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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2022-21-6-124-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-2384</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Химиолучевая терапия локализованного колоректального рака: взгляд со стороны</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chemoradiation therapy for localized colorectal cancer: a view from the outside</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахметзянов</surname><given-names>Ф. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmetzyanov</surname><given-names>F. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахметзянов Фоат Шайхутдинович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой онкологии, лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии, 420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 49;</p><p>руководитель лечебно-диагностического корпуса № 2, 420029, г. Казань, ул. Сибирский Тракт, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Foat Sh. Akhmetzyanov, MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Oncology, Radiation Diagnostics and Radiation Therapy, 49, Butlerov St., 420012, Kazan;</p><p>Head of Treatment and Diagnostic Building No. 2, 29, Sibirsky Trakt St., 420029, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егоров Василий Иванович, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры онкологии, лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии, 420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 49;</p><p>врач-онколог, 420029, г. Казань, ул. Сибирский Тракт, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily I. Egorov, MD, PhD, teaching assistant of the Department of Oncology, Radiation Diagnostics and Radiation Therapy, 49, Butlerov St., 420012, Kazan;</p><p>oncologist, 29, Sibirsky Trakt St., 420029, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулганиева</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulganieva</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдулганиева Гузель Радиковна, врач-ординатор кафедры психиатрии и судебно-психиатрической экспертизы,</p><p>420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 36;</p><p>420012, г. Казань, ул. Николая Ершова, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guzel R. Abdulganieva, resident physician of the Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Psychiatric Expertise,</p><p>36, Butlerova St., 420029, Kazan;</p><p>49, Nikolai Ershov St., 420012, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agizum9@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер Министерства здравоохранения Республики Татарстан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Republican Clinical Oncology Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГАУЗ «Республиканская клиническая психиатрическая больница им. Акад. В.М. Бехтерева Минздрава России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
V.M. Bekhterev Republican Clinical Psychiatric Hospital of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ахметзянов Ф.Ш., Егоров В.И., Абдулганиева Г.Р., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ахметзянов Ф.Ш., Егоров В.И., Абдулганиева Г.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akhmetzyanov F.S., Egorov V.I., Abdulganieva G.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2384">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2384</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Колоректальный рак занимает лидирующие позиции по заболеваемости и смертности от злокачественных опухолей. Выбор вектора терапии локализованного колоректального рака вызывает много дискуссий. Хирургическая резекция прямой кишки, такая как ТМЭ, обычно связана с высоким уровнем послеоперационных осложнений и летальностью. Потенциально интеграция различных вариантов химиотерапии в стандартное лечение локализованного рака прямой кишки может усилить контроль над опухолью с последующим снижением частоты рецидивов и, следовательно, повысить общую и безрецидивную выживаемость. Более того, есть категории пациентов, которым противопоказано оперативное лечение, и для них будет полезнее химиотерапевтический подход. Определенный режим лечения для пациентов пожилого возраста, имеющих отягощенный анамнез, с этим видом рака еще не сформирован, несмотря на то, что средний возраст установления диагноза колоректального рака составляет около 70 лет. Оптимальные рекомендации по лечению этой группы пациентов еще не консолидированы, поэтому этот вопрос остается предметом дискуссий.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Мы рассмотрели альтернативные подходы к терапии локализованного рака прямой кишки и ведению особых групп пациентов с этим диагнозом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведен поиск публикаций в базах данных Pubmed, eLibrary, а также поиск актуальной информации на базе мировых онкологических ассоциаций.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Сравнивая хирургический подход и химиолучевую терапию у пациентов с локализованным раком прямой кишки, отмечено, что в некоторых случаях неоадъювантная терапия может быть полезной, выступая в качестве идеальной альтернативы. Однако такой подход может подойти только для определенных групп пациентов. Кроме того, наблюдение после лечения также должно включать строгий перечень диагностических процедур. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Colorectal cancer is among the most lethal and prevalent malignances in the world. The management of localized colorectal cancer is highly debated. Surgical resection of the rectum, such as total mesenteric excision (TME) is usually associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The integration of various chemotherapy options into the standard treatment of localized rectal cancer could potentially enhance the tumor control with a subsequent reduction in the frequency of recurrence, thus improving overall and disease-free survival. Moreover, there are categories of patients for whom surgical treatment is contraindicated and chemotherapy will be more useful for them. Although rectal cancer is predominantly a disease of older patients, current guidelines do not incorporate optimal treatment recommendations for elderly patients with comorbidities; therefore this issue remains a matter of debate.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. We aimed to consider alternative approaches to the treatment of localized rectal cancer and the management of selected patients with this diagnosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. We searched for publications in the Pubmed, eLibrary databases and up-to-date information on the basis of world cancer associations.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Comparison of surgery with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for localized rectal cancer showed that in some cases neoadjuvant therapy can be useful and successful, acting as an ideal alternative. However, this approach may be suitable for selected patients who meet certain criteria. In addition, a follow-up care after treatment should include a specific range of diagnostic imaging tests. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>локализованный рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>химиолучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>консервативный подход</kwd><kwd>пожилые и соматически осложненные пациенты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>localized rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>chemoradiotherapy</kwd><kwd>nonsurgical approach</kwd><kwd>fragile patients</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Cancer Society [Internet]. Cancer Facts &amp; Figures. URL: https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-andstatistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-fgures/2019/cancer-facts-and-fgures2019.pdf. [cited 2020 Aug 10].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Cancer Society [Internet]. Cancer Facts &amp; Figures. 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