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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2021-20-2-98-106</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-1815</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>АНАЛИЗ СВОЙСТВ РАКОВО-ТЕСТИКУЛЯРНЫХ АНТИГЕНОВ КАК ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНЫХ МАРКЕРОВ ДИССЕМИНАЦИИ ПЕРВИЧНОЙ МЕЛАНОМЫ КОЖИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ANALYSIS OF CANCER-TESTIS ANTIGENS AS POTENTIAL MARKERS FOR DISSEMINATION OF PRIMARY HUMAN SKIN MELANOMA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7659-6045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения хирургических методов лечения № 12</p><p>SPIN-код: 4271-2846. Author ID (Scopus): 8534967300. Researcher ID (WOS): Y-6159-2018</p><p> Россия, 115548, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, PhD, DSc, Leading Researcher, Department of Dermatologic Oncology</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 8534967300. Researcher ID (WOS): Y-6159-2018 </p><p> 24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-3958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трещалина</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Treshalina</surname><given-names>H. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, профессор, научный консультант лаборатории клеточного иммунитета НИИ ЭДИТО; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории фармакологии и химиотерапии </p><p>SPIN-код: 7230-1364. Author ID (Scopus): 6506637657.Researcher ID (WOS): P-8797-2015</p><p> Россия, 115548, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p><p> Россия, 119435, г. Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, 11 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, DSc, Professor, Scientific Consultant of the Laboratory Experimental Immunity, Research Institute of Experimental Diagnostics and Therapy of Tumors; Lead Researcher, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 6506637657. Researcher ID (WOS): Р-8797-2015  </p><p> 24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia </p><p> 11, Pirogovskaya street, 119435, Moscow, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">treshalina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0002-4814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Утяшев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Utyashev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отделения хирургических методов лечения № 12, НИИ КО</p><p>SPIN-код: 3661-0769. Author ID (Scopus): 25226057400. Researcher ID (WOS): AAI-1244-2020 </p><p> Россия, 115548, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, PhD, Researcher, Department of Dermatologic Oncology</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): AAI-1244-2020 </p><p> 24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-167X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселевский</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselevsky</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией клеточного иммунитета НИИ ЭДИТО</p><p>SPIN-код: 8687-2387</p><p> Россия, 115548, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, DSc, Professor, Head of Laboratory Experimental Immunity, Research Institute of Experimental Diagnostics and Therapy of Tumors </p><p> 24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7838-1005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лушникова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lushnikova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория онкогеномики, НИИ канцерогенеза</p><p>SPIN-код: 87170. Author ID (Scopus): 7210714374</p><p> Россия, 115548, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> DSc, Leader Researcher, Oncogenomics Laboratory, Cancerogenesis Institute</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 7210714374 </p><p> 24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9374-3158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубина</surname><given-names>И. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubina</surname><given-names>I. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточного иммунитета НИИ ЭДИТО</p><p>SPIN-код: 9402-3119. Author ID (Scopus): 14013275700</p><p> Россия, 115548, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> DSc, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Cell Immunity of the Research Institute of Experimental Diagnostics and Therapy of Tumors</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 14013275700 </p><p> 24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт по изысканию новых антибиотиков им. Г.Ф.Гаузе»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Gause Institute of New Antibiotics»<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова И.Н., Трещалина Е.М., Утяшев И.А., Киселевский М.В., Лушникова А.А., Шубина И.Ж., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова И.Н., Трещалина Е.М., Утяшев И.А., Киселевский М.В., Лушникова А.А., Шубина И.Ж.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhaylova I.N., Treshalina H.M., Utyashev I.A., Kiselevsky M.V., Lushnikova A.A., Shubina I.Z.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/1815">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/1815</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – анализ свойств раково-тестикулярных антигенов (РТА, cancertestisantigens, СTAs), позволяющих рассматривать их в качестве маркеров диссеминации первичной меланомы кожи человека (Мк).</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Были рассмотрены доступные источники литературы, опубликованные в базах данных Pubmed, scopus, Web of science, elibrary, РинЦ. Всего найдено 176 публикаций с описанием свойств РТА и кодирующих генов, из которых 52 работы были использованы для написания обзора.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В двух разделах обзора представлены современные клинически значимые функции РТА и их генов: гиперэкспрессия, избирательная в условиях гетерогенной популяции злокачественной патологии и опосредованная гуморальными и/или клеточными иммунными реакциями; связь с онкогенным процессом при активации РТА генов с деметилированием промоторных участков при малигнизации, коррелирующая с прогрессией новообразования; условия для реализации эффективной иммунотерапии с использованием РТА и/или их генов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В отечественной медицине пока не существует стандартов и клинических рекомендаций для использования РТА в прогнозе ранней диссеминации первичной Мк. Поэтому очень актуальны исследования, посвященные анализу свойств РТА и кодирующих их генов, раскрывающие взаимосвязь злокачественной прогрессии первичной Мк и опухолевого генеза, в том числе роль близких к стволовым циркулирующих опухолевых клеток (ЦОк) с фенотипом эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода (ЭМП) для клинической диагностики ранней диссеминации Мк. В результате значимыми диагностическими биомаркерами ранней диссеминации Мк можно считать следующие РТА: MaGe-a1, MaGe-a4 и nY-esO-1, экспрессия которых коррелирует с клинико-патологической характеристикой прогрессии, с безрецидивной и общей выживаемостью пациентов; MaGea3, экспрессия которого коррелирует c активацией гена sPaG5 и обилием Cd8+ Т-клеток; ssX – маркер миграции стволовых клеток c идентификацией клеток с фенотипом ЭМП и/или ЦОк (по цтДнк), РТА PRaMe – сигнальный маркер диссеминации увеальной меланомы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study: to analyze characteristics of cancer-testis antigens (Ctas) as potential biomarkers for dissemination of primary human skin melanoma (sm).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. Recent publications from Pubmed, scopus and elibrary databases were analyzed for the available appropriate literature review. In total, 176 papers reported the description of Ctas and encoding genes and their potential for prognosis of primary sm dissemination. The authors included 52 of them in the given review.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Two sections of the paper comprise clinically significant characteristics of Ctas and their genes, including overexpression, which is selective for the heterogeneous tumor cell populations and mediated by humoral and/or cellular immune reactions; the association of tumor process and activation of Cta genes by demethylation of promotor sites, which is correlated with tumor progression; and the conditions required for effective immunotherapy involving Ctas and/or their genes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. At present, there are no standards or clinical recommendations for the Cta-based prognosis of the early dissemination of primary skin melanoma. Therefore, it is important to study and analyze the Cta and encoding gene characteristics that reveal the connection between primary sm progression and tumor genesis including the role of circulating tumor cells (ctc), similar to stem cells, which have epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt) phenotype, for clinical diagnostics of early sm dissemination. As a result of the study, the following Ctas could be considered as significant biomarkers of the early sm dissemination: mage-a1, mage-a4 and ny-eso-1, which expression correlates with the clinical pathological description of the disease progression, as well as with the relapse-free period and overall survival of the patients; magea3, which expression correlates with spag5 activation and Cd8+ t-cell abundance; ssx, a marker for stem cell migration including identification of the cells with emt and/or ctcs; and prame, signaling marker for dissemination of the uveal melanoma.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>раково-тестикулярные антигены</kwd><kwd>первичная меланома кожи человека</kwd><kwd>прогноз диссеминации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cancer-testis antigens</kwd><kwd>primary human skin melanoma</kwd><kwd>diagnostics of dissemination</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бережная Н.М., Чехун В.Ф. 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