003) и по лог-ранговому тесту (р=0,00004) при оценке безметастатической выживаемости по методу Каплана – Майера.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Были идентифицированы 19 генов WNT-сигналинга, CNA которых в резидуальной опухоли, совместно с амплификациями генов стволовости ассоциированы с метастазированием и могут использоваться в качестве прогностического фактора. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We studied the association between the presence of 2 or more stemness gene amplifications as well as copy number aberrations (CNAs) of WNT signaling genes in residual breast tumor and metastasis. WNT pathway genes associated with metastasis were identified.</p><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The study included 30 patients with breast cancer, who had 2 or more stemness gene amplifications in the residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Fifteen of the thirty patients developed hematogenous metastases; they constituted a group with metastases, the remaining 15 patients entered the second group without metastases. The tumor DNA was examined using a CytoScanHD Array microarray (Affymetrix, USA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. By subtracting amplification and deletion frequencies in 852 cytobands between groups with metastases and without metastases, 21 cytobands were identified with the largest difference in deletion and amplification frequencies. They contain 19/150 of WNT genes (12 activators: SKP1, WNT8A, MAPK9, CCND3, FZD9, WNT8B, CCND1, PLCB2, PRKCB, FZD2, WNT3, WNT9B and 7 negative regulators: GSK3B, APC, CSNK2B, SFRP5, BTRC, TCF7L2, CSNK2A2). A point system was developed: when amplifying WNT-signaling activators or deletion of negative regulators, one point was added to the total score, and vice versa when deleting WNT-signaling activators or amplification of negative regulators, one point was taken from the total amount. It was shown that 93% (14/15) of patients with metastases had a total score higher than 0, while 93% (14/15) of patients without metastases had a total score of zero or less than zero. The differences between the groups were statistically significant according to the two-sided Fisher test with a high level of confidence probability (p=0.000003) and the log-rank test (p=0.00004) when assessing non-metastatic survival by the Kaplan-Mayer method.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Nineteen WNT signaling genes were identified. Copy number aberrations of these genes in combination with stemness gene amplifications in residual tumors were associated with metastasis. A new highly effective prognostic factor for breast cancer was identified. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>WNT-сигналинг</kwd><kwd>метастазирование</kwd><kwd>аберрация числа копий</kwd><kwd>остаточная опухоль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>WNT-pathway</kwd><kwd>metastasis</kwd><kwd>copy number aberration</kwd><kwd>residual tumor</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ № 18-29-09131 «Феномен «замирания» опухоли в процессе химиотерапии».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was carried out with the financial support of the grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research № 18-29-09131 «The phenomenon of tumor «fading» during chemotherapy».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Litviakov N., Ibragimova M., Tsyganov M., Kazantseva P., Deryusheva I., Pevzner A., Doroshenko A., Garbukov E., Tarabanovskaya N., Slonimskaya E. Amplifications of stemness genes and the capacity of breast tumors for metastasis. Oncotarget. 2020; 11: 1988–2001. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.27608.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litviakov N., Ibragimova M., Tsyganov M., Kazantseva P., Deryusheva I., Pevzner A., Doroshenko A., Garbukov E., Tarabanovskaya N., Slonimskaya E. Amplifications of stemness genes and the capacity of breast tumors for metastasis. Oncotarget. 2020; 11: 1988–2001. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.27608.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milanovic M., Fan D.N.Y., Belenki D., Däbritz J.H.M., Zhao Z., Yu Y., Dörr J.R., Dimitrova L., Lenze D., Monteiro Barbosa I.A., MendozaParra M.A., Kanashova T., Metzner M., Pardon K., Reimann M., Trumpp A., Dörken B., Zuber J., Gronemeyer H., Hummel M., Dittmar G., Lee S., Schmitt C.A. Senescence-associated reprogramming promotes cancer stemness. Nature. 