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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-14-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-2673</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная эффективность химиолучевой терапии при плоcкоклеточном раке прямой кишки и анального канала: исследование с псевдорандомизацией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chemoradiotherapy effcacy in squamous cell rectal cancer: a propensity score matched analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5268-2291</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурзо</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murzo</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мурзо Владимир Владимирович, студент программы «Персонализированная медицина», Институт клинической медицины; резидент студенческого научного общества.</p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24;119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Murzo, student of the Personalised Medicine programme, Institute of Clinical Medicine; Resident of the student scientific society </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Shosse, 115522, Moscow;8/2, Trubetskaya St., 119991, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">murzo2012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9303-8379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордеев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordeev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гордеев Сергей Сергеевич, кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник онкологического отделения хирургических методов лечения № 3 (колопроктология); доцент кафедры онкологии, </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24;62502, г. Тюмень, ул. Одесская, 54</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Gordeev, MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Department of Oncology of Surgical Methods of Treatment No 3 (Coloproctology); Associate Professor, Department of Oncology, </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Shosse, 115522, Moscow;54, Odesskaya St., 62502, Tyumen</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3378-1088</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мышляков</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myshlyakov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мышляков Вадим Сергеевич, аспирант кафедры МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова, клиническая база – онкологическое отделение хирургических методов лечения № 3 (колопроктология) </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim S. Myshlyakov, MD, Postgraduate, Department of A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State Medical University, clinical base – Department of Oncology of Surgical Methods of Treatment No 3 (Coloproctology), </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Shosse, 115522, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-1247</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамедли</surname><given-names>З. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamedli</surname><given-names>Z. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мамедли Заман Заурович, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий онкологическим отделением хирургических методов лечения № 3 (колопроктология) </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zaman Z. Mamedli, MD, DSc, Head of the Oncology Department of Surgical Methods of Treatment № 3 (Coloproctology), </p><p>24, Kashirskoye Shosse, 115522, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russia;&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВПО «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russia;&#13;
Tyumen State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мурзо В.В., Гордеев С.С., Мышляков В.С., Мамедли З.З., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мурзо В.В., Гордеев С.С., Мышляков В.С., Мамедли З.З.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Murzo V.V., Gordeev S.S., Myshlyakov V.S., Mamedli Z.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2673">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2673</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Спорадические случаи регистрации плоскоклеточного рака прямой кишки (пРПК) не позволяют охарактеризовать агрессивность этой опухоли и ее ответ на химиолучевую терапию по сравнению с более распространенными плоскоклеточными образованиями, в частности плоскоклеточным раком анального канала (пРАК). Цель исследования – сравнительная оценка непосредственных и отдаленных результатов проведения химиолучевой терапии у пациентов с пРПК и пРАК. Материал и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включили пациентов с неметастатическим плоскоклеточным раком прямой кишки (пРПК) и плоскоклеточным раком анального канала (пРАК), получавших сходную химиолучевую терапию, и сопоставили их в соотношении 1:1 с применением псевдорандомизации (определение коэффициента склонности с последующим подбором пар) с использованием пакета MatchIt для R. Сопоставляемыми факторами были: пол, возраст, степень дифференцировки опухоли, размер первичного опухолевого узла, метастазы в тазовые лимфоузлы (N). Сравнение динамики ответа опухоли на лечение проводилось путем анализа выживаемости (ОВ и БРВ) методом Каплана–Майера с последующей верификацией по методу Log-Rank, частоты полного ответа через 6 мес. Результаты. Всего было оценено 15 подобранных пар пациентов (совпадение 1:1, n=30). Пациенты обеих групп имели достоверно схожие показатели по полу, возрасту, степени дифференцировки, исходному размеру первичной опухоли, отличаясь лишь по гистологическому подтипу опухоли. В группе пРАК 60 % пациентов имели метастазы в тазовые лимфоузлы, в группе пРПК – 46,67 % (p=1). Медиана наблюдения составила 44 мес. Трехлетняя ОВ у пациентов с пРАК составила 80 %, у пациентов группы пРПК – 78,8 % (p=0,567); 3-летняя БРВ в группе пРАК составила 66,7 %, в группе пРПК – 34,7 % (p=0,406). Частота полного клинического ответа на химиолучевую терапию через 6 мес составила 86,7 % для группы пациентов с пРАК и 46,7 % для группы пациентов с пРПК (p=0,05). Органосохраняющее лечение проведено 93,3 % пациентов с пРАК и 73,3 % пациентов с пРПК (р=0,33). Выводы. Общая и безрецидивная выживаемость не были достоверно снижены у пациентов с пРПК относительно пациентов с пРАК. Это указывает на схожие течение и прогноз этих заболеваний, однако для пРПК характерна достоверно более низкая частота полных клинических ответов на проводимое лечение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Sporadic cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum (rSCC) do not allow a comparative characterization of tumor aggressiveness and its response to chemoradiotherapy in relation to more common squamous cell entities, in particular, anal squamous cell carcinoma (aSCC). Objective: comparative evaluation of the short- and long-term results of chemoradiation therapy in patients with rSCC and aSCC. Material and Methods. In this retrospective study we included patients with nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum (rSCC) and anal canal squamous cell carcinoma (aSCC) who received chemoradiotherapy and compared them in a 1:1 ratio using propensity-score matching. The dynamics of tumor response to treatment were compared by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (OS and RFS) followed by Log-Rank verifcation, rate of complete response after 6 months. Results. A total of 15 pairs of matched patients were evaluated. Patients in both groups had reliably similar sex, age, histological grade, initial primary tumor size, differing only in tumor histological subtype. In the aSCC group, 60 % of patients had metastases to pelvic lymph nodes, while in the rSCC group metastases had 46.67 % (p=1). The median follow-up was 44 months. The 3-year OS in the aSCC group of patients was 76.9 %, and 71.4 % in the rSCC group (p=0.567). The 3-year DFS in the aSCC group was 66.7 %, and in the rSCC group 34.7 % (p=0.406). The rate of achieving complete clinical response to CRT after 6 months was 86.7 % for the aSCC group and only 46.7 % for the rSCC group (p=0.05). Organ-saving treatment was achieved in 93.3 % of aSCC patients and 73.3 % of rSCC patients (p=0.33). Conclusion. Overall and recurrence-free survival rates were not signifcantly decreased for rSCC patients relative to aSCC patients. This indicates a similar course and prognosis in the two diseases, but rSCC is characterized by a signifcantly lower rate of complete response to treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плоскоклеточный рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>плоскоклеточный рак анального канала</kwd><kwd>радикальная химиолучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>псевдорандомизация</kwd><kwd>сравнительная эффективность химиотерапии</kwd><kwd>ретроспективное исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal squamous cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>anal squamous cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>definitive chemoradiotherapy</kwd><kwd>pseudorandomisation</kwd><kwd>сomparative effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy</kwd><kwd>retrospective study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Astaras C., Bornand A., Koessler T. 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