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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-5-60-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-2761</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение кальцитонина и РЭА в пунктате узла щитовидной железы для диагностики медуллярного рака щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Measurement of calcitonin and cea in the needle washout fluid from thyroid nodule for the diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-8459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Северская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Severskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Северская Наталья Викторовна - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением клинической лабораторной диагностики, Author ID (Scopus): 16835640300.</p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Severskaya - MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics. Author ID (Scopus): 16835640300.</p><p>10, marshal Zhukov st., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2622-5641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чеботарева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chebotareva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чеботарева Ирина Викторовна - врач клинико-лабораторной диагностики.</p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Chebotareva - MD, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics.</p><p>10, marshal Zhukov st., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina@mrrc.Obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-4123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Желонкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhelonkina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Желонкина Наталья Викторовна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Zhelonkina - MD, PhD, Senior Researcher.</p><p>10, marshal Zhukov st., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4369-0246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белякова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyakova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белякова Анастасия Сергеевна – врач.</p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia S. Belyakova – MD.</p><p>10, marshal Zhukov st., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-4814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаев</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaev</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исаев Павел Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Isaev - MD, DSc, Leading Researcher.</p><p>10, marshal Zhukov st., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-321X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полькин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polkin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полькин Вячеслав Викторович - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением.</p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav V. Polkin - MD, PhD, Head of Department.</p><p>10, marshal Zhukov st., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-633X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильин Алексей Амурович, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Ilyin - MD, DSc, Leading Researcher.</p><p>10, marshal Zhukov st., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-6032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Сергей Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, член-корреспондент РАН, директор, МРНЦ им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «НМНЦР» МР; профессор кафедры онкологии и рентгенорадиологии им. В.П. Харченко, ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»;  Author ID (Scopus): 16070399200.</p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10; 117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Ivanov - MD, DSc, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director, A. Tsyb MRRC – Branch of the NMRRC of the MHR; Professor of Chair of Oncology and Radiology named after Kharchenko, RUDN University. Author ID (Scopus): 16070399200.</p><p>10, Marshal Zhukov st., Obninsk, 249031; 6, Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каприн</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaprin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каприн Андрей Дмитриевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН и РАО, заведующий кафедрой онкологии и рентгенорадиологии им. В.П. Харченко, ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»; генеральный директор, ФГБУ «НМНЦР» МР.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6; 249036, Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrej D. Kaprin - MD, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Chair of Oncology and Radiology named after Kharchenko, RUDN University; Director General, A. Tsyb MRRC – Branch of the NMRRC of the MHR.</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198; 4, Koroleva st., Obninsk, 249036</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministryof Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministryof Health of Russia; RUDN University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUDN University; National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministryof Health of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Северская Н.В., Чеботарева И.В., Желонкина Н.В., Белякова А.С., Исаев П.А., Полькин В.В., Ильин А.А., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Северская Н.В., Чеботарева И.В., Желонкина Н.В., Белякова А.С., Исаев П.А., Полькин В.В., Ильин А.А., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Severskaya N.V., Chebotareva I.V., Zhelonkina N.V., Belyakova A.S., Isaev P.A., Polkin V.V., Ilyin A.A., Ivanov S.A., Kaprin A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2761">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2761</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Медуллярный рак щитовидной железы (МРЩЖ) экспрессирует кальцитонин (КТ) и раково-эмбриональный антиген (РЭА). Определение КТ в смыве из иглы после тонкоигольной аспирационной биопсии (ТАБ-КТ) улучшает цитологическую диагностику МРЩЖ. Однако отсутствие рекомендованного порогового значения ТАБ-КТ затрудняет его клиническое использование. Определение РЭА в смыве из иглы (ТАБ-РЭА) при МРЩЖ не изучалось.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить информативность и предложить пороговое значение ТАБ-КТ и ТАБ-РЭА для диагностики МРЩЖ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Ретроспективный анализ 164 образцов смывов из иглы, полученных у 92 пациентов с узлами щитовидной железы, которым проводилась ТАБ с последующим цитологическим исследованием и определением ТАБ-КТ. Гистологически верифицировано 17 МРЩЖ и 41 не-МРЩЖ. 106 узлов, определенных цитологически как не-МРЩЖ, не оперированы. В 29 образцах дополнительно исследовали ТАБ-РЭА. Пороговое значение определяли с помощью Roc-анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Уровень ТАБ-КТ во всех узлах МРЩЖ, кроме одного, был &gt;2000 пг/мл, в одном – 638 пг/мл. В узлах не-МРЩЖ ТАБ-КТ &lt;10 пг/мл – в 81 %, &lt;100 пг/мл – в 90 %, однако у 5 % он был &gt;500 пг/мл и у 2 % &gt;1000 пг/мл. При пороге 590 пг/мл чувствительность и специфичность ТАБ-КТ 100 и 96 %, при пороге 1721 пг/мл – 94 и 99 %. Доля ложноположительных результатов ТАБ-КТ – 3,7 и 1,2 % при пороге 590 и 1721 пг/мл соответственно. Медиана ТАБ-РЭА в МРЩЖ – 59,3 нг/мл, в не-МРЩЖ – 1,5 нг/мл. При пороге ТАБ-РЭА 7,5 нг/мл чувствительность – 86 %, специфичность – 100 %. Дополнительное определение ТАБ-РЭА исключило все ложноположительные результаты ТАБ-КТ, но не выявило МРЩЖ у 2 пациентов с низким ТАБ-РЭА (ложноотрицательные – 6,9 %). Среди образцов с ТАБ-КТ &gt;590 пг/мл и отрицательной цитологией (n=9) ТАБ-РЭА позволил дифференцировать МРЩЖ с 100 % чувствительностью и специфичностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Максимальная чувствительность ТАБ-КТ в узле ЩЖ – при пороге 590 пг/мл (100 %), максимальная специфичность – при пороге 1721 пг/мл (99 %). Главной проблемой ТАБ-КТ является риск ложноположительного результата. Для снижения ложноположительных результатов мы рекомендуем определять ТАБ-РЭА в узлах с отрицательной цитологией и высоким ТАБ-КТ. При пороге 7,5 нг/мл ТАБ-РЭА позволяет исключить все ложноположительные ТАБ-КТ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. medullary thyroid carcinoma (mtc) produces serum markers including calcitonin (ct) and carcinoembryonic antigen (cea). The measurement of ct in fine-needle aspirate washout fluid (FNA-CT) improves the cytological diagnosis of mtc. However, no data are available about cut-off values for FNA-CT using currently immunoassay. The measurement of cea in the needle washout fluid (FNa-cea) in mtc has not been studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the diagnostic value and propose cut-off values for FNA-CT and FNacea in the thyroid nodule to diagnose mtc.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 164 samples of fine-needle aspirate washout fluid collected from 92 patients with thyroid nodules, who underwent FNa followed by cytological examination and measurement of FNA-CT. seventeen cases with mtc and 41 with non-mtc nodules were histologically verified. one hundred and six nodules identified as non-mtc by cytology were not operated on. FNa-cea was additionally studied in 29 samples. The cut-off value was determined by Roc analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The FNA-CT level was &gt;2000 pg/ml in all mtc nodules, except for one, in which the FNA-CT level was 638 pg/ml. In non-mtc nodules, the FNA-CT levels were &lt;10 pg/ml and &lt;100 pg/ml in 81 % and 90 %, respectively, however, it was &gt;500 pg/ml in 5 %, and &gt;1000 pg/ml in 2 %. At a cut-off value of 590 pg/ml, the sensitivity and specificity of FNA-CT were 100 % and 96 %, and at a cut-off of 1721 pg/ml, the corresponding values were 94 % and 99 %. The false positive FNA-CT values were 3.7 % and 1.2 % at the cut-off values of 590 pg/ml and 1721 pg/ml, respectively. The median levels of FNa-cea in mtc and non-mtc nodules were 59.3 ng/ml and 1.5 ng/ml, respectively. At a cut-off value of 7.5 ng/ml, the sensitivity of FNa-cea was 86 % and specificity was 100 %. Additional measurement of FNa-cea prevented all false-positive results of FNA-CT, but did not detect 2 mtcs with low FNa-cea levels (false-negative rate of 6.9 %). Among samples with FNA-CT value of &gt;590 pg/ml and negative cytology (n=9), FNa-cea differentiated mtc with 100 % sensitivity and specificity.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The maximum sensitivity of FNA-CT in the thyroid nodule was at a cut-off value of 590 pg/ml (100 %), the maximum specificity was at a cut-off value of 1721 pg/ml (99 %). Risk of false positive result is the major challenge of FNA-CT. to reduce false-positive results, we recommend to measure FNa-cea in the nodules with negative cytology and high level of FNA-CT. At a cut-off value of 7.5 ng/ml, FNa-cea allows the false-positive FNA-CT to be excluded. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кальцитонин</kwd><kwd>РЭА</kwd><kwd>медуллярный рак щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>узел щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>смыв из иглы</kwd><kwd>тонкоигольная аспирационная биопсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcitonin</kwd><kwd>CEA</kwd><kwd>medullary thyroid carcinoma</kwd><kwd>thyroid nodule</kwd><kwd>needle washout</kwd><kwd>fine needle aspiration biopsy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wells S.A. Jr., Asa S.L., Dralle H., Elisei R., Evans D.B., Gagel R.F., Lee N., Machens A., Moley J.F., Pacini F., Raue F., Frank-Raue K., Robinson B., Rosenthal M.S., Santoro M., Schlumberger M., Shah M., Waguespack S.G.; American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. 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