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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-16-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-2831</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экстранодальный рост в метастазах папиллярного рака щитовидной железы – ультразвуковые критерии диагностики и его клиническое значение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound criteria of extra-nodal extension in papillary thyroid cancer metastases and its clinical signifcance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2773-4197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паршин</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parshin</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паршин Владимир Сергеевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отделения ультразвуковой диагностики и малоинвазивных технологий, </p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir S. Parshin - MD, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics and Minimally Invasive Technologies, </p><p>10, Marshala Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">parshin@mrrc.obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2041-8717</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарбузов</surname><given-names>П. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garbuzov</surname><given-names>P. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарбузов Петр Иванович - кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения радиохирургического лечения открытыми радионуклидами, </p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr I. Garbuzov - MD, PhD, Leading Researcher of the Department of Radiosurgical Treatment with Open Radionuclides,</p><p>10, Marshala Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-321X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полькин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polkin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полькин Вячеслав Викторович - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий  отделением радиохирургического лечения закрытыми радионуклидами, </p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav V. Polkin, MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Radiosurgical Treatment with Closed Radionuclides,</p><p>10, Marshala Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5856-9759</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куприянова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupriyanova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куприянова Екатерина Ивановна - врач патологоанатомического отделения, </p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina I. Kupriyanova - MD, Pathological and Anatomical Department,</p><p>10, Marshala Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-4814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаев</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaev</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исаев Павел Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения радиохирургического лечения закрытыми радионуклидами, </p><p>249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Isaev - MD, DSc, Leading Researcher, Department of Radiosurgical Treatment with Closed Radionuclides,</p><p>10, Marshala Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-6032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Сергей Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, член-корреспондент РАН, директор, 249031, г. Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10;</p><p>профессор кафедры онкологии и рентгенорадиологии им. В.П. Харченко, 117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Ivanov - MD, DSc, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director, 10, Marshala Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249031;</p><p>Professor of Chair of Oncology and Radiology named after Kharchenko, 6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каприн</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaprin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каприн Андрей Дмитриевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН и РАО, заведующий кафедрой онкологии и рентгенорадиологии им. В.П. Харченко,  117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6;</p><p>директор, 125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3;</p><p>генеральный директор, 249036, г. Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrej D. Kaprin - MD, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Chair of Oncology and Radiology named after Kharchenko, 6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198;</p><p>Director, 3, 2nd Botkinsky Drive, Moscow, 125284;</p><p>Director General, 4, Koroleva St., 249036, Obninsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia;&#13;
RUDN University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»;&#13;
Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUDN University;&#13;
P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia;&#13;
National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia, Obninsk;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Паршин В.С., Гарбузов П.И., Полькин В.В., Куприянова Е.И., Исаев П.А., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Паршин В.С., Гарбузов П.И., Полькин В.В., Куприянова Е.И., Исаев П.А., Иванов С.А., Каприн А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Parshin V.S., Garbuzov P.I., Polkin V.V., Kupriyanova E.I., Isaev P.A., Ivanov S.A., Kaprin A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2831">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2831</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – выявить ультразвуковые критерии экстранодального роста в метастазах папиллярного рака щитовидной железы (ПРЩЖ) и оценить его клиническое значение.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проанализированы ультразвуковые признаки экстранодального роста (ЭР) в 283 метастазах ПРЩЖ в лимфатические узлы шеи. Экстранодальный рост диагностирован ультразвуковым методом в 137 метастазах и верифицирован гистологическим исследованием. Микрометастазы, не определяемые ультразвуковым методом, обнаружены у 144 больных; внутриорганные опухоли установлены у 147 больных; внеорганные – у 136; количество метастазов размером до 1 см – 98, более 1 см – 185; больных моложе 55 лет оказалось 151, старше 55 лет – 132. Диагностическая значимость признаков ЭР и их клиническое значение оценены по критерию χ2 Пирсона.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Два ультразвуковых критерия – изменение формы и нечеткость контура в метастазе – свидетельствуют об ЭР. Незначительное число ультразвуковых ложноотрицательных данных указывает на необходимость дальнейших исследований. У больных, имеющих метастазы с ЭР, количество микрометастазов в клетчатке шеи, не определяемых ультразвуковым методом, в 2 раза больше по сравнению с больными, у которых метастазы не имеют ЭР. При метастазах с ЭР количество больных с внутриорганным ростом (T1a,T1b,T2 и T3b) в 2,7 раза меньше по сравнению с больными, имеющими опухоли с внеорганным ростом (T3a,T4a,T4b); ЭР в метастазах любых размеров не зависит от возраста больных.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Ультразвуковой метод позволяет прижизненно выявлять ЭР в метастазах папиллярного рака щитовидной железы. Экстранодальный рост сопровождается значимо большим количеством микрометастазов в клетчатке шеи; он выявляется при внеорганных опухолях; не зависит от размеров и от возраста больных. Экстранодальный рост следует рассматривать как критерий неблагоприятного прогноза.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the research was to identify ultrasound criteria of extranodal extension (ENE) in metastases of papillary thyroid cancer and to evaluate the clinical significance of ENE.</p><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. Ultrasound signs of ENE in 283 cervical lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid cancer were analyzed. Extranodal extension in 137 metastases was diagnosed by ultrasound and verified by histological examination. Micrometastases invisible on ultrasound were detected in 144 patients; metastases located inside the organ were detected in 147 patients; metastases located outside the organ were revealed in 136 patients; the size of 98 metastases was less than 1 cm; the size of 185 metastases was more than 1 cm; the age of 51 patients was under 55 years; 132 patients were older than 55 years. Diagnostic significance of ENE and its clinical significance were estimated according to χ2 Pirson criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Two ultrasound criteria: shape change and blurred margins of metastases indicated the presence of ENE. The small number of ultrasound false-negative findings indicated the need for further research. The number of micrometastases not detected by ultrasound was 2-fold higher in patients who had metastases with ENE than in patients who had metastases without ENE. The number of patients with ENE in metastases inside the organ (T1a, T1b, T2 and T3b) was 2.7 times lower compared to patients with metastases developed outside the organ (T3a, T4a, T4b); ENE was observed in metastases of different size and did not depend on age groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The ultrasound method allows intravital detection of ENE in metastases of papillary thyroid cancer. The extension is accompanied by a significantly high number of micrometastases in the neck tissue. It is detected more often in metastases located outside the organ, regardless of the size and age of the patients. The extra-nodal extension should be considered as a criterion for an unfavorable prognosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>папиллярный рак</kwd><kwd>лимфатические узлы</kwd><kwd>метастазы</kwd><kwd>экстранодальный рост</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>клиническое значение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>papillary cancer</kwd><kwd>lymph nodes</kwd><kwd>metastases</kwd><kwd>extra-nodal extension</kwd><kwd>ultrasound diagnostics</kwd><kwd>clinical significance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mu J.L., Li F.X., Wei X., Xin X.J., Zhang S. 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