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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-74-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-2837</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вариабельность митохондриального генома у больных раком молочной железы в популяции якуток</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variability of the mitochondrial genome in young Yakut patients with breast cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3385-9471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонов</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonov</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тихонов Дмитрий Гаврилович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный  научный сотрудник НИИ здоровья, </p><p>677000, г. Якутск, ул. Белинского, 58</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry G. Tikhonov - MD, Professor, Chief Researcher, Research Institute of Health,</p><p>58, Belinsky St., Yakutsk, 677000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tikhonov.dmitri@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4610-7105</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егоров Андрей Николаевич - лаборант лаборатории клеточных технологий и регенеративной медицины, </p><p>677000, г. Якутск, ул. Белинского, 58</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Egorov - Laboratory Assistant, Laboratory of Cell Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, </p><p>58, Belinsky St., Yakutsk, 677000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7692-9954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубенко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubenko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голубенко Мария Владимировна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории популяционной генетики, </p><p>634050, г. Томск, Набережная реки Ушайки, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Golubenko - PhD, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Population Genetics,</p><p>10, Ushaika River Embankment, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1475-1185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молоков</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molokov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Молоков Алексей Юрьевич - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной онкологии и иммунологии, </p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey Yu. Molokov - Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny St., Tomsk, 634009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белявская</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyavskaya</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белявская Валентина Александровна - доктор биологических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник, </p><p>630559, г. Новосибирск, пос. Кольцово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A. Belyavskaya - Professor, Leading Researcher,</p><p>pos. Koltsovo, Novosibirsk, 630559</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0051-8814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гервас</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gervas</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гервас Полина Анатольевна - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной онкологии и иммунологии, </p><p>634050, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina A. Gervas - MD, PhD, Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology,</p><p>5, Kooperativny St., Tomsk, 634009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-3141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скрябин</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skryabin</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скрябин Николай Алексеевич - кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель лаборатории геномики орфанных болезней,</p><p>634050, г. Томск, Набережная реки Ушайки, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay A. Skryabin - MD, PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Genomics of Orphan Diseases,</p><p>10, Ushaika River Embankment, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М.К. Аммосова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской генетики, Томский национальный&#13;
исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН ГНЦ ВБ «Вектор» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientifc Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тихонов Д.Г., Егоров А.Н., Голубенко М.В., Молоков А.Ю., Белявская В.А., Гервас П.А., Скрябин Н.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тихонов Д.Г., Егоров А.Н., Голубенко М.В., Молоков А.Ю., Белявская В.А., Гервас П.А., Скрябин Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tikhonov D.G., Egorov A.N., Golubenko M.V., Molokov A.Y., Belyavskaya V.A., Gervas P.A., Skryabin N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2837">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2837</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Популяция саха (якуты) – коренное население Сибири, проживающее на территории Якутии, отличается одним из самых низких в мире уровнем заболеваемости раком молочной железы (РМЖ). Низкий уровень заболеваемости РМЖ коренного населения Якутии отмечен в ряде публикаций, но до настоящего времени причины этого явления не до конца выяснены. Следует отметить, что изучение факторов, снижающих риск заболевания РМЖ, имеет важное значение для его профилактики. По результатам ряда исследований, у якутов не обнаружено наследственных форм РМЖ, не найдено патогенных вариантов генов BRCA1/2, ассоциированных с наследственными синдромами РМЖ и рака яичника (РЯ). В связи с этим мы приняли решение сместить акцент на исследование митохондриального генома больных РМЖ саха методом секвенирования.</p><p>Цель исследования – выявить варианты митохондриального генома, ассоциированные с РМЖ, у пациенток саха.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включено 14 пациенток саха с диагнозом РМЖ, средний возраст составил 49 лет. Выделение ДНК осуществляли методом фенол-хлороформной экстракции. ДНК-библиотеки готовили с помощью набора Nextera Flex (Illumina, США). Полногеномное секвенирование митохондриального генома выполнялось на приборе MiSeq (Illumina, США) на базе ЦКП Томского НИМЦ. Полученные результаты у больных РМЖ сравнивались с популяционным контролем.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У женщин саха, больных РМЖ, выявлено 159 вариантов митохондриального генома, отличающихся от референсной последовательностью митохондриальной ДНК (мтДНК) человека (rCRS). Показана ассоциация вероятно патогенных вариантов m.3736G&gt;A гена МТ-ND1 и m.7279T&gt;C гена MT-CO1 с РМЖ. Впервые выявлены варианты, предрасполагающие к РМЖ (m.10398A&gt;G; m.14783T&gt;C; m.15043G&gt;A; m.15301G&gt;A). Особенностью митохондриального генома популяций с низким уровнем заболеваемости РМЖ является высокий уровень вариантов мтДНК с изменением длины полицитозинового участка в локусе D310.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Впервые у женщин с РМЖ из популяции саха выявлены варианты мтДНК с изменением длины полицитозинового тракта в локусе D310 и вероятно патогенные варианты m.3736G&gt;A гена МТ-ND1 и m.7279T&gt;C гена MT-CO1. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о целесообразности дальнейшего изучения роли выявленных вариантов мтДНК в развитии РМЖ на расширенной выборке пациентов саха.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The Sakha (Yakutia) population, the indigenous population of Siberia living in Yakutia, has one of the lowest rates of breast cancer (BC) incidence worldwide. The low BC incidence among the indigenous population of Yakutia has been reported by several authors, but to date the reasons for this phenomenon have not been fully elucidated. It should be noted that the study of factors that reduce the risk of BC is important for its prevention. In several studies, no hereditary BC was found in the Yakuts, and no pathogenic variants of the BRCA1/2 genes associated with hereditary syndromes of breast and ovarian cancers were found. In this regard, we decided to shift the focus to studying the mitochondrial genome of Sakha BC patients using the sequencing method.</p><p>The purpose of the study was to identify BC-associated mitochondrial genome variants in Sakha patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The study included 14 Sakha patients diagnosed with BC. The median age of the patients was 49 years. DNA isolation was performed using phenol-chloroform extraction. DNA libraries were prepared using the Nextera Flex kit (Illumina, USA).Whole-genome sequencing of the mitochondrial genome was performed on a MiSeq instrument (Illuminа, USA). in the Shared Use Centre of the Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The results obtained in BC patients were compared with those of control subjects.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In Sakha women with BC, 159 mitochondrial genome variants that differed from the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) reference sequence (rCRS) were identified. Likely pathogenic variants m.3736G&gt;A of the MT-ND1 gene and m.7279T&gt;C of the MT-CO1 gene were shown to be associated with BC. For the first time, variants predisposing to BC (m.10398A&gt;G; m.14783T&gt;C; m.15043G&gt;A; m.15301G&gt;A) were identified. A distinctive feature of the mitochondrial genome of populations with a low BC incidence is a high level of mtDNA variants with changes in the length of the polycytosine region in the D310 locus.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For the first time, mtDNA variants with changes in the length of the polycytosine tract in the D310 locus and likely pathogenic variants m.3736G&gt;A of the MT-ND1 gene and m.7279T&gt;C of the MT-CO1 gene were identified in Sakha BC women. The data obtained indicate that further studies on the role of the identified mtDNA variants in the development of BC using a larger sample of Sakha patients are required.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>этническая популяция саха</kwd><kwd>варианты митохондриальной ДНК</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование патогенности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>Sakha population</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial DNA variants</kwd><kwd>pathogenicity prediction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант № 22-25-20032). Секвенирование митохондриального генома выполнено на базе Центра коллективного пользования научным оборудованием «Медицинская геномика» Томского НИМЦ</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with fnancial support from the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 22-25- 20032). 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