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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-1-63-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-2965</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предоперационный уровень половых гормонов как предиктор морфологической характеристики злокачественных новообразований яичка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Preoperative level of sex hormones as a predictor (prognostic factor) of the morphological characteristics of testicular malignancies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6323-1987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холбобозода</surname><given-names>Р. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholbobozoda</surname><given-names>R. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Холбобозода Рустам Файзулло - аспирант кафедры урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustam F. Kholbobozoda - MD, Postgraduate, Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology with the course of Oncourology, RUDN University.</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rustam.kholbobozoda@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0792-6012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костин Андрей Александрович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, первый проректор – проректор по научной работе, заведующий кафедрой урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии Медицинского института.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Kostin - MD, Professor, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, first Vice-Rector for research, Head of Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology with course of Oncourology, RUDN University..</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-9533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyev</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьев Николай Владимирович - кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель директора по хирургии, МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России; уролог, доцент кафедры онкологии, радиотерапии и пластической хирургии, ФГАОУ ВО «ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России.</p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. Vorobyev - MD, PhD, Deputy Director for Surgery, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; Urologist, Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery, M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.</p><p>3, 2nd Botkinsky drive, Moscow, 125284; 8/2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8630-6072</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толкачев</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolkachev</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Толкачев Александр Олегович – уролог.</p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr O. Tolkachev - MD, Urologist, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.</p><p>3, 2nd Botkinsky drive, Moscow, 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-7375</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крашенинников</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasheninnikov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крашенинников Алексей Артурович - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением онкоурологии.</p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Krasheninnikov - MD, PhD, Head of the Department, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.</p><p>3, 2nd Botkinsky drive, Moscow, 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1870-3607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тараки</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taraki</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тараки Ивад Ахмадович - уролог, онколог отдела онкоурологии.</p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivad A. Taraki - MD, Urologist, Department of Oncourology, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia.</p><p>3, 2nd Botkinsky drive, Moscow, 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каприн</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaprin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каприн Андрей Дмитриевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, член-корр. РАО, генеральный директор, ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России; директор, МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России; заведующий кафедрой урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии медицинского факультета, ФГАОУ ВО «РУДН».</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6; 125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3; 249036, Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): K-1445-2014. Author ID (Scopus): 6602709853</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey D. Kaprin - MD, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Education, General Director, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; Director, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; Head of the Department of Urology and Surgical Nephrology with the Course of urologic oncology, RUDN University.</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198; 3, 2nd Botkinsky drive, Moscow, 125284; 4, Koroleva St., Obninsk, 249036</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): K-1445-2014. Author ID (Scopus): 6602709853</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUdN University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»; Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUdN University; P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia; National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Холбобозода Р.Ф., Костин А.А., Воробьев Н.В., Толкачев А.О., Крашенинников А.А., Тараки И.А., Каприн А.Д., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Холбобозода Р.Ф., Костин А.А., Воробьев Н.В., Толкачев А.О., Крашенинников А.А., Тараки И.