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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-3-100-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-3119</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПЫТ РАБОТЫ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика острого лейкоза у детей: влияние удаленности проживания на сроки установления диагноза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnosis of acute leukemia in children: the impact of remote residence on the time to make a diagnosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8398-7001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыков</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rykov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыков Максим Юрьевич, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой педиатрии</p><p>Россия, 129226, г. Москва, ул. Вильгельма Пика, 4, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim Yu. Rykov, MD, DSc, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics</p><p>4, Wilhelma Pick St., Moscow, 129226, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wordex2006@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9777-1220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгополов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgopolov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгополов Игорь Станиславович, доктор медицинских наук, заместитель главного врача по лечебной работе; заведующий кафедрой педиатрии</p><p>Россия, 170100, г. Тверь, наб. Степана Разина, 23Россия, 170100, г. Тверь, ул. Советская, 4 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor S. Dolgopolov, MD, DSc, Deputy Chief Physician for Medical Work; Head of the Department of Pediatrics</p><p>23, Stepana Razina Emb., Tver, 170100, Russia</p><p>4, Sovetskaya St., Tver, 170100, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный социальный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Social University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Тверской области «Детская областная клиническая больница»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Тверской государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital;&#13;
Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рыков М.Ю., Долгополов И.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рыков М.Ю., Долгополов И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rykov M.Y., Dolgopolov I.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3119">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3119</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Острый лейкоз (ОЛ) – наиболее распространенная злокачественная патология у детей с частотой 55–62 на 1 млн населения до 18 лет. Ранняя диагностика затруднена ввиду неспецифичности первичных симптомов, особенно в регионах с населением до 100 тыс. человек, где случай ОЛ у детей диагностируется 1 раз в 2–5 лет и отсутствует онкологическая настороженность среди врачей поликлинического звена. Цель исследования – оценить влияние удаленности проживания на сроки установления диагноза ОЛ на примере Тверской области. Материал и методы. В анализ включено 35 пациентов, госпитализированных в отделение онкогематологии Детской областной клинической больницы (ДОКБ) за период с 2018 по 2023 г. с диагнозами: ОЛЛ, C91.0 – 30 (86 %), ОМЛ, C92 – 3 (9 %), ЛНКТ, С95.0 – 2 (5 %) больных. Средний возраст составил 61 мес. Тромбоцитопения и анемия на момент постановки диагноза обнаруживались у 76 и 78 % больных соответственно. Лейкоцитоз &gt;20×109/л наблюдался у 58 %, лейкопения &lt;3,5×109/л – у 15 % пациентов. В 97 % случаев в периферической крови определялись бласты от 2 до 95 %. В г. Твери (группа 1) и Тверской области (группа 2) выявлено 16 (46 %) и 19 (54 %) больных соответственно. Средний возраст пациентов в группе 1 – 28,6 мес, в группе 2 – 72,3 мес (р=0,1). Результаты. В группах 1 и 2 ОЛЛ диагностирован в 14 (88 %) и 16 (84 %) случаях, ОМЛ – в 1 (6 %) и 2 (11 %) и ЛНКТ – в 1 (6 %) и 1 (5 %) случае, р=0,6, 0,7 и 0,95 соответственно. Отсрочка диагноза в общей группе (n=35) &lt;2 нед наблюдалась в 21 (60 %) случае, 2–4 нед – в 7 (20 %), ≥4 – ≤8 нед – в 4 (11 %) и &gt;8 нед – в 3 (9 %) случаях. Отсрочка диагноза среди пациентов, проживающих в г. Твери и Тверской области, &lt;2 нед отмечена в 7 (44 %) vs 13 (68 %) случаев, 2–4 нед – в 6 (38 %) vs 3 (17 %), ≥4–≤8 нед – в 1 (6 % ) vs 1 (5 %) и &gt;8 нед – в 2 (12 %) vs 2 (10 %) случаев соответственно (р=0,37). Не отмечено достоверного влияния удаленности места проживания от детского учреждения 3-го уровня, оказывающего