oncotomskСибирский онкологический журналSiberian journal of oncology1814-48612312-3168Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.21294/1814-4861-2022-21-2-143-149oncotomsk-2099Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМетоды создания моделей рака мочевого пузыря и их применение в доклинических исследованиях (обзор литературы)Methods of creation of bladder cancer models and their application in preclinical studies (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3001-0675КамаеваИ. А.KamaevaI. A.

врач-ординатор

SPIN-код: 8953-3351

 Россия, 344037, ул. 14 Линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону 

 MD, Resident Doctor

63, 14 Line St., 344037, Rostov-On-Don, Russia

inkamaeva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0676-0871ГончароваА. С.GoncharovaA. S.

 кандидат биологических наук, заведующая отделением «Испытательный лабораторный центр»

SPIN-код: 7512-2039

 Россия, 344037, ул. 14 Линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону 

 PhD, Head of Department «Testing Laboratory Center 

63, 14 Line St., 344037, Rostov-On-Don, Russia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-6199ЛукбановаЕ. А.LukbanovaE. A.

научный сотрудник

SPIN-код: 4078-4200

Россия, 344037, ул. 14 Линия, 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону 

 Researcher 

63, 14 Line St., 344037, Rostov-On-Don, Russia

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia Russian Federation202208052022212143149Copyright © Камаева И.А., Гончарова А.С., Лукбанова Е.А., 20222022Камаева И.А., Гончарова А.С., Лукбанова Е.А.Kamaeva I.A., Goncharova A.S., Lukbanova E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2099Цель исследования

Цель исследования. Обобщение имеющихся данных о методах создания моделей рака мочевого пузыря для их использования в доклинических исследованиях.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Поиск соответствующих источников производился в системах Elibrary, Pubmed, Googlescholar, CyberLeninka. Количество иностранных источников составило свыше 80 %.

Результаты

Результаты. В обзоре отображены современные данные о различных моделях рака мочевого пузыря и их применении в практике. Патофизиология рака мочевого пузыря, определение диагностических маркеров, а также разработка новых методов терапии являются одними из основных задач современной онкоурологии. Для решения подобных проблем зачастую необходимо проведение доклинических исследований с использованием экспериментальных моделей.

Заключение

Заключение. Модели РМП, способные полностью воспроизводить заболевание человека с точки зрения гистологии и поведения, необходимы для изучения факторов, участвующих в инициации, прогрессии опухоли и ее метастазировании. Для этого в настоящее время используют различные экспериментальные модели. Наиболее широко применяют ксенографты опухолей человека на мышах, т.к. они позволяют воспроизвести основные патофизиологические особенности биологии многих злокачественных новообразований. Кроме того, модели трансплантируемых опухолей могут быть использованы для изучения многоступенчатых каскадов канцерогенеза, прогрессирования рака мочевого пузыря (РМП), метастазирования, а также изучения новых способов терапии. Однако необходимо четко представлять все плюсы и минусы выбираемых экспериментальных моделей. В литературном обзоре представлены современные данные зарубежных и отечественных авторов об этиопатогенезе рака мочевого пузыря, результаты доклинических исследований на различных экспериментальных моделях, включая ортотопические и гетеротопические ксенографты.

Purpose of the study to summarize available data on methods for creating bladder cancer models for their application in preclinical studies.

Material and methods

Material and methods. A systematic literature search was conducted in the Elibrary, Pubmed, Googlescholar, CyberLeninka databases.

Results

Results. The review shows current data on various bladder cancer models and their application in practice. Bladder cancer pathology, identification of diagnostic markers and the development of new therapies are of the main challenges facing the management of bladder cancer. To solve these problems, it is often necessary to conduct preclinical studies using experimental models.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Bladder cancer models that can fully reproduce a human disease in terms of histology and behavior are necessary to study the factors involved in cancer development, progression and metastasis. For this, various experimental models are currently used. Human tumor xenografts in mice are widely used. They can reproduce the main pathophysiological features of cancer biology. However, it is necessary to clearly present all the pros and cons of the selected experimental models. The literature review presents modern data on the etiology of bladder cancer, results of preclinical studies on various experimental models, including orthotopic and heterotopic xenografts.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.