2018 Jan 4; 553(7686): 96–100. doi: 10.1038/nature25167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milanovic M., Fan D.N.Y., Belenki D., Däbritz J.H.M., Zhao Z., Yu Y., Dörr J.R., Dimitrova L., Lenze D., Monteiro Barbosa I.A., MendozaParra M.A., Kanashova T., Metzner M., Pardon K., Reimann M., Trumpp A., Dörken B., Zuber J., Gronemeyer H., Hummel M., Dittmar G., Lee S., Schmitt C.A. Senescence-associated reprogramming promotes cancer stemness. Nature. 2018 Jan 4; 553(7686): 96–100. doi: 10.1038/nature25167.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhan T., Rindtorff N., Boutros M. Wnt signaling in cancer. Oncogene. 2017 Mar; 36(11): 1461–1473. doi: 10.1038/onc.2016.304.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhan T., Rindtorff N., Boutros M. Wnt signaling in cancer. Oncogene. 2017 Mar; 36(11): 1461–1473. doi: 10.1038/onc.2016.304.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Acebron S.P., Karaulanov E., Berger B.S., Huang Y.-L., Niehrs C. Mitotic wnt signaling promotes protein stabilization and regulates cell size. Molecular cell. 2014; 54(4): 663–74. doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2014.04.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Acebron S.P., Karaulanov E., Berger B.S., Huang Y.-L., Niehrs C. Mitotic wnt signaling promotes protein stabilization and regulates cell size. Molecular cell. 2014; 54(4): 663–74. doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2014.04.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaveri D., Kastner P., Dembélé D., Nerlov C., Chan S., Kirstetter P. β-Catenin activation synergizes with Pten loss and Myc overexpression in Notch-independent T-ALL. Blood. 2013 Aug 1; 122(5): 694–704. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-12-471904.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaveri D., Kastner P., Dembélé D., Nerlov C., Chan S., Kirstetter P. β-Catenin activation synergizes with Pten loss and Myc overexpression in Notch-independent T-ALL. Blood. 2013 Aug 1; 122(5): 694–704. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-12-471904.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wolff A.C., Hammond M.E., Hicks D.G., Dowsett M., McShane L.M., Allison K.H., Allred D.C., Bartlett J.M., Bilous M., Fitzgibbons P., Hanna W., Jenkins R.B., Mangu P.B., Paik S., Perez E.A., Press M.F., Spears P.A., Vance G.H., Viale G., Hayes D.F.; American Society of Clinical Oncology; College of American Pathologists. Recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Nov 1; 31(31): 3997–4013. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.50.9984.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wolff A.C., Hammond M.E., Hicks D.G., Dowsett M., McShane L.M., Allison K.H., Allred D.C., Bartlett J.M., Bilous M., Fitzgibbons P., Hanna W., Jenkins R.B., Mangu P.B., Paik S., Perez E.A., Press M.F., Spears P.A., Vance G.H., Viale G., Hayes D.F.; American Society of Clinical Oncology; College of American Pathologists. Recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Nov 1; 31(31): 3997–4013. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.50.9984.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayward J.L., Carbone P.P., Heusen J.C., Kumaoka S., Segaloff A., Rubens R.D. Assessment of response to therapy in advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1977 Mar; 35(3): 292–8. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1977.42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayward J.L., Carbone P.P., Heusen J.C., Kumaoka S., Segaloff A., Rubens R.D. Assessment of response to therapy in advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1977 Mar; 35(3): 292–8. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1977.42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dodson A., Okonji D., Assersohn L., Rigg A., Sheri A., Turner N., Smith I., Parton M., Dowsett M. Discordance between oncotype DX recurrence score and RSPC for predicting residual risk of recurrence in ER-positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2018; 168(1): 249–58. doi: 10.1007/s10549-017-4514-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dodson A., Okonji D., Assersohn L., Rigg A., Sheri A., Turner N., Smith I., Parton M., Dowsett M. Discordance between oncotype DX recurrence score and RSPC for predicting residual risk of recurrence in ER-positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2018; 168(1): 249–58. doi: 10.1007/s10549-017-4514-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tudoran