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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-2-72-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-3039</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПЫТ РАБОТЫ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>KRAS-мутированный немелкоклеточный рак легкого: новые стратегии терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>KRAS-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: new therapy strategies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-502X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лактионов</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laktionov</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лактионов Константин Константинович - доктор медицинских наук, первый заместитель директора, заведующий онкологическим отделением лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическое) № 3, ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; профессор кафедры онкологии и лучевой терапии лечебного факультета, ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России.</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin K. Laktionov - MD, DSc, First Deputy Director, Head of Chemotherapy Department No. 3, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor, Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>23, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478; 1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7817-8429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саранцева</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarantseva</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саранцева Ксения Андреевна - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник онкологического отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтического) № 3, ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; доцент кафедры онкологии и лучевой терапии лечебного факультета, ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России.</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia A. Sarantseva - MD, PhD, Researcher, Chemotherapy Department No. 3, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Assistant Professor, Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>23, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478; 1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sarantsevaka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0796-6993</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нелюбина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nelyubina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нелюбина Лидия Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник онкологического отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтического) № 3.</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lydia A. Nelyubina - MD, PhD, Researcher, Chemotherapy Department No. 3, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>23, Kashirskoye shosse, moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-0753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамаюнов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamayunov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гамаюнов Сергей Викторович - доктор медицинских наук, главный врач.</p><p>603163, Нижний Новгород, ул. Деловая, 11/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Gamayunov - MD, DSc, Chief Physician, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center.</p><p>11/1, Delovaya St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603163</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-4339</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесникова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесникова Елена Александровна - кандидат биологических наук, заведующая молекулярно-генетической лабораторией объединенного патологоанатомического отделения.</p><p>603163, Нижний Новгород, ул. Деловая, 11/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Kolesnikova - PhD, Head of Molecular Genetics Laboratories, Joint Pathoanatomical Department, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center.</p><p>11/1, Delovaya St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603163</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3848-865X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордиев</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordiev</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гордиев Марат Гордиевич - врач КДЛ.</p><p>115580, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 49, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marat G. Gordiev - MD, Diagnostic Center (Center for Laboratory Research) of the Moscow Department of Health.</p><p>49, build. 1, Orekhovy Blvd, Moscow, 115580</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of The Ministry of Health of Russia; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of The Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ НО НИИ КО «Нижегородский областной клинический онкологический диспансер» Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Диагностический центр (Центр лабораторных исследований) ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Diagnostic Center (Center for Laboratory Research) of the Moscow Department of Health<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лактионов К.К., Саранцева К.А., Нелюбина Л.А., Гамаюнов С.В., Колесникова Е.А., Гордиев М.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лактионов К.К., Саранцева К.А., Нелюбина Л.А., Гамаюнов С.В., Колесникова Е.А., Гордиев М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Laktionov K.K., Sarantseva K.A., Nelyubina L.A., Gamayunov S.V., Kolesnikova E.A., Gordiev M.