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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2022-21-2-12-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-2080</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностическая ценность методов радионуклидной визуализации сторожевого лимфатического узла при раке молочной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic value of nuclear medicine modaities for the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7954-2560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> клинический ординатор лаборатории радиоизотопной диагностики отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии, НИИ клинической и экспериментальной радиологии</p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, Clinical Resident of Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Therapy, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Radiology</p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8476-7879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией радиоизотопной диагностики отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии, НИИ клинической и  экспериментальной радиологии</p><p>SPIN-код: 4254-3930. Author ID (Scopus): 57192816516 </p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Head of Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Therapy, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Radiolog</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 57192816516 </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krilovas@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9571-801X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжков</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhkov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории радиоизотопной диагностики отдела  радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии, НИИ клинической и экспериментальной радиологии</p><p>SPIN-код: 6472-4859</p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, DSc, Leading Researcher, Radiologist of Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Therapy, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Radiology </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-8551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батыров</surname><given-names>Х. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batyrov</surname><given-names>Kh. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-радиолог лаборатории радиоизотопной диагностики отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии, НИИ клинической и экспериментальной радиологии</p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, Radiologist of Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Therapy, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Radiology </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-0772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пароконная</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parokonnaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник хирургического отделения № 15 (комбинированного лечения опухолей молочной железы), НИИ клинической онкологии</p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, DSc, Senior Researcher, Department of Surgery № 15 (Combination Treatment of Breast Cancer), Research Institute of Clinical Oncology </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-685X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Билик</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bilik</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-радиолог лаборатории радиоизотопной диагностики отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии НИИ клинической и экспериментальной радиологии</p><p>SPIN-код: 4653-5942</p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, Radiologist of Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Therapy, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Radiology </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7678-1454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> врач-радиолог лаборатории радиоизотопной диагностики отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии, НИИ клинической и экспериментальной радиологии</p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, Radiologist of Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Therapy, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Radiology </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-7646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Светлякова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svetlyakova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор лаборатории радиоизотопной диагностики отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии, НИИ клинической и экспериментальной радиологии</p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, Clinical Resident of Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Therapy, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Radiology </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1632-351X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пронин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pronin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии, заведующий отделением позитронной эмиссионной томографии</p><p>Россия, 115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Nuclear Medicine Imagine and Therapy, Head of the Department of Positron Emission Tomography </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Highway, 115478, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Николаева Е.А., Крылов А.С., Рыжков А.Д., Батыров Х.Х., Пароконная А.А., Билик М.Е., Захарова Т.В., Светлякова А.В., Пронин А.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Николаева Е.А., Крылов А.С., Рыжков А.Д., Батыров Х.Х., Пароконная А.А., Билик М.Е., Захарова Т.В., Светлякова А.