O., Soritau O., Balacescu L., Visan S., Barbos O., Cojocneanu-Petric R., Balacescu O., Berindan-Neagoe I. Regulation of stem cells-related signaling pathways in response to doxorubicin treatment in Hs578T triple-negative breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 2015 Nov; 409(1–2): 163–76. doi: 10.1007/s11010-015-2522-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tudoran O., Soritau O., Balacescu L., Visan S., Barbos O., Cojocneanu-Petric R., Balacescu O., Berindan-Neagoe I. Regulation of stem cells-related signaling pathways in response to doxorubicin treatment in Hs578T triple-negative breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 2015 Nov; 409(1–2): 163–76. doi: 10.1007/s11010-015-2522-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roy P.G., Thompson A.M. Cyclin D1 and breast cancer. Breast. 2006 Dec; 15(6): 718–27. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2006.02.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roy P.G., Thompson A.M. Cyclin D1 and breast cancer. Breast. 2006 Dec; 15(6): 718–27. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2006.02.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adorno-Cruz V., Hoffmann A.D., Liu X., Dashzeveg N.K., Taftaf R., Wray B., Liu H. ITGA2 promotes expression of ACLY and CCND1 in enhancing breast cancer stemness and metastasis. Genes &amp; Diseases. 2020. doi: doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.01.015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adorno-Cruz V., Hoffmann A.D., Liu X., Dashzeveg N.K., Taftaf R., Wray B., Liu H. ITGA2 promotes expression of ACLY and CCND1 in enhancing breast cancer stemness and metastasis. Genes &amp; Diseases. 2020. doi: doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.01.015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koo K.H., Kwon H. MicroRNA miR-4779 suppresses tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through direct targeting of PAK2 and CCND3. Cell Death Dis. 2018; 9(2): 77. doi: 10.1038/s41419-017-0100-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koo K.H., Kwon H. MicroRNA miR-4779 suppresses tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through direct targeting of PAK2 and CCND3. Cell Death Dis. 2018; 9(2): 77. doi: 10.1038/s41419-017-0100-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Y.Q., Wang X.L., Cheng X., Lu Y.Z., Wang G.Z., Li X.C., Zhang J., Wen Z.S., Huang Z.L., Gao Q.L., Yang L.N., Cheng Y.X., Tao S.C., Liu J., Zhou G.B. Skp1 in lung cancer: clinical significance and therapeutic efficacy of its small molecule inhibitors. Oncotarget. 2015; 6(33): 34953–67. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.5547.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu Y.Q., Wang X.L., Cheng X., Lu Y.Z., Wang G.Z., Li X.C., Zhang J., Wen Z.S., Huang Z.L., Gao Q.L., Yang L.N., Cheng Y.X., Tao S.C., Liu J., Zhou G.B. Skp1 in lung cancer: clinical significance and therapeutic efficacy of its small molecule inhibitors. Oncotarget. 2015; 6(33): 34953–67. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.5547.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D'Arcy B.M., Swingle M.R., Papke C.M., Abney K.A., Bouska E.S., Prakash A., Honkanen R.E. The Antitumor Drug LB-100 Is a Catalytic Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (PPP2CA) and 5 (PPP5C) Coordinating with the Active-Site Catalytic Metals in PPP5C. Mol Cancer Ther. 2019 Mar; 18(3): 556–566. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-1143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D'Arcy B.M., Swingle M.R., Papke C.M., Abney K.A., Bouska E.S., Prakash A., Honkanen R.E. The Antitumor Drug LB-100 Is a Catalytic Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (PPP2CA) and 5 (PPP5C) Coordinating with the Active-Site Catalytic Metals in PPP5C. Mol Cancer Ther. 2019 Mar; 18(3): 556–566. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-1143.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y., Tran T., Dwabe S., Sarkissyan M., Kim J., Nava M., Clayton S., Pietras R., Farias-Eisner R., Vadgama J.V. A83-01 inhibits TGF-β-induced upregulation of Wnt3 and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2017 Jun; 163(3): 449–460. doi: 10.1007/s10549-017-4211-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu Y., Tran T., Dwabe S., Sarkissyan M., Kim J., Nava M., Clayton S., Pietras R., Farias-Eisner R., Vadgama J.V. A83-01 inhibits TGF-β-induced upregulation of Wnt3 and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2017 Jun; 163(3): 449–460. doi: 10.1007/s10549-017-4211-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ding L.C., Huang X.Y., Zheng F.F., Xie J., She L., Feng Y., Su B.H., Zheng D.L., Lu Y.G. FZD2 inhibits the cell growth and migration of salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas. Oncol Rep. 2016; 35(2): 1006–12. doi: 10.3892/or.2015.3811.