oncotomskСибирский онкологический журналSiberian journal of oncology1814-48612312-3168Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-1-128-140oncotomsk-2439Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSАлопеция в онкологии: практическое значение фундаментальных исследованийAlopecia in oncology: the practical significance of fundamental researchhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9681-672XСтаноевичИ. В.StanoevichI. V.

Cтаноевич Ирина Васильевна, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры онкологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; врач акушер-гинеколог отдела эндокринной хирургии Института клинической эндокринологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии» Минздрава России

305004, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, 3,

117292, г. Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, 11

SPIN-код: 2977-8789

Irina V. Stanoevich, MD, DSc, Professor of the Department of Oncology, Kursk State Medical University; ObstetricianGynecologist, Endocrinology Research Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia

3, Karl Marx St., 305004, Kursk,

113, Dmitry Ulyanov St., Moscow, 117292

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3841-4164ХвостовойВ. В.KhvostovoyV. V.

Хвостовой Владимир Владимирович, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой онкологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; врач-онколог отделения опухолей кожи, костей и мягких тканей, ОБУЗ «Курский онкологический научно-клинический центр им. Г.Е. Островерхова»

305004, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, 3,

305524, г. Курск, ул. Елисеева, 1

Vladimir V. Khvostovoi, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Oncology, Kursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Oncologist of the Department of Skin, Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, G.E. Ostroverkhov Kursk Cancer Research and Clinical Center

3, Karl Marx St., 305004, Kursk,

1, Eliseeva St., 305524, Kursk

vvkhvostovoi@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1606-2380ТишинаЕ. И.TishinaE. I.

Тишина Екатерина Игоревна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры дерматовенерологии

305004, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, 3

SPIN-код: 6809-9096

Ekaterina I. Tishina, MD, PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Dermatology and Venerology

3, Karl Marx St., 305004, Kursk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-5567ДьячковаВ. И.DyachkovaV. I.

Дьячкова Виктория Игоревна, студентка 6-го курса лечебного факультета, ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России

305004, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, 3,

305524, г. Курск, ул. Елисеева, 1

Victoria. I. Dyachkova, 6th year student of the Faculty of Medicine, Kursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia

3, Karl Marx St., 305004, Kursk,

1, Eliseeva St., 305524, Kursk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-5611ПетроченкоД. В.PetrochenkoD. V.

Петроченко Дмитрий Владимирович, аспирант кафедры онкологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; врач-онколог круглосуточного стационара противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии, ОБУЗ «Курский онкологический научно-клинический центр им. Г.Е. Островерхова»

305004, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, 3,

305524, г. Курск, ул. Елисеева, 1

SPIN-код: 1102-0684

Dmitry V. Petrochenko, Postgraduate at the Department of Oncology, Kursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Oncologist of the Hospital for Antitumor Drug Therapy, G.E. Ostroverkhov Kursk Cancer Research and Clinical Center

3, Karl Marx St., 305004, Kursk,

1, Eliseeva St., 305524, Kursk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-2665БыкановаА. М.BykanovaA. M.

Быканова Анна Михайловна, ассистент кафедры онкологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; врач-онколог круглосуточного стационара противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии, ОБУЗ «Курский онкологический научно-клинический центр им. Г.Е. Островерхова»

305004, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, 3,

305524, г. Курск, ул. Елисеева, 1

Anna M. Bykanova, Assistant Department of Oncology, Kursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Oncologist of the Hospital for Antitumor Drug Therapy, G.E. Ostroverkhov Kursk Cancer Research and Clinical Center

3, Karl Marx St., 305004, Kursk,

1, Eliseeva St., 305524, Kursk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7792-3290СилинаЛ. В.SilinaL. V.

Силина Лариса Вячеславовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой онкологии

305004, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, 3

SPIN-код: 6403-4560

Larisa. V. Silina, MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Dermatology and Venerology

3, Karl Marx St., 305004, Kursk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9057-6227СтаноевичУ. С.StanoevichU. S.