В., Пронин А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikolaeva E.A., Krylov A.S., Ryzhkov A.D., Batyrov K.K., Parokonnaya A.A., Bilik M.E., Zakharova T.V., Svetlyakova A.V., Pronin A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2080">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2080</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – сравнить диагностическую эффективность планарной сцинтиграфии, ОФЭКТ (в т. ч. ОФЭКТ/КТ) и интраоперационной радиометрии с помощью гамма-зонда в обнаружении сторожевых лимфатических узлов (СЛУ) у пациенток с раком молочной железы.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 200 пациенток с диагностированным раком молочной железы, которым была проведена биопсия СЛУ в период 2020–21 гг. Для идентификации СЛУ всем пациенткам за сутки до операции проводилась лимфосцинтиграфия с коллоидным радиофармпрепаратом Технефит, меченным 99mtc. Планарная лимфосцинтиграфия была проведена 200 пациенткам, включенным в исследование, у 181 проведен досмотр в объеме ОФЭКТ или ОФЭКТ/КТ (147 и 34 исследования соответственно). Интраоперационно производилась детекция СЛУ с помощью портативного гамма-зонда (n=200). Последующее гистологическое исследование определяло наличие лимфоидной ткани и статус удаленного СЛУ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Сторожевые лимфоузлы обнаружены при комплексном исследовании (планарные и томографические исследования) у всех 200 (100 %) пациенток, при этом на планарной сцинтиграфии не было визуализировано ни одного СЛУ в 6 (3 %) случаях, но при досмотре в томографическом режиме они были определены. Также при томографии в отдельных случаях определялись дополнительные СЛУ, которые были не учтены при планарном исследовании. В 95 % случаев СЛУ локализовались в аксиллярной области. Все неаксиллярные СЛУ были идентифицированы на томограммах. Чувствительность ОФЭКТ при обнаружении СЛУ составила 100 % (ДИ 98,0–100 %), что превышает чувствительность планарной сцинтиграфии (97,0 %, ДИ 96,5–97,4 %) и гамма-зонда (97,0 %, ДИ 96,1–97,4 %). Значения ППЦ также высоки – 99,5 % (ДИ 99,0–100 %) для планарной сцинтиграфии, 99,5 % (ДИ 98,6–100 %) для гамма-зонда и 98,3 % (ДИ 95,2–99,7 %) для ОФЭКТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Радионуклидная визуализация СЛУ с лимфотропным РФП у пациенток с раком молочной железы является эффективным и надежным методом навигации при хирургическом вмешательстве для выполнения биопсии. ОФЭКТ и ОФЭКТ/КТ позволяют идентифицировать большее количество лимфоузлов, чем планарная сцинтиграфия, улучшая их анатомическую локализацию и снижая частоту ложноотрицательных результатов. Диагностическая эффективность ОФЭКТ/КТ и ОФЭКТ предположительно превосходит планарную лимфосцинтиграфию и интраоперационную навигацию в выявлении СЛУ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. To determine and compare the diagnostic efficacy of planar scintigraphy, SPECT (including SPECT/CT) and intraoperative gamma probe radiometry in the detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in patients with breast cancer.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 200 patients with diagnosed breast cancer who underwent SLN biopsy in the period 2020–2021. To identify SLN s, all patients underwent lymphoscintigraphy with a 99mtc-labeled colloidal radiopharmaceutical one day before surgery. Planar lymphoscintigraphy was performed on 200 patients included into the study, 181 underwent examination in the volume of SPECT or SPECT/CT (147 and 34 studies, respectively). The SLN was detected intraoperatively using a portable gamma probe (n=200). Subsequent histological examination determined the presence of lymphoid tissue and the status of the removed SLN.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. SLN were detected in a comprehensive study (planar and tomographic studies) in all 200 patients studied (100 %), while planar scintigraphy did not visualize any SLN in 6 (3 %) cases, but they were determined during examination in tomographic mode. Also, in some cases, additional SLN were determined during tomography, which were not considered in the planar study. In 95 % of cases, SLN were localized in the axillary region. All non-axillary slns were identified on tomograms. The sensitivity of SPECT for SLN detection was 100 % (ci 98.0–100 %), which was higher than the sensitivity of planar scintigraphy and gamma probe (97.0 %, ci 96.5–97.4 % and 97.0 %, ci 96.1–97.4 %, respectively). The PPV values were also high (99.5 %, ci 99.0–100 % for planar scintigraphy, 99.5 %, ci 98.6–100 % for gamma probe and 98.3 %, ci 95.2–99.7 % for SPECT.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Nuclear medicine imaging of sln with lymphotropic radiopharmaceuticals in patients with breast cancer is an effective and reliable method of navigation during surgery to perform a biopsy. SPECT and SPECT/CT can identify more lymph nodes than planar scintigraphy, improving their anatomical localization, and reducing the false negative rate. The diagnostic performance of SPECT/CT and SPECT is believed to be superior to that of planar lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative navigation in detecting SLN.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сторожевые лимфатические узлы</kwd><kwd>биопсия</kwd><kwd>планарная лимфосцинтиграфия</kwd><kwd>ОФЭКТ/КТ</kwd><kwd>гамма-зонд</kwd><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sentinel lymph nodes</kwd><kwd>biopsy</kwd><kwd>planar lymphoscintigraphy</kwd><kwd>spect/ct</kwd><kwd>gamma probe</kwd><kwd>breast cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen S.L. Surgical Lymphadenectomy: The Impact of Sentinel Node Mapping in Breast Cancer. Crit Rev Oncog. 2016; 21(1–2): 19–23. doi: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2016016174.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen S.L. 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