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ding L.C., Huang X.Y., Zheng F.F., Xie J., She L., Feng Y., Su B.H., Zheng D.L., Lu Y.G. FZD2 inhibits the cell growth and migration of salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas. Oncol Rep. 2016; 35(2): 1006–12. doi: 10.3892/or.2015.3811.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Du J., Zheng J., Liu J., Xu R., Shen T., Zhu Y., Chang J., Wang H., Zhang Z., Meng F., Wang Y., Chen Y., Xu Y., Gu L. EGF-reduced Wnt5a transcription induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Arf6- ERK signaling in gastric cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2015 Mar 30; 6(9): 7244–61. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.3133.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y., Du J., Zheng J., Liu J., Xu R., Shen T., Zhu Y., Chang J., Wang H., Zhang Z., Meng F., Wang Y., Chen Y., Xu Y., Gu L. EGF-reduced Wnt5a transcription induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Arf6- ERK signaling in gastric cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2015 Mar 30; 6(9): 7244–61. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.3133.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamamoto H., Oue N., Sato A., Hasegawa Y., Yamamoto H., Matsubara A., Yasui W., Kikuchi A. Wnt5a signaling is involved in the aggressiveness of prostate cancer and expression of metalloproteinase. Oncogene. 2010 Apr 8; 29(14): 2036–46. doi: 10.1038/onc.2009.496.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamamoto H., Oue N., Sato A., Hasegawa Y., Yamamoto H., Matsubara A., Yasui W., Kikuchi A. Wnt5a signaling is involved in the aggressiveness of prostate cancer and expression of metalloproteinase. Oncogene. 2010 Apr 8; 29(14): 2036–46. doi: 10.1038/onc.2009.496.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gujral T.S., Chan M., Peshkin L., Sorger P.K., Kirschner M.W., MacBeath G. A noncanonical Frizzled2 pathway regulates epithelialmesenchymal transition and metastasis. Cell. 2014; 159(4): 844–56. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.032.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gujral T.S., Chan M., Peshkin L., Sorger P.K., Kirschner M.W., MacBeath G. A noncanonical Frizzled2 pathway regulates epithelialmesenchymal transition and metastasis. Cell. 2014; 159(4): 844–56. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.032.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wong A.L.A., Tan K.T., Sundar R., Ow S., Pang A., Yap H-L., Chan C-W., Hartman M., Iau P., Buhari S.A. Genomic predictors of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) response in breast cancer (BC). J Clin Oncol. 2017; 35: 15_suppl. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.e12122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wong A.L.A., Tan K.T., Sundar R., Ow S., Pang A., Yap H-L., Chan C-W., Hartman M., Iau P., Buhari S.A. Genomic predictors of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) response in breast cancer (BC). J Clin Oncol. 2017; 35: 15_suppl. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.e12122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi Q., Liu H., Han P., Li C., Wang Y., Wu W., Zhu D., Amos C.I., Fang S., Lee J.E., Han J., Wei Q. Genetic Variants in WNT2B and BTRC Predict Melanoma Survival. J Invest Dermatol. 2017; 137(8): 1749–56. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.04.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi Q., Liu H., Han P., Li C., Wang Y., Wu W., Zhu D., Amos C.I., Fang S., Lee J.E., Han J., Wei Q. Genetic Variants in WNT2B and BTRC Predict Melanoma Survival. J Invest Dermatol. 2017; 137(8): 1749–56. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.04.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu H., Lu X.X., Wang J.R., Yang T.Y., Li X.M., He X.S., Li Y., Ye W.L., Wu Y., Gan W.J., Guo P.D., Li J.M. TRAF6 inhibits colorectal cancer metastasis through regulating selective autophagic CTNNB1/βcatenin degradation and is targeted for GSK3B/GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation and degradation. Autophagy. 