Станоевич Углеша Спасоевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры онкологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; главный врач, ОБУЗ «Курский онкологический научно-клинический центр им. Г.Е. Островерхова» комитета здравоохранения

305004, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, 3,

305524, г. Курск, ул. Елисеева, 1

SPIN-код: 8988-3420

Uglesha S. Stanoevich, MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Oncology, Kursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Head Physician of Endocrinology Research Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia

3, Karl Marx St., 305004, Kursk,

1, Eliseeva St., 305524, Kursk

ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияKursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Endocrinology Research Centre of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ОБУЗ «Курский онкологический научно-клинический центр им. Г.Е. Островерхова» комитета здравоохранения Курской областиРоссияKursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia; G.E. Ostroverkhov Kursk Cancer Research and Clinical CenterRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияKursk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation202323022023221128140Copyright © Станоевич И.В., Хвостовой В.В., Тишина Е.И., Дьячкова В.И., Петроченко Д.В., Быканова А.М., Силина Л.В., Станоевич У.С., 20232023Станоевич И.В., Хвостовой В.В., Тишина Е.И., Дьячкова В.И., Петроченко Д.В., Быканова А.М., Силина Л.В., Станоевич У.С.Stanoevich I.V., Khvostovoy V.V., Tishina E.I., Dyachkova V.I., Petrochenko D.V., Bykanova A.M., Silina L.V., Stanoevich U.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2439

Цель исследования ‒ отразить современное представление о частоте, молекулярных механизмах, средствах преодоления алопеции у онкологических пациентов с учетом последних фундаментальных данных о физиологии волосяного фолликула и профиле токсичности противоопухолевых средств.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Проведен поиск доступных литературных источников, опубликованных в базах данных Medline, Pubmed и др. Найдено более 200 работ, посвященных изучению алопеции, из которых 42 были включены в данный обзор.

Результаты

Результаты. Облысение является одним из наиболее частых токсических эффектов лекарственного лечения больных злокачественными новообразованиями. Частота и молекулярный механизм развития алопеции связаны с фармакологическими особенностями схемы лечения, исходным нутритивным и преморбидным фоном пациента, а также предрасполагающими генетическими полиморфизмами, участвующими в лекарственном превращении и выведении. Очаговое или диффузное облысение может явиться и первым признаком злокачественного роста в рамках паранеопластического синдрома, первичного или метастатического поражения кожи волосистой части головы или быть проявлением нутритивной недостаточности. Облысение негативно сказывается на психо-эмоциональном состоянии пациентов, усугубляя депрессивные расстройства, тревожность, снижая самооценку и приверженность лечению. Профилактика или быстрое преодоление алопеции могут существенно повысить качество жизни пациентов. Наибольшую доказательную базу по профилактической эффективности в настоящее время имеет охлаждение кожи головы с помощью электронных охлаждающих шапочек.

Заключение

Заключение. Необходимо продолжать фундаментальные и прикладные исследования по изучению средств профилактики и лечения алопеции у онкологических пациентов.

Purpose

Purpose. To reflect the current understanding of the frequency, molecular mechanisms, and means of overcoming alopecia in cancer patients, taking into account the fundamental data of recent years on the physiology of the hair follicle and the pharmacological profile of the toxicity of anticancer drugs.

Material and Methods

Material and Methods. A literature search using Medline, Pubmed, etc. databases was carried out. More than 200 publications devoted to the study of alopecia were found, of which 42 were included in this review.

Results

Results. Chemotherapy-induced hair loss is a common adverse effect in cancer patients undergoing treatment. The frequency and molecular mechanism of the development of alopecia are related to the pharmacological features of the drug-based treatments, initial nutritional premorbid status, and predisposing polymorphisms of genes involved in drug conversion and excretion. Focal or diffuse alopecia may be the first sign of malignant growth within the paraneoplastic syndrome, primary or metastatic malignancies of the scalp, or be a manifestation of nutritional insufficiency. Baldness negatively affects the psycho-emotional state of patients, exacerbating depressive disorders, anxiety, reducing self-esteem and adherence to treatment. Thus, prevention or rapid overcoming of alopecia can significantly improve the quality of life of cancer patients. The use of scalp cooling or ‘cold caps’ is proven to be an effective way of combating chemotherapy-induced hair loss.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Further studies are needed to prevent and treat alopecia in cancer patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.