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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2022-21-4-124-136</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-2248</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Поляризация макрофагов: механизмы, маркеры и факторы индукции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polarization of macrophages: mechanisms, markers and factors of induction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5121-2535</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федоров Антон Андреевич - аспирант лаборатории молекулярной онкологии и иммунологии, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории биологии опухолевой прогрессии.</p><p>634009, Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5.</p><p>SPIN-код: 1315-8100. Researcher ID (WOS): AAG-8911-2020. Author ID (Scopus): 57211136209.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton A. Fedorov - Postgraduate, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>5, Kooperativny St., 634050, Tomsk.</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): AAG-8911-2020. Author ID (Scopus): 57211136209.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton.fedorov.2014@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-5976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермак</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermak</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ермак Никита Андреевич - студент 6-го курса.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Ermak - 6th year student, Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-0092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геращенко</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerashchenko</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геращенко Татьяна Сергеевна - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории биологии опухолевой прогрессии.</p><p>634009, Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5.</p><p>SPIN-код: 7900-9700. Researcher ID (WOS): A-7011-2014. Author ID (Scopus): 55948412900.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana S. Gerashchenko - PhD, Researcher of the Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>5, Kooperativny St., 634050, Tomsk.</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): A-7011-2014. Author ID (Scopus): 55948412900.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5674-0177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топольницкий</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Topolnitskii</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Топольницкий Евгений Богданович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры хирургии с курсом мобилизационной подготовки и медицины катастроф, СибГМУ Минздрава России; заведующий хирургическим торакальным отделением, Томская ОКБ.</p><p>634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2; 634063, Томск, ул. Ивана Черных, 96.</p><p>SPIN-код: 6744-9541. Researcher ID (WOS): T-5818-2018. Author ID (Scopus): 35197267200.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii B. Topolnitskii - MD, Professor of the Department of Surgery with a Course of Mobilization Training and Disaster Medicine, Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Head of the Department Thoracic Surgery, Tomsk Regional Clinical Hospital.</p><p>2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050; 96, Ivana Chernykh St., 634063, Tomsk.</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): T-5818-2018. Author ID (Scopus): 35197267200.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0011-8370</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шефер</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shefer</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шефер Николай Анатольевич - кандидат медицинских наук, врач-онколог.</p><p>634009, Томск, пр. Ленина, 115.</p><p>SPIN-код: 3662-7399. Author ID (Scopus): 57211683932.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay A. Shefer - MD, PhD, Oncologist of the Surgery Department, Tomsk Regional Oncology Center.</p><p>115, Lenina Ave., 634009, Tomsk.</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 57211683932.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-8986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионов</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionov</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Родионов Евгений Олегович - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения торакальной онкологии, Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии, Томский НИМЦ РАН; ассистент кафедры онкологии, СибГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>634009, Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5; 634050, Томск, Московский тракт, 2.</p><p>SPIN-код: 7650-2129. Researcher ID (WOS): B-7280-2017. Author ID (Scopus): 57189622130.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii O. Rodionov - MD, PhD, Senior Researcher of the Thoracic Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences; Assistant of the Department of Oncology, Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>5, Kooperativny St., 634050, Tomsk; 2, Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050.</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): B-7280-2017. Author ID (Scopus): 57189622130.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0601-2240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стахеева</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stakheyeva</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стахеева Марина Николаевна - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной онкологии и иммунологии.</p><p>634009, Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5.</p><p>SPIN-код: 7804-0361. Researcher ID (WOS): C-6184-2012. Author ID (Scopus): 6505941716.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina N. Stakheyeva - MD, DSc, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>5, Kooperativny St., 634050, Tomsk.</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): C-6184-2012. Author ID (Scopus): 6505941716.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Томская областная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Tomsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Томский областной онкологический диспансер</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tomsk Regional Oncology Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук; Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федоров А.А., Ермак Н.А., Геращенко Т.С., Топольницкий Е.Б., Шефер Н.А., Родионов Е.О., Стахеева М.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федоров А.А., Ермак Н.А., Геращенко Т.С., Топольницкий Е.Б., Шефер Н.А., Родионов Е.О., Стахеева М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorov A.A., Ermak N.A., Gerashchenko T.S., Topolnitskii E.B., Shefer N.A., Rodionov E.O., Stakheyeva M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2248">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2248</self-uri><abstract><p>Макрофаги являются ключевыми компонентами врожденной иммунной системы. Вариативность участия макрофагов в различных патологических процессах, определяемая их функциональной поляризацией, открывает широкую перспективу для модуляции их функционального профиля для использования в терапевтических целях. Цель исследования – предоставить современные данные о процессе поляризации макрофагов, механизмах его регуляции, маркерах поляризации и факторах индукции. Материал и методы. Проведен поиск доступных литературных источников, опубликованных в базах данных Web of Science, Scopus и др. Найдено более 160 источников, посвященных изучению процесса поляризации макрофагов, из которых 121 включен в данный обзор. Результаты. В обзоре представлены данные о молекулярных механизмах и генных сигнатурах, ассоциированных с М1- и М2- поляризацией макрофагов, информация о метаболических, фенотипических признаках и цитокиновом профиле М1- и М2-макрофагов, а также освещены данные о факторах поляризации и мишенях их воздействия. Заключение. Представленные в обзоре сведения могут послужить информационной базой для разработки экспериментальных и клинических подходов для редактирования функционального профиля макрофагов с целью управления патологическими процессами с их участием.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Macrophages  are  key  components  of  the  innate  immune  system. The  variability  of  the  macrophage’s participation in tumor progression, determined by their functional polarization, opens up a wide prospect for modulating their functional profile, primarily in the direction of increasing antitumor activity. The purpose of the study was to provide up-to-date data on the process of macrophage polarization, mechanisms of its regulation, polarization markers and induction factors. Material and methods. A search was made for available literature sources published in Web of Science, Scopus and other databases. more than 160 sources devoted to the study of the process of macrophage polarization were found, of which 121 were included in this review. Results. This review presents data on the molecular mechanisms and gene signatures associated with M1 and M2 polarization of macrophages. We displayed information on metabolic, phenotypic characteristics and cytokine profile of M1- and M2-macrophages, as well as highlighted data on polarization factors and targets of their action. Conclusion. The information presented in the review can serve as an information base for the development of experimental and clinical approaches for editing the functional profile of macrophages in order to control their involvement in various pathological processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>пластичность</kwd><kwd>факторы поляризация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>plasticity</kwd><kwd>polarization factors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Обзор выполнен при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ 20-315-90055.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-315-90055.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wynn T.A., Chawla A., Pollard J.W. Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease. 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