<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2021-20-1-97-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-1696</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКСПРЕССИИ CD133 И CD44 МАРКЕРОВ ОПУХОЛЕВЫХ СТВОЛОВЫХ КЛЕТОК ПРИ МЕТАСТАТИЧЕСКОМ И НЕМЕТАСТАТИЧЕСКОМ РАКЕ ЖЕЛУДКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FEATURES OF EXPRESSION OF CD133 AND CD44 MARKERS OF TUMOR STEM CELLS WITH METASTATIC AND NON-METASTATIC GASTRIC CANCER</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-5261</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагакянц</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagakyants</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, доцент, руководитель лаборатории иммунофенотипирования опухолей</p><p>SPIN-код: 7272-1408. Researcher ID (WOS): M-8378-2019. Author ID (Scopus): 24329773900Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor, Head of Laboratory of Tumor Immunophenotyping</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): M-8378-2019. Author ID (Scopus): 24329773900</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asagak@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кит</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kit</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, генеральный директор </p><p>SPIN-код: 1728-0329. Researcher ID (WOS): U-2241-2017. Author ID (Scopus): 55994103100Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc, Professor, General Director</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): U-2241-2017. Author ID (Scopus): 55994103100</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyanova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунофенотипирования опухолей,</p><p>SPIN-код: 1243-9475. AuthorID (РИНЦ): 759154 Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Tumor Immunophenotyping</p><p>63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Златник</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zlatnik</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунофенотипирования опухолей</p><p>SPIN-код: 4137-7410. Author ID (Scopus): 6603160432 Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc, Professor, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Tumor Immunophenotyping</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 6603160432</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-9641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель генерального директора по науке</p><p>SPIN-код: 4810-2424. Researcher ID (WOS): E-7710-2018. Author ID (Scopus): 7005153343Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Deputy Director General for Science </p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): E-7710-2018. Author ID (Scopus): 7005153343</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульгина</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulgina</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунофенотипирования опухолей</p><p>SPIN-код: 9668-3042. AuthorID (РИНЦ): 886334 Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Tumor Immunophenotyping</p><p>63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1957-7363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геворкян</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gevorkyan</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделом абдоминальной онкологии № 2</p><p>SPIN-код: 8643-2348. AuthorID (РИНЦ): 711165Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc, Professor, Head of Department Abdominal Oncology No. 2</p><p>63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0118-4935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдаткина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>SPIN-код: 8392-6679. AuthorID (РИНЦ): 440046Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc, Senior Researcher</p><p>63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойленко</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoylenko</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate</p><p>63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дженкова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhenkova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, доцент, ученый секретарь</p><p>SPIN-код: 6206-6222. Author ID (Scopus): 6507889745. Researcher ID (WOS): K-9622-2014 Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc, Associate Professor, Scientific Secretary</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 6507889745. Researcher ID (WOS): K-9622-2014</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошников</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник торакоабдоминального отдела</p><p>SPIN-код: 8756-9438. Author ID (Scopus): 7005752070 Россия, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Thoracicabdominal Department</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 7005752070</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сагакянц А.Б., Кит О.И., Ульянова Е.П., Златник Е.Ю., Новикова И.А., Шульгина О.Г., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Самойленко Н.С., Дженкова Е.А., Шапошников А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сагакянц А.Б., Кит О.И., Ульянова Е.П., Златник Е.Ю., Новикова И.А., Шульгина О.Г., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Самойленко Н.С., Дженкова Е.А., Шапошников А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sagakyants A.B., Kit O.I., Ulyanova E.P., Zlatnik E.Y., Novikova I.A., Shulgina O.G., Gevorkyan Y.A., Soldatkina N.V., Samoylenko N.S., Dzhenkova E.A., Shaposhnikov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/1696">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/1696</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В структуре смертности рак желудка (РЖ) занимает второе место, что обусловлено поздней диагностикой в сочетании с агрессивным течением заболевания. Особую роль в патогенезе и метастазировании опухоли отводят опухолевым стволовым клеткам, ответственным за устойчивость к химио- и радиотерапии и обусловливающим прогрессию опухоли. </p><p>Цель исследования – определение cd44 и cd133 маркеров опухолевых стволовых клеток в ткани опухоли при неметастатическом и метастатическом раке желудка с  использованием иммуногистохимического метода. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено проспективное исследование опухолевой ткани у больных раком желудка: 1-я группа – 20 больных РЖ t3–4аN0–3m0, степень дифференцировки опухоли – g2, средний возраст – 58,9 ± 9,7 года; 2-я группа – 20 больных РЖ t3–4аN0–3m1 с метастатическим поражением брюшины, степень  дифференцировки опухоли – g2, средний возраст – 53,4 ± 11,9 года. Экспрессию cd44 и cd133 в ткани опухолей осуществляли иммуногистохимическим методом. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены отличия в количестве опухолевых клеток, экспрессирующих cd44 маркер при наличии и отсутствии метастазов у больных раком желудка – их количество составило 10,0 ± 3,08 % и 6,0 ± 2,3 % соответственно. При этом cd133 молекула при наличии метастазов выявлялась в 95 %, при их отсутствии – в 80 % случаев. Средний уровень cd133+-клеток при метастатическом раке желудка составил 21,3 ± 11,6 %, при локализованном – 10,0 ± 2,4 %. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Степень экспрессии выбранных молекул имела характерные отличия у больных различными формами рака желудка, что может быть использовано в дальнейшем для понимания результатов лечения и прогноза течения заболевания.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death due to advanced disease. A special role in the pathogenesis and metastasis of the tumor is assigned to tumor stem cells (TSC ),  responsible for resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and causing tumor progression.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to determine the CD 44 and CD 133 markers of TSC in tumor tissues of non-metastatic and metastatic gastric cancer using the immunohistochemical method.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. A prospective study of tumors in patients with gastric cancer was conducted: Group 1 – 20 people with T3–4aN0–3M0G2 tumor, average age 58.9 ± 9.7; Group 2 – 20 people with T3–4aN0–3M1G2 tumor, with metastases in the peritoneum, average age 53.4 ± 11.9. The expression of CD 44 and CD 133 in the tumor tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Differences were found in the number of tumor cells expressing the CD 44 marker in the presence and absence of metastases in patients with gastric cancer – their number was 10.0 ± 3.08 and 6.0 ± 2.3, respectively. The CD 133 molecule was detected in 100 % of cases having metastases, while in cases having no metastases, the marker was detected only in 80 % of cases. The average percentage of CD 133 + cells was 21.3 ± 11.6 % in patients with metastatic gastric cancer and 10.0 ± 2.4 % in patients having no metastases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The degree of expression of the CD 44 and CD 133 markers had characteristic differences in patients with gastric cancer, which can be used further to explain the results of the treatment and the prognosis of the disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухолевые стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>рак желудка</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимическая идентификация</kwd><kwd>cd133</kwd><kwd>cd44</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tumor stem cells</kwd><kwd>gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemical identification</kwd><kwd>CD133</kwd><kwd>CD44</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа выполнена в рамках Госзадания «Изучение возможности применения опухолевых стволовых клеток человека для создания модели ксеногенной опухоли в эксперименте».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was performed under Government task «Study of the possibility of using human tumor stem cells to create a model of a xenogenic tumor in the experiment».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каприн А.Д., Старинский В.В., Петрова Г.В. Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2016 году. М., 2017. 236 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaprin A.D., Starinskiy V.V., Petrova G.V. The state of cancer care for the population of Russia in 2016. Moscow, 2017. 236 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кит О.И., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Новикова И.А., Гусарева М.А., Кожушко М.А.Молекулярно-морфологические эффекты предоперационной лучевой терапии крупным фракционированием дозы при раке прямой кишки. Молекулярная медицина. 2017; 15(2): 39–43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kit O.I., Gevorkyan Yu.A., Soldatkina N.V., Novikova I.A., Gusareva M.A., Kozhushko M.A. Molecular and morphological effects of preoperative hypofractionation for rectal cancer. Molecular medicine. 2017; 15(2): 39–43. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никипелова Е.А., Кит О.И., Шапошников А.В., Златник Е.Ю., Новикова И.А., Владимирова Л.Ю., Позднякова В.В., Лысенко И.Б., Шевченко А.Н., Демидова А.А. Иммунологические критерии развития отдаленных метастазов рака толстой кишки. Известия высших учебных заведений. Северо-Кавказский регион. Серия: Естественные науки. 2017; 3–2 (195–2): 96–101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikipelova E.A., Kit O.I., Shaposhnikov A.V., Zlatnik E.Yu., Novikova I.A., Vladimirova L.Yu., Pozdnyakova V.V., Lysenko I.B., Shevchenko A.N., Demidova A.A. Immunologic criteria for the development of distant metastases from colon cancer. Science journal. Bulletin of Higher Education Institutes. North Caucasus Region. Natural Sciences. 