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3039">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3039</self-uri><abstract><p>Рак легкого остается одним из наиболее опасных и распространенных видов онкологических заболеваний, требующих постоянного совершенствования методов диагностики и лечения. В попытке добиться большей эффективности для отдельных групп пациентов генетическая неоднородность рака заставляет искать новые терапевтические мишени. Цель исследования – обновление текущих знаний об аденокарциноме легкого с мутацией в гене KRAS, рассмотрение новых возможностей персонализированного лечения KRAS-мутированного НМРЛ и формирование образа российского пациента, которому потенциально показана таргетная терапия. Материал и методы. Проведен поиск доступных литературных источников, опубликованных в базе данных Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Elibrary, включались публикации, относящиеся к 2008–2023 гг. Результаты. В статье рассматриваются молекулярно-генетическое тестирование, в том числе секвенирование следующего поколения NGS, и его роль в определении наличия мутации гена KRAS у пациентов с раком легкого. Также обсуждается эффективность таргетных препаратов: Соторасиб и Адаграсиб, показанная в клинических исследованиях. Механизм их действия направлен на подавление активности мутантного белка KRAS G12C, что позволяет значительно улучшить прогнозы выживаемости пациентов. Нами были получены данные о результатах тестирования 935 пациентов с неплоскоклеточным немелкоклеточным раком легкого из различных медицинских центров России, полученные в результате действующих научных программ. У 160 (17,1 %) пациентов была выявлена мутация гена KRAS, из них у 96 (10,3 %) вариант KRAS G12C. Методом ПЦР мутация KRAS была определена у 44 пациентов, NGS (в том числе на платформе FoundationOne) – в 111 случаях. По большинству клинических характеристик, таких как пол, возраст, статус курения, уровень экспрессии pd-l1, наличие ко-мутаций (ТР53, STK11, KEAP1), пациенты из реальной практики в значительной мере соответствуют клиническим характеристикам пациентов, включенных в исследование CodeBreak100. Заключение. Результаты исследований подтверждают высокую эффективность Соторасиба и Адаграсиба для пациентов с мутацией KRAS G12C, открывают новые перспективы в лечении рака легкого. Полученные клинические данные российских пациентов демонстрируют соответствие портрету пациента из регистрационных исследований данных препаратов. Это еще раз подчеркивает необходимость расширения спектра молекулярно-генетического тестирования для своевременного выявления данной группы и назначения им максимально эффективного лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Lung cancer remains one of the most dangerous and most common cancers, requiring constant improvement of diagnostic and treatment methods. The genetic heterogeneity of lung cancer forces us to search for new therapeutic targets in an attempt to achieve greater effectiveness for certain groups of patients. The purpose of the study was to update current knowledge about lung adenocarcinoma with a mutation in the KRAS gene, to consider new opportunities for personalized treatment of KRAS-mutated NSCLC and to form an image of a Russian patient who is potentially indicated for targeted therapy. Material and methods. A search of available literature sources published in the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Elibrary database was carried out, publications covering the period from 2008 to 2023 were included. Results. The article discussed molecular genetic testing, including NGS next generation sequencing, and its role in determining the presence of KRAS gene mutations in patients with lung cancer. the effectiveness of targeted drugs, such as Sotorasib and Adagrasib was also discussed. The mechanism of action is aimed at suppressing the activity of the mutant KRAS G12C protein, which can significantly improve patient survival prognosis. We obtained data on the results of testing 935 patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer from various medical centers in Russia. The KRAS gene mutation was identified in 160 (17.1 %) patients, of whom 96 (10.3 %) had KRAS G12C variant. The KRAS mutation was determined by PCR in 44 patients and by NGS (including on the FoundationOne platform) in 111 patients. Clinical characteristics, such as gender, age, smoking status, PD-L1 expression level, presence of co-mutations (TP53, STK11, KEAP1, were largely similar between patients from real-world clinical practice and patients included in the CodeBreak100 study. Conclusion. The research results confirm the high effectiveness of Sotorasib and Adagrasib for patients with the KRAS G12C mutation and open up new prospects in the treatment of lung cancer. The clinical data obtained from Russian patients demonstrate consistency with the patient profile from registration studies of these drugs. This once again demonstrates the need to expand the range of molecular genetic testing for timely identification of this group of patients and prescribing the most effective treatment for them.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>НМРЛ</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетическое тестирование</kwd><kwd>KRAS</kwd><kwd>KRAS G12C</kwd><kwd>соторасиб</kwd><kwd>NGS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>NSCLC</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic testing</kwd><kwd>KRAS</kwd><kwd>KRAS G12C</kwd><kwd>sotorasib</kwd><kwd>NGS</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prior I.A., Hood F.E., Hartley J.L. The Frequency of Ras Mutations in Cancer. Cancer Res. 2020; 80(14): 2969–74. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-3682.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prior I.A., Hood F.E., Hartley J.L. The Frequency of Ras Mutations in Cancer. 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