А., Каприн А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kholbobozoda R.F., Kostin A.A., Vorobyev N.V., Tolkachev A.O., Krasheninnikov A.A., Taraki I.A., Kaprin A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2965">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/2965</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Злокачественные новообразования яичка (ЗНО) встречаются преимущественно у мужчин репродуктивного возраста. В ряде исследований отмечена зависимость уровня половых гормонов от ЗНО яичка и сывороточных онкомаркеров. Однако в настоящее время достоверная взаимосвязь уровня гормонов до орхифуникулэктомии (ОФЭ) с клинико-патоморфологической характеристикой опухоли недостаточно изучена. Цель исследования – анализ взаимосвязи уровня половых гормонов с гистологической характеристикой опухоли у пациентов с ЗНО яичка и разработка прогностических моделей. Материал и методы. В проспективное одноцентровое исследование включено 66 пациентов с ЗНО яичка. Локализованный, местнораспространенный и метастатический опухолевый процесс был у 55 (83,3 %), 9 (13,6 %) и 2 (3,0 %) больных соответственно. Выполнена предоперационная оценка следующих гормонов: общий и свободный тестостерон (T), эстрадиол (E2), гонадотропные гормоны (ЛГ, ФСГ, Пролактин) и бета-ХГЧ. В зависимости от гистологического типа опухоли пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: типичная семинома (n=31) и несеминомые опухоли (n=35). Оценили ряд показателей: размер опухоли, лимфоваскулярную инвазию и врастание опухоли в сеть яичка. Результаты. Несеминомные опухоли характеризовались более высокими значениями половых гормонов, бета-ХГЧ и низкими значениями гонадотропных гормонов по сравнению с типичной семиномой (p&lt;0,05). Высокая концентрация бета-ХГЧ наблюдалась преимущественно при pT3 по сравнению с pT1 стадией (p=0,018). При корреляционном анализе выявлена связь между общим (ρ=0,351; p=0,004) и свободным Т (ρ=0,342; р=0,008), E2 (ρ=0,292; p=0,022), бета-ХГЧ (ρ=0,244; р=0,048), ЛГ (ρ=-0,287; p=0,039), ФСГ (ρ=-0,264; p=0,04) и размером первичной опухоли. Наличие врастания опухоли в сеть яичка сопровождалось низким значением ЛГ и высоким значением бета-ХГЧ по сравнению с пациентами без данного прогностического параметра (p=0,015, p&lt;0,001 соответственно). Разработаны прогностические модели для определения вероятности гистологического типа опухоли и врастания опухоли в сеть яичка (p&lt;0,001) с высокой чувствительностью (82,1 и 76,5 %) и специфичностью (76,9 и 100 %). Заключение. Среди пациентов с несеминомными опухолями отмечается изменение гипоталамо-гипофизарно-гонадной оси (ГГГ). Высокие значения половых гормонов и низкие значения гонадотропных гормонов перед ОФЭ связаны с большим размером первичной опухоли. Также низкое значение ЛГ и высокое значение бета-ХГЧ являются предиктором врастания опухоли в сеть яичка. Высокий уровень бета-ХГЧ ассоциирован с более агрессивной биологией опухоли и неблагоприятным прогнозом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Testicular cancer (TC) mostly affect young men of reproductive age. Several studies have shown correlation between the level of sex hormones in testicular cancer and serum tumor markers. However, currently, the relationship between hormone levels before orchidectomy and the clinical and pathomorphological characteristics of the tumor has not been sufficiently studied. Aim of the study: to analyze the relationship between hormone levels and the clinical stage and histological characteristics of the tumor in patients with testicular cancer and to develop prognostic models. Material and Methods. This prospective single-center study included 66 patients with testicular cancer. Localized, locally advanced and metastatic testicular cancer was diagnosed in 55 (83.3 %), 9 (13.6 %) and 2 (3.0 %) patients, respectively. A preoperative assessment of hormones such as total and free testosterone (T), estradiol (E2)), gonadotropic hormones (LH, FLH, Prolactin) and b-HCG was carried out. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the histological structure of the tumor: seminoma (n=31) and non-seminoma (n=35). The following parameters were assessed: tumor size, lymphovascular invasion and rete testis invasion. Results. In non-seminoma tumors, the values of sex hormones and beta-hCG were higher, but the values of gonadotropic hormones were lower compared with typical seminomas (p&lt;0.05). High concentrations of b-HCG were observed predominantly in pT3 compared to pT1 stages (p=0.018). Correlation analysis revealed a connection between total (ρ=0.351; p=0.004) and free T (ρ=0.342; p=0.008), E2 (ρ=0.292; p=0.022), b-HCG (ρ=0.244; p= 0.048), LH (ρ=-0.287; p=0.039), FSH (ρ=-0.264; p=0.04) and the size of the primary tumor. The presence of rete testis invasion was accompanied by a low LH value and a high b-HCG value compared to patients without this prognostic parameter (p=0.015, p&lt;0.001, respectively). Prognostic models were developed to determine the probability of histological structure and the presence of rete testis invasion (p&lt;0.001) with high sensitivity (82.1 % and 76.5 %) and specificity (76.9 % and 100 %). Conclusion. The findings suggest that non-seminoma tumors are associated with changes in the pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The high values of sex hormones and low values of gonadotropic hormones before orchidectomy are associated with a large size of the primary tumor. Additionally, a low LH value and a high b-HCG value are predictors of rete testis invasion. High b-HCG levels are associated with more aggressive tumor biology and poor prognosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>злокачественные новообразования яичек</kwd><kwd>типичная семинома</kwd><kwd>несеминомные опухоли</kwd><kwd>половые гормоны</kwd><kwd>гипоталамо-гипофизарно-гонадная ось</kwd><kwd>бета-ХГЧ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>testicular cancer</kwd><kwd>pure seminoma</kwd><kwd>non-seminoma tumors</kwd><kwd>sex hormones</kwd><kwd>hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis</kwd><kwd>b-HCG</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R.L., Laversanne M., Soerjomataram I., Jemal A., Bray F. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. 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