2017; 3–2 (195–2): 96–101. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim W.T., Ryu C.J. Cancer stem cell surface markers on normal stem cells. BMB Rep. 2017 Jun; 50(6): 285–298. doi: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.6.039.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim W.T., Ryu C.J. Cancer stem cell surface markers on normal stem cells. BMB Rep. 2017 Jun; 50(6): 285–298. doi: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.6.039.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meacham C.E., Morrison S.J. Tumour heterogeneity and cancer cell plasticity. Nature. 2013 Sep 19; 501(7467): 328–37. doi: 10.1038/nature12624.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meacham C.E., Morrison S.J. Tumour heterogeneity and cancer cell plasticity. Nature. 2013 Sep 19; 501(7467): 328–37. doi: 10.1038/nature12624.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J.Y., Chang C.C., Chiang C.C., Chen W.M., Hung S.C. Silibinin suppresses the maintenance of colorectal cancer stem-like cells by inhibiting PP2A/AKT/mTOR pathways. J Cell Biochem. 2012 May; 113(5): 1733–43. doi: 10.1002/jcb.24043.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J.Y., Chang C.C., Chiang C.C., Chen W.M., Hung S.C. Silibinin suppresses the maintenance of colorectal cancer stem-like cells by inhibiting PP2A/AKT/mTOR pathways. J Cell Biochem. 2012 May; 113(5): 1733–43. doi: 10.1002/jcb.24043.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yeung T.M., Gandhi S.C., Wilding J.L., Muschel R., Bodmer W.F. Cancer stem cells from colorectal cancer-derived cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010 Feb 23; 107(8): 3722–7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0915135107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yeung T.M., Gandhi S.C., Wilding J.L., Muschel R., Bodmer W.F. Cancer stem cells from colorectal cancer-derived cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010 Feb 23; 107(8): 3722–7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0915135107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Louderbough J.M., Schroeder J.A. Understanding the dual nature of CD44 in breast cancer progression. Mol Cancer Res. 2011 Dec; 9(12): 1573–86. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-11-0156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Louderbough J.M., Schroeder J.A. Understanding the dual nature of CD44 in breast cancer progression. Mol Cancer Res. 2011 Dec; 9(12): 1573–86. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-11-0156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пучинская М.В. Маркеры опухолевых стволовых клеток и их прогностическое значение. Архив патологии. 2016; 2: 47–54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Puchinskaya M.V. Cancer stem cell markers and their prognostic value. Pathology Archive, 2016; 2: 47–54. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Златник Е.Ю., Кит О.И., Новикова И.А., Ульянова Е.П., Сагакянц А.Б., Теплякова М.А., Егоров Г.Ю., Чупанов Г.М., Черникова Е.Н. Возможная роль стволовых опухолевых клеток в процессах метастазирования колоректального рака. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2018. 6. [Интернет]. URL: http://www.science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=28217 (cited 28.05.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zlatnik E.Yu., Kit O.I., Novikova I.A., Ulyanova E.P., Sagakyants A.B., Teplyakova M.A., Egorov G.Y., Chupanov G.M., Chernikova E.N. The possible role of cancer stem cells in metastatic process of colorectal cancer. 2018. 6. [Internet]. URL: http://www.science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=28217 (cited 28.05.2019). (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Afify A., Durbin-Johnson B., Virdi A., Jess H. The expression of CD44v6 in colon: from normal to malignant. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Feb; 20: 19–23. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.10.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Afify A., Durbin-Johnson B., Virdi A., Jess H. The expression of CD44v6 in colon: from normal to malignant. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Feb; 20: 19–23. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.10.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Du L., Wang H., He L., Zhang J., Ni B., Wang X., Jin H., Cahuzac N., Mehrpour M., Lu Y., Chen Q. CD44 is of functional importance for colorectal cancer stem cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2008; 14(21): 6751–60. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1034.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Du L., Wang H., He L., Zhang J., Ni B., Wang X., Jin H., Cahuzac N., Mehrpour M., Lu Y., Chen Q. CD44 is of functional importance for colorectal cancer stem cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2008; 14(21): 6751–60. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1034.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagano O., Saya H. Mechanism and biological significance of CD44 cleavage. Cancer Sci. 2004; 95(12): 930–5. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03179.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagano O., Saya H. Mechanism and biological significance of CD44 cleavage. Cancer Sci. 2004; 95(12): 930–5. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03179.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harada N., Mizoi T., Kinouchi M., Hoshi K., Ishii S., Shiiba K., Sasaki I., Matsuno S. Introduction of antisense CD44S CDNA down-regulates expression of overall CD44 isoforms and inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in highly metastatic colon carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2001 Jan 1; 91(1): 67–75. doi: 10.1002/1097-0215(20010101)91:1&lt;67::aidijc1011&gt;3.0.co;2-d.