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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2021-20-1-105-114</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-1697</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПЫТ РАБОТЫ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭМБРИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ОПУХОЛИ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У ВЗРОСЛЫХ. ТРИ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EMBRYONAL TUMORS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN ADULTS: A REPORT OF THREE CASES. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-0943</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мацко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matsko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник НИЛ нейроонкологии, врач-онколог; ассистент кафедры онкологии</p><p>SPIN-код автора: 2014-2268. AuthorID (РИНЦ): 918790. Researcher ID (WOS): W-9626-2018 Россия, 191014, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Маяковского, 12</p><p>Россия, 197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68а</p><p>Россия, 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7/9</p><p>Россия, 195271, г. Санкт-Петербург, Кондратьевский пр., 72а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Senior Researcher; Oncology Department</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): W-9626-2018.</p><p>12, Mayakovskogo Street, 191014, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>68a, Leningradskaya Street, 197758, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>7/9, Universitetskaya nab., 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>72a, Kondratyevsky pr., 195271, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marinamatsko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мацко</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matsko</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор Россия, 191014, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Маяковского, 12</p><p>Россия, 197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68а</p><p>Россия, 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7/9</p><p>Россия, 195271, г. Санкт-Петербург, Кондратьевский пр., 72а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor</p><p>12, Mayakovskogo Street, 191014, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>68a, Leningradskaya Street, 197758, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>7/9, Universitetskaya nab., 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>72a, Kondratyevsky pr., 195271, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4529-7891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имянитов</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imyanitov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, руководитель научного отдела биологии опухолевого роста</p><p>SPIN-код: 1909-7323. Author ID (Scopus): 7003644486Россия, 197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p><p>Россия, 195067, г. Санкт-Петербург, Пискарёвский пр., 47</p><p>Россия, 194100, г. Санкт-Петербург, Литовская улица, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Biology of Tumor Growth</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 7003644486</p><p>68, Leningradskaya Street, 197758, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>47, Piskarevsky pr., 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>2, Litovskaya street, 194100, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3284-9688</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скляр</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyar</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Junior Researcher</p><p>12, Mayakovskogo Street, 191014, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-4917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Улитин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulitin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирургРоссия, 191014, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Маяковского, 12</p><p>Россия, 195067, г. Санкт-Петербург, Пискарёвский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, DSc</p><p>12, Mayakovskogo Street, 191014, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>47, Piskarevsky pr., 195067, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7941-5027</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковенко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры нейрохирургии им. проф. А.Л. Поленова, </p><p>SPIN-код: 00559052. Researcher ID (WOS): K-9705-2014 Россия, 195067, г. Санкт-Петербург, Пискарёвский пр., 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor, Neurosurgery Department</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): K-9705-2014</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-5186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иевлева</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ievleva</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинский наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела биологии опухолевого роста</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): P-8305-2016. Author ID (Scopus): 6506417697Россия, 197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p><p>Россия, 194100, г. Санкт-Петербург, Литовская улица, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Biology of Tumor Growth</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): P-8305-2016. Author ID (Scopus): 6506417697</p><p>68, Leningradskaya Street, 197758, St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>2, Litovskaya street, 194100, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3700-207X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент медицинского факультета </p><p>SPIN-код: 4556-6198. Researcher ID (WOS): AAA-7236-2019 Россия, 199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): AAA-7236-2019.</p><p>7/9, Universitetskaya nab., 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-8378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романько</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь научной лаборатории молекулярной онкологии</p><p>Россия, 197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology</p><p>68, Leningradskaya Street, 197758, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-5925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечаева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechaeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Researcher</p><p>12, Mayakovskogo Street, 191014, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«РНХИ им. проф. А.Л. Поленова» – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБУЗ «Санкт-Петербургский клинический научно-практический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи (онкологический)»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВПО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»;&#13;