2019 Sep; 15(9): 1506–22. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1586250.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu H., Lu X.X., Wang J.R., Yang T.Y., Li X.M., He X.S., Li Y., Ye W.L., Wu Y., Gan W.J., Guo P.D., Li J.M. TRAF6 inhibits colorectal cancer metastasis through regulating selective autophagic CTNNB1/βcatenin degradation and is targeted for GSK3B/GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation and degradation. Autophagy. 2019 Sep; 15(9): 1506–22. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1586250.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen I.C., Hsiao L.P., Huang I.W., Yu H.C., Yeh L.C., Lin C.H., Wei-Wu Chen T., Cheng A.L., Lu Y.S. Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase Inhibitors, Buparlisib and Alpelisib, Sensitize Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer Cells to Tamoxifen. Sci Rep. 2017; 7(1): 9842. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10555-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen I.C., Hsiao L.P., Huang I.W., Yu H.C., Yeh L.C., Lin C.H., Wei-Wu Chen T., Cheng A.L., Lu Y.S. Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase Inhibitors, Buparlisib and Alpelisib, Sensitize Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer Cells to Tamoxifen. Sci Rep. 2017; 7(1): 9842. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10555-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou W., Tian M., Hu J., Li L., He Y. SFRP5 as a prognostic biomarker for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2016; 9(3): 3442–3447.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou W., Tian M., Hu J., Li L., He Y. SFRP5 as a prognostic biomarker for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2016; 9(3): 3442–3447.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veeck J., Geisler C., Noetzel E., Alkaya S., Hartmann A., Knüchel R., Dahl E. Epigenetic inactivation of the secreted frizzled-related protein-5 (SFRP5) gene in human breast cancer is associated with unfavorable prognosis. Carcinogenesis. 2008 May; 29(5): 991–8. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgn076.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veeck J., Geisler C., Noetzel E., Alkaya S., Hartmann A., Knüchel R., Dahl E. Epigenetic inactivation of the secreted frizzled-related protein-5 (SFRP5) gene in human breast cancer is associated with unfavorable prognosis. Carcinogenesis. 2008 May; 29(5): 991–8. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgn076.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Klompenberg M.K., Leyden E., Arnason A.H., Zhang J.T., Stefanski C.D., Prosperi J.R. APC loss in breast cancer leads to doxorubicin resistance via STAT3 activation. Oncotarget. 2017; 8(61): 102868–79. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22263.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Klompenberg M.K., Leyden E., Arnason A.H., Zhang J.T., Stefanski C.D., Prosperi J.R. APC loss in breast cancer leads to doxorubicin resistance via STAT3 activation. Oncotarget. 2017; 8(61): 102868–79. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22263.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stefanski C.D., Keffler K., McClintock S., Milac L., Prosperi J.R. APC loss affects DNA damage repair causing doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer cells. Neoplasia. 2019; 21(12): 1143–50. doi.org/10.1016/j.neo.2019.09.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stefanski C.D., Keffler K., McClintock S., Milac L., Prosperi J.R. APC loss affects DNA damage repair causing doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer cells. Neoplasia. 2019; 21(12): 1143–50. doi.org/10.1016/j.neo.2019.09.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Onder T.T., Kara N., Cherry A., Sinha A.U., Zhu N., Bernt K.M., Cahan P., Marcarci B.O., Unternaehrer J., Gupta P.B., Lander E.S., Armstrong S.A., Daley G.Q. Chromatin-modifying enzymes as modulators of reprogramming. Nature. 2012 Mar 4; 483(7391): 598–602. doi: 10.1038/nature10953.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Onder T.T., Kara N., Cherry A., Sinha A.U., Zhu N., Bernt K.M., Cahan P., Marcarci B.O., Unternaehrer J., Gupta P.B., Lander E.S., Armstrong S.A., Daley G.Q. Chromatin-modifying enzymes as modulators of reprogramming. Nature. 2012 Mar 4; 483(7391): 598–602. doi: 10.1038/nature10953.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