специализированную помощь (ГБУЗ «ДОКБ»), на время постановки диагноза. При расстоянии &lt;50 км отсрочка диагноза &lt;2 нед, 2–4 нед, ≥4–≤8 нед, &gt;8 нед наблюдалась в 36, 36, 21 и 7 % соответственно. При удалении ≥50–≤100 км диагноз был поставлен в период 2–4 нед в 100 % случаев. Отсрочка диагноза при проживании пациентов &gt;100 км менее 2 нед, 2–4 нед, ≥4–≤8 нед, &gt;8 нед наблюдалась в 30, 30, 20 и 20 % соответственно (р=0,78). Заключение. Удаленность от ДОКБ г. Твери не оказала влияния на срок постановки диагноза ОЛ у детей, что достигается проведением ежедневных конференций с лечебными учреждениями области и быстрой госпитализацией детей с подозрением на онкогематологическую патологию в профильное отделение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Acute leukemia (AL) is the most common childhood cancer with an incidence rate of about 55–62 cases per 1 million children under 18 years of age. Acute leukemia is difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms, which are often hidden under the “masks” of other diseases. This problem is especially relevant for regions with a population of up to 100,000 people, where AL in children is diagnosed once every 2–5 years causing too low cancer alertness among pediatricians. Aim: to assess the delay in diagnosis depending on the areas of residence in the Tver region and area remoteness from the Tver Regional Clinical Children’s Hospital (RCC H). Material and Methods. The analysis included 35 patients hospitalized in the Department of Oncology and Hematology of the RCC H for the period from 2018 to 2023. The diagnoses were: ALL, C91.0 – 30 (86 %), AML , C92 – 3 (9 %), and AL of unspecified cell type (ALUCL ), C95.0 – 2 (5 %) patients. The mean age was 61 months. Thrombocytopenia and anemia at the time of diagnosis were found in 76 % and 78 %, respectively. Leukocytosis &gt;20×109/L was observed in 58 %, leukopenia &lt;3.5×109/L in 15 % of patients. In 97 % of cases, blasts (2 % to 95 %) were detected in peripheral blood. In the city of Tver (group 1) and the Tver region (group 2), 16 (46 %) and 19 (54 %) patients were identified, respectively. The mean age of patients in group 1 was 28.6 months and the mean age in group 2 was 72.3 months (p=0.1). Results. In group 1 and 2, ALL was diagnosed in 14 (88 %) and 16 (84 %), AML in 1 (6 %) and 2 (11 %) and ALUCL in 1 (6 %) and 1 (5 %) cases, p=0.6, 0.7 and 0.95, respectively. Delay in diagnosis in the general group (n=35) was observed &lt;2 weeks in 21 (60 %) cases, 2–4 weeks – in 7 (20 %), ≥4–≤8 weeks – in 4 (11 %) and &gt;8 weeks – in 3 (9 %) cases. Delayed diagnosis among patients living in the city of Tver and Tver region was observed &lt;2 weeks in 7 (44 %) vs 13 (68 %) cases, 2–4 weeks – in 6 (38 %) vs 3 (17 %), ≥4–≤8 weeks – in 1 (6 %) vs 1 (5 %) and &gt;8 weeks – in 2 (12 %) vs 2 (10 %) cases, respectively (p=0.37). There was no significant impact of the distance of the residence place from the level 3 children’s hospital providing specialized care (RCC H) on the time of diagnosis. With the removal of &lt;50 km the diagnosis delay &lt;2 weeks, 2–4 weeks, ≥4–≤8 weeks, &gt;8 weeks was observed in 36, 36, 21 and 7 %, respectively. With the removal of ≥50–≤100 km, the diagnosis was made in the period of 2–4 weeks in 100 % of cases. With the removal of &gt;100 km the diagnosis delay &lt;2 weeks, 2–4 weeks, ≥4–≤8 weeks, &gt;8 weeks was observed in 30, 30, 20 and 20 %, respectively (p=0.78). Conclusion. The distance from the third-level hospital did not affect the period of diagnosis of AL in children, which is achieved by holding daily on-line conferences with country hospitals and out-patient departments followed by the rapid hospitalization of children with suspected oncohematological disorders in the specialized department.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый лейкоз</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>задержка в постановке диагноза</kwd><kwd>расстояние</kwd><kwd>медицинское учреждение 3-го уровня</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute leukemia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>delay in diagnosis</kwd><kwd>distance</kwd><kwd>third-level hospital.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zwaan C.M., Kolb E.A., Reinhardt D., Abrahamsson J., Adachi S., Aplenc R., De Bont E.S., De Moerloose B., Dworzak M., Gibson B.E., Hasle H., Leverger G., Locatelli F., Ragu C., Ribeiro R.C., Rizzari C., Rubnitz J.E., Smith O.P., Sung L., Tomizawa D., van den Heuvel-Eibrink M.M., Creutzig U., Kaspers G.J. 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