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harada N., Mizoi T., Kinouchi M., Hoshi K., Ishii S., Shiiba K., Sasaki I., Matsuno S. Introduction of antisense CD44S CDNA down-regulates expression of overall CD44 isoforms and inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in highly metastatic colon carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2001 Jan 1; 91(1): 67–75. doi: 10.1002/1097-0215(20010101)91:1&lt;67::aidijc1011&gt;3.0.co;2-d.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dallas M.R., Liu G., Chen W.C., Thomas S.N., Wirtz D., Huso D.L., Konstantopoulos K. Divergent roles of CD44 and carcinoembryonic antigen in colon cancer metastasis. FASEB J. 2012 Jun; 26(6): 2648–56. doi: 10.1096/fj.12-203786.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dallas M.R., Liu G., Chen W.C., Thomas S.N., Wirtz D., Huso D.L., Konstantopoulos K. Divergent roles of CD44 and carcinoembryonic antigen in colon cancer metastasis. FASEB J. 2012 Jun; 26(6): 2648–56. doi: 10.1096/fj.12-203786.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ropponen K.M., Eskelinen M.J., Lipponen P.K., Alhava E., Kosma V.M. Expression of CD44 and variant proteins in human colorectal cancer and its relevance for prognosis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1998 Mar; 33(3): 301–9. doi: 10.1080/00365529850170900.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ropponen K.M., Eskelinen M.J., Lipponen P.K., Alhava E., Kosma V.M. Expression of CD44 and variant proteins in human colorectal cancer and its relevance for prognosis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1998 Mar; 33(3): 301–9. doi: 10.1080/00365529850170900.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lingala S., Cui Y.Y., Chen X., Ruebner B.H., Qian X.F., Zern M.A., Wu J. Immunohistochemical staining of cancer stem cell markers in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Mol Pathol. 2010 Aug; 89(1): 27–35. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.05.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lingala S., Cui Y.Y., Chen X., Ruebner B.H., Qian X.F., Zern M.A., Wu J. Immunohistochemical staining of cancer stem cell markers in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Mol Pathol. 2010 Aug; 89(1): 27–35. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.05.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kojima M., Ishii G., Atsumi N., Fujii S., Saito N., Ochiai A. Immunohistochemical detection of CD133 expression in colorectal cancer: a clinicopathological study. Cancer Sci. 2008 Aug; 99(8): 1578–83. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00849.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kojima M., Ishii G., Atsumi N., Fujii S., Saito N., Ochiai A. Immunohistochemical detection of CD133 expression in colorectal cancer: a clinicopathological study. Cancer Sci. 2008 Aug; 99(8): 1578–83. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00849.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao P., Li Y., Lu Y. Aberrant expression of CD133 protein correlates with Ki-67 expression and is a prognostic marker in gastric adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2010 May 20; 10: 218. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-218.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao P., Li Y., Lu Y. Aberrant expression of CD133 protein correlates with Ki-67 expression and is a prognostic marker in gastric adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2010 May 20; 10: 218. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-218.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horst D., Kriegl L., Engel J., Kirchner T., Jung A. Prognostic significance of the cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD44, and CD166 in colorectal cancer. Cancer Invest. 2009 Oct; 27(8): 844–50. doi: 10.1080/07357900902744502.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horst D., Kriegl L., Engel J., Kirchner T., Jung A. Prognostic significance of the cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD44, and CD166 in colorectal cancer. Cancer Invest. 2009 Oct; 27(8): 844–50. doi: 10.1080/07357900902744502.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tan Y., Chen B., Xu W., Zhao W., Wu J. Clinicopathological significance of CD133 in lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Mol Clin Oncol. 2014 Jan; 2(1): 111–115. doi: 10.3892/mco.2013.195.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tan Y., Chen B., Xu W., Zhao W., Wu J. Clinicopathological significance of CD133 in lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Mol Clin Oncol. 2014 Jan; 2(1): 111–115. doi: 10.3892/mco.2013.195.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сагакянц А.Б., Франциянц Е.М., Златник Е.Ю., Геворкян Ю.А., Солдаткина Н.В., Бондаренко Е.С., Самойленко Н.С., Ульянова Е.П., Шульгина О.Г., Дашков А.В., Каймакчи Д.О., Егоров Г.Ю., Гречкин Ф.Н. Экспрессия маркеров опухолевых стволовых клеток при различных формах рака желудка. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2018; 5. [Интернет]. URL: http://www.science-education.ru/article/view?id=28129 (cited 28.05.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sagakyants A.B., Frantsiyants E.M., Zlatnik E.Yu., Gevorkyan Y.A., Soldatkina N.V., Bondarenko E.S., Samoylenko N.S., Ulyanova E.P., Shulgina O.G., Dashkov A.V., Kaymakchi D.O., Egorov G.Y., Grechkin F.N. Expression of markers of tumor stem cells in different forms of gastric cancer. Modern problems of science and education. 2018; 5. [Internet]. URL: http://www.science-education.ru/article/view?id=28129 (cited 28.05.2019). (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