ЧОУ ВПО «Санкт-Петербургский медико-социальный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute – the branch of Almazov NMRC;&#13;
Clinical Scientific-Practical Center of Oncology;&#13;
Saint-Petersburg State University;&#13;
Saint-Petersburg Medico-Social Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБОУ ВПО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov NMRC of Oncology;&#13;
I.I. Mechnikov North-Western Medical University;&#13;
Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«РНХИ им. проф. А.Л. Поленова» – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute – the branch of Almazov NMRC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«РНХИ им. проф. А.Л. Поленова» – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБОУ ВПО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute – the branch of Almazov NMRC;&#13;
I.I. Mechnikov North-Western Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Mechnikov North-Western Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov NMRC of Oncology;&#13;
Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВПО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov NMRC of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>114</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мацко М.В., Мацко Д.Е., Имянитов Е.Н., Скляр С.С., Улитин А.Ю., Яковенко И.В., Иевлева А.Г., Ершов Г.А., Романько А.А., Нечаева А.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мацко М.В., Мацко Д.Е., Имянитов Е.Н., Скляр С.С., Улитин А.Ю., Яковенко И.В., Иевлева А.Г., Ершов Г.А., Романько А.А., Нечаева А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Matsko M.V., Matsko D.E., Imyanitov E.N., Sklyar S.S., Ulitin A.Y., Yakovenko I.V., Ievleva A.G., Ershov G.A., Romanko A.A., Nechaeva A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/1697">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/1697</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Эмбриональные опухоли центральной нервной системы –  злокачественные новообразования, которые преимущественно встречаются у пациентов  детского возраста c пиком заболевания в 4 года. По своим морфологическим характеристикам данные опухоли относятся к группе мелкокруглоголубоклеточных и  низкодифференцированных, поэтому гистологическая диагностика сопряжена с определенными трудностями. </p></sec><sec><title>Метод и описание случаев</title><p>Метод и описание случаев. Представлены три клинических наблюдения пациентов с эмбриональными опухолями центральной нервной системы супратенториальной  локализации. В двух случаях (возраст пациентов – 33 и 52 года) при иммуногистохимии  верифицирована нейробластома (syn (+), Nse (+), cd (+) и Ki67 10/40 %) и в третьем (возраст – 37 лет) – ганглионейробластома (syn (+), Nse (+), cd99  (+) и Ki67 40 %). Всем пациентам проведена лучевая терапия СОД 60 Гр на область оперативного вмешательства и 6 циклов химиотерапии в адъювантном режиме: больные с нейробластомой получили химиотерапию по схеме ep (цисплатин + этопозид), пациент с ганглионейробластомой – темозоломид. </p></sec><sec><title>Результат</title><p>Результат. В каждом случае в результате лечения был получен объективный ответ.  Безрецидивная продолжительность жизни в первом случае (нейробластома) составила 51 мес, общая продолжительность жизни – более 105 мес (8 лет 9 мес); во втором  случае (нейробластома) – 25 мес 2 нед и более 26 мес соответственно, у пациента с ганглионейробластомой  безрецидивная продолжительность жизни составила 87 мес, общая продолжительность жизни – более 93 мес (7 лет 9 мес 3 нед). </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Эмбриональные опухоли центральной нервной системы у взрослых являются исключительно редкими новообразованиями, которые отличаются длительным ответом на стандартные лечебные воздействия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Еmbryonal tumors of the central nervous system are malignant neoplasms that mainly occur in pediatric patients with a peak incidence at the age of 4 years. These tumors usually have small round blue cell histology and low differentiation.</p><p>Method and case description. A report of three cases with embryonal CNS tumors of supratentorial localization has been presented. Immunohistochemical analysis classified these tumors as neuroblastoma (2 cases: Syn (+), NSE (+), CD (+) and Ki67 10/40 %; ages were 33 and 52 years) or ganglioneuroblastoma (1 case: Syn (+), NSE (+), CD 99 (+) and Ki67 40 %; age was 37 year). All patients underwent RT in a total dose of 60 Gy delivered to the area of the removed tumor and 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy: patients with neuroblastoma received chemotherapy using EP regimen (cisplatin + etoposide), and patient with ganglioneuroblastoma received temozolomide.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An objective response to therapy was achieved in all 3 patients. The relapse-free survival (RFS) in the first case of neuroblastoma was 51 months, the overall survival (OS ) was more than 105 months (8 years 9 months); in the second case of neuroblastoma, RFS was 25 months 2 weeks and OS was more than 26 months. Both neuroblastomas contained ID H1(R132H) mutation. In the patient with ganglioneuroblastoma, the RFS was 87 months, and the OS was over 93 months (7 years, 9 months, 3 weeks).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Supratentorial embryonal tumors of the central nervous system in adults are exceptionally rare and have a relatively favorable response to the standard treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эмбриональные опухоли ЦНС</kwd><kwd>нейробластома</kwd><kwd>ганглионейробластома</kwd><kwd>мутации в генах idH1/2</kwd><kwd>ген mgmt</kwd><kwd>ген ЕRСС1</kwd><kwd>ген VegF</kwd><kwd>ген pdgFRa</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central nervous system embryonal tumors</kwd><kwd>neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>ganglioneuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>mutations IDH1/2 genes</kwd><kwd>MGMT gene</kwd><kwd>ERCC1 gene</kwd><kwd>VEGF gene</kwd><kwd>PDGFRA gene</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ №18-29-09087</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ostrom Q.T., Gittleman H., Truitt G., Boscia A., Kruchko C., Barnholtz-Sloan J.S. 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