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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-3-115-123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-3121</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПЫТ РАБОТЫ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гистологические тенденции и молекулярно-генетические особенности немелкоклеточного рака легкого в Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе – Югре</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Histological trends and molecular genetic features of non-small cell lung cancer in the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous district – Ugra</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мордовский</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mordovskiy</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мордовский Алексей Александрович, онколог клинико-диагностического центра онкологии; преподаватель кафедры хирургических болезней</p><p>Россия, 628408, г. Сургут, ул. Энергетиков, 24 </p><p>Россия, 628412, г. Сургут, пр. Ленина, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei A. Mordovskiy, MD, Oncologist; Lecturer, Department of Surgical Diseases</p><p>24, Energetikov St., Surgut, 628408, Russia</p><p>1, Lenin Ave., Surgut, 628412, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a-mordovskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксарин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksarin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аксарин Алексей Александрович, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель окружного онкологического центра; преподаватель кафедры хирургических болезней</p><p>Россия, 628408, г. Сургут, ул. Энергетиков, 24 </p><p>Россия, 628412, г. Сургут, пр. Ленина, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei A. Aksarin, MD, DSc, Head of the Clinical Diagnostic Center of Oncology; Lecturer, Department of Surgical Diseases </p><p>24, Energetikov St., Surgut, 628408, Russia</p><p>1, Lenin Ave., Surgut, 628412, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парсаданян</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parsadanyan</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Парсаданян Арарат Микичович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры хирургических болезней; онколог</p><p>Россия, 628408, г. Сургут, ул. Энергетиков, 24 </p><p>Россия, 628412, г. Сургут, пр. Ленина, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ararat M. Parsadanyan, MD, Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases;  Oncologist </p><p>24, Energetikov St., Surgut, 628408, Russia</p><p>1, Lenin Ave., Surgut, 628412, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троян</surname><given-names>П. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Troyan</surname><given-names>P. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Троян Павел Петрович, заведующий отделением клинико-диагностического центра онкологии</p><p>Россия, 628408, г. Сургут, ул. Энергетиков, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel P. Troyan, MD, Head of the Department of the Clinical Diagnostic Center of Oncology </p><p>24, Energetikov St., Surgut, 628408, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пахтусов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakhtusov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пахтусов Алексей Иванович, аспирант, кафедра автоматизированных систем обработки информации и управления, политехнический институт</p><p>Россия, 628412, г. Сургут, пр. Ленина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei I. Pakhtusov, Postgraduate, Department of Automated Information Processing and Control Systems, Polytechnic Institute</p><p>1, Lenin Ave., Surgut, 628412, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">БУ Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры «Сургутская окружная клиническая больница»;&#13;
 БУ ВО Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры «Сургутский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Regional Oncology Center;&#13;
Surgut State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">БУ Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры «Сургутская окружная клиническая больница»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Regional Oncology Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">БУ ВО Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры «Сургутский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Surgut State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мордовский А.А., Аксарин А.А., Парсаданян А.М., Троян П.П., Пахтусов А.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мордовский А.А., Аксарин А.А., Парсаданян А.М., Троян П.П., Пахтусов А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mordovskiy A.A., Aksarin A.A., Parsadanyan A.M., Troyan P.P., Pakhtusov A.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3121">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3121</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – изучить гистологическую структуру рака легкого, молекулярно-генетические, гендерные, демографические и анамнестические характеристики группы больных немелкоклеточным раком легкого в Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе (ХМАО) – Югре. Материал и методы. Материалом для исследования стали 6 725 случаев рака легкого (РЛ), выявленных в 2001–2020 гг., и 266 случаев немелкоклеточного рака легкого (НМРЛ), диагностированных в 2020–2023 гг. Для анализа использовался непараметрический критерий Фишера и критерий χ2 Пирсона. Рассчитывался относительный шанс развития события в основной группе по сравнению с группой контроля. Результаты. Наиболее частой гистологической формой из числа выявленных опухолей легкого в 2001–2010 и 2011–2020 гг. остается плоскоклеточный рак (40,2 и 38,3 % соответственно). Во 2-м десятилетии исследуемого периода отмечается увеличение (на 9,6 %) удельного веса аденокарциномы легкого, который приближается к показателям плоскоклеточного рака легкого. В структуре всех гистологических подтипов НМРЛ генетические аберрации значительно чаще наблюдаются при аденокарциноме, чем при других гистологических формах РЛ, – 33 vs 6 % соответственно. Проведенный анализ показал, что относительный шанс развития генетических аберраций в онкогенах EGFR, KRAS, ALK был в 21,08; 9,04 и 10,84 раза выше при аденокарциноме легкого и в 15,87; 2,18 и 10,2 раза выше среди никогда не куривших, чем в группах контроля. Частота мутаций в гене EGFR была значимо выше у женщин (p&lt;0,001), транслокация в гене ALK чаще выявлялась в возрасте ≥48 лет (p=0,002) вне зависимости от пола. Удельный вес уровней экспрессии PD-L1 (низкий – 63,2 %, средний – 16,2 %, высокий – 4,5 %) сопоставим с данными литературы. Заключение. Изучение молекулярно-генетических изменений при немелкоклеточном раке легкого в Югре позволяет выработать правильные организационно-методические мероприятия по диагностике и лечению данной группы пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to study the histological structure of lung cancer, as well as molecular-genetic, gender, demographic and anamnestic characteristics of patients with non-small cell lung cancer in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous district – Ugra. Material and Methods. Material for the study consisted of 6725 cases of lung cancer for the period 2001–2020 and 266 cases diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer for the period 2020–2023. Nonparametric Fisher’s criterion and χ2 test were used to analyze statistical factors. The relative risk of an event in the main group compared to the control group was calculated. Results. Squamous cell carcinoma remained the most common histological form among lung cancers detected for the periods 2001–2010 and 2011–2020 (40.2 and 38.3 %, respectively). During the second decade of the study period, the proportion of lung adenocarcinoma increased by 9.6%, approaching the rates of squamous cell lung carcinoma. It should be noted that in the structure of all histologic subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, genetic aberrations occurred more frequently in adenocarcinoma than in other histologic forms of lung cancer (33 vs 6 %, respectively). The results of the analysis showed that the relative risk of developing genetic aberrations in EGFR, KRAS, ALK oncogenes was respectively 21.08; 9.04 and 10.84 times higher in lung adenocarcinoma and 15.87; 2.18 and 10.2 times higher among never smokers than in the control groups. The incidence of mutations in the EGFR gene was statistically more frequent in women (p&lt;0.001), and the incidence of translocation in the AL K gene was predominantly diagnosed at age ≥48 years (p=0.002) regardless of gender. The specificity of PD-L1 expression levels (low – 63.2 %, medium – 16.2 %, high – 4.5 %) is consistent with other recent studies. Conclusion. The study of molecular-genetic changes observed in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer in Ugra allows the development of organizational and methodological approaches to diagnosis and treatment of these patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак легкого</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетическая диагностика</kwd><kwd>табакокурение</kwd><kwd>онкоген</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lung cancer</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic diagnosis</kwd><kwd>tobacco smoking</kwd><kwd>oncogene</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2020 году. Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. М., 2021. 239 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cancer care for the population of Russia in 2020. 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