oncotomskСибирский онкологический журналSiberian journal of oncology1814-48612312-3168Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-3-125-133oncotomsk-2591Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSРоль компьютерной томографии в диагностике саркопенииRole of computed tomography in sarcopenia detectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7827-2741ШебероваЕ. В.SheberovaE. V.

Шеберова Елизавета Викторовна – врач.

249031, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10

Elizaveta V. Sheberova - MD, Radiologist, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.

10, Marshal Zhukov St., 249031, Obninsk

lisa_iroshnikova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-0565СилантьеваН. К.SilantevaN. K.

Силантьева Наталья Константиновна - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.

249031, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10

Natalya K. Silanteva - MD, DSc, Leading Researcher, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.

10, Marshal Zhukov St., 249031, Obninsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9971-3451АгабабянТ. А.AgababianT. A.

Агабабян Татев Артаковна - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением.

249031, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10

Tatev A. Agababian - MD, PhD, Head of the Department, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.

10, Marshal Zhukov St., 249031, Obninsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3752-3107ПотаповА. Л.PotapovA. L.

Потапов Александр Леонидович - доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением.

249031, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10

Aleksandr L. Potapov - MD, Professor, Head of the Department, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.

10, Marshal Zhukov St., 249031, Obninsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3752-3107НевольcкиxА. А.NevolskikhA. A.

Невольских Алексей Алексеевич - доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по лечебной работе.

249031, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10

Aleksey A. Nevolskikh - MD, DSc Deputy Director, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.

10, Marshal Zhukov St., 249031, Obninsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-6032ИвановС. А.IvanovS. A.

Иванов Сергей Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, член-корреспондент РАН, директор, МРНЦ им. А.Ф. Цыба - филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России; профессор кафедры онкологии и рентгенорадиологии им. В.П. Харченко, ФГАОУ ВО «РУДН».

249031, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10; 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6

Author ID (Scopus): 16070399200

Sergey A. Ivanov - MD, DSc, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; Professor of Chair of Oncology and Radiology named after Kharchenko, RUDN University.

10, Marshal Zhukov St., 249031, Obninsk; 6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198

Author ID (Scopus): 16070399200

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415КапринА. Д.KaprinA. D.

Каприн Андрей Дмитриевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой онкологии и рентгенорадиологии им. В.П. Харченко, ФГАОУ ВО «РУДН»; директор, МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена - филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России; генеральный директор, ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России.

117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6; 125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3; 249036, Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4

Andrej D. Kaprin - MD, DSc, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Chair of Oncology and Radiology named after Kharchenko, RUDN University; Director, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; Director General, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.

6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198; 3, 2nd Botkinsky proezd, 125284, Moscow; 4, Koroleva St., 249036, Obninsk

Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба - филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияA. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the RussiaRussian FederationМедицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба - филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»РоссияA. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; RUDN UniversityRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»; Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена - филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияRUDN University; P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the RussiaRussian Federation202328062023223125133Copyright © Шеберова Е.В., Силантьева Н.К., Агабабян Т.А., Потапов А.Л., Невольcкиx А.А., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д., 20232023Шеберова Е.В., Силантьева Н.К., Агабабян Т.А., Потапов А.Л., Невольcкиx А.А., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д.Sheberova E.V., Silanteva N.K., Agababian T.A., Potapov A.L., Nevolskikh A.A., Ivanov S.A., Kaprin A.D.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2591

Цель исследования - обобщение имеющихся данных о значимости компьютерной томографии для выявления саркопении в клинической практике, в частности у онкологических больных. Материал и методы. Поиск соответствующих источников производился в системах Medline, Scopus, Pubmed, Elibrary, включались публикации с 2008 по 2022 г. Найдено более 100 зарубежных и российских публикаций, из которых 45 источников включены в данный литературный обзор. Результаты. Согласно Европейскому консенсусу, под саркопенией понимают сложный клинический синдром, который включает в себя уменьшение мышечной массы тела, снижение функций мышц. В основе саркопении лежит комплекс возрастных и нейрогуморальных изменений, нарушение питания. Трудно переоценить значение саркопении, так как она является одним из пяти основных факторов риска заболеваемости и смертности людей старше 65 лет. Саркопения часто встречается при воспалительных заболеваниях, злокачественных новообразованиях, при органной недостаточности. По мнению большинства исследователей, золотой стандарт неинвазивного определения количества мышц - это КТ, которая является достоверным методом количественного анализа, что показано в работе, основанной на сравнении количественной оценки по данным КТ различных групп мышц с объемом мышц, измеренных на трупных тканях. Анализ литературы показал, что саркопения является важной клинической проблемой современной онкологии. Ее наличие негативным образом влияет на прогноз заболевания и качество жизни пациентов. В основе развития данного патологического состояния лежат изменения метаболизма, обусловленные влиянием опухоли и проводимого лечения, в результате чего деградация мышечного белка начинает преобладать над его синтезом. Заключение. Учитывая большую распространенность и прогностическую значимость саркопении в онкологии, становится очевидной необходимость ее ранней диагностики и последующего лечения. Использование данных рутинных КТ-исследований, проводимых в повседневной практике для диагностики саркопении, позволит найти возможные причины, определить вероятность рисков и тактику лечения на раннем этапе, когда терапия может быть наиболее эффективной.

The study aimed to summarize the available data on the role of computed tomography in sarcopenia detection in cancer patients. Material and Methods. A literature search was conducted in the Medline, Scopus, Pubmed, and Elibrary systems. More than 100 articles published in 2008-2022 were analyzed. We included 45 articles in this review. Results. According to the European Consensus, sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength due to age-related, neurohumoral changes, malnutrition or muscle catabolism. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of sarcopenia, since this syndrome is one of the five main risk factors for morbidity and mortality in people over 65 years of age. Sarcopenia is mainly observed in inflammatory diseases, malignancy or organ failure. According to most researchers, CT is considered the gold standard method to assess muscle mass and quality. It is a reliable method for quantitative analysis, which was shown in a study based on the comparison of quantitative assessment of various muscle groups based on CT with muscle volume measured on cadaveric tissues. The purpose of this literature review was to highlight the importance of computed tomography for the detection of sarcopenia in clinical practice. Based on the results of the literature analysis, sarcopenia is still a challenge for modern oncology. Sarcopenia negatively affects the prognosis of the disease and quality of life of cancer patients. Sarcopenia may develop due to metabolic changes caused by cancer treatment, as a result of which the degradation of muscle protein begins to prevail over its synthesis. Conclusion. Given the high prevalence and prognostic significance of sarcopenia in oncology, the need for its early diagnosis and active treatment becomes obvious. The use of routine CT examinations for the diagnosis of sarcopenia will allow us to search for possible causes and optimize treatment, determine the likelihood of risks and determine the treatment strategy at an early stage, when therapy can be most effective.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.