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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-5-5-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-3261</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт применения сверточной нейронной сети для бинарной классификации микрофотографий цитологических препаратов щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experience of applying convolutional neural network for binary classifcation of microphotographs of thyroid cytology specimens</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-4428</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солопов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solopov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солопов Максим Витальевич, биолог лаборатории клеточного и тканевого культивирования, </p><p>283045, Донецкая Народная Республика, г. Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim V. Solopov, Biologist, Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Cultivation, </p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk People's Republic, Donetsk, 283045</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0935-5065</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кавелина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kavelina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кавелина Анна Станиславовна, кандидат медицинских наук, биолог лаборатории клеточного и тканевого культивирования,</p><p>283045, Донецкая Народная Республика, г. Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Kavelina, MD, PhD, Biologist, Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Cultivation,</p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk People's Republic, Donetsk, 283045</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9755-1869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попандопуло</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popandopulo</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попандопуло Андрей Геннадиевич, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией клеточного и тканевого культивирования, хирург, </p><p>283045, Донецкая Народная Республика, г. Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey G. Popandopulo, MD, DSc, Head of the Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Cultivation, Surgeon, </p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk People's Republic, Donetsk, 283045</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6461-4904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турчин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turchyn</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турчин Виктор Васильевич, биолог лаборатории клеточного и тканевого  культивирования, </p><p>283045, Донецкая Народная Республика, г. Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor V. Turchyn, Biologist, Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Cultivation, </p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk People's Republic, Donetsk, 283045</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0327-9929</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пащенко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashchenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пащенко Светлана Анатольевна, эндокринолог консультативной поликлиники, </p><p>283045, Донецкая Народная Республика, г. Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Pashchenko, MD, Endocrinologist, Consultative Polyclinic Department,</p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk People's Republic, Donetsk, 283045</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8776-3838</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багдасаров</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagdasarov</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Багдасаров Карэн Меружанович, заведующий хирургическим отделением, </p><p>283045, Донецкая Народная Республика, г. Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karen M. Bagdasarov, MD, Head of Surgical Department,</p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk People's Republic, Donetsk, 283045</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.K. Gusak Institute of Emergency and Reconstructive Surgery of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Солопов М.В., Кавелина А.С., Попандопуло А.Г., Турчин В.В., Пащенко С.А., Багдасаров К.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Солопов М.В., Кавелина А.С., Попандопуло А.Г., Турчин В.В., Пащенко С.А., Багдасаров К.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Solopov M.V., Kavelina A.S., Popandopulo A.G., Turchyn V.V., Pashchenko S.A., Bagdasarov K.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3261">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3261</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – оценка эффективности модели сверточной нейронной сети для автоматизированной цитологической диагностики папиллярного рака и доброкачественных узловых образований щитовидной железы.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Сверточная нейронная сеть была разработана на языке программирования Python с использованием библиотеки с открытым исходным кодом TensorFlow 2.15.0. Для исследования был сформирован датасет, который включал две категории патологий: 1 597 микрофотографий папиллярного рака и 767 микрофотографий доброкачественных узловых образований (коллоидного зоба и аденоматозных узлов). Для формирования обучающей выборки и оценки показателей производительности модели на тестовой выборке датасет был разделен в соотношении 80/20.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При диагностике папиллярного рака модель достигла точности 89,3 %, полноты – 92,4 %, специфичности – 77,4 % и оценки F1 – 91,4 %. При определении доброкачественных узловых образований точность составила 83,3 %, полнота – 77,4 %, специфичность – 92,4 %, оценка F1 – 80,3 %, что указывает на более высокий уровень ложноположительных и ложноотрицательных прогнозов. Показатель AUC составил 0,91 при классификации отдельных микрофотографий и 0,94 на уровне серии микрофотографий от одного пациента, свидетельствуя о высокой способности обученной модели дифференцировать злокачественные и доброкачественные очаговые процессы щитовидной железы на основе микрофотографий цитологических препаратов тонкоигольной аспирационной пункционной биопсии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Дальнейшее совершенствование нейросетевой модели за счет обучения на более объемных и разнообразных датасетах микрофотографий цитологических препаратов щитовидной железы будет способствовать улучшению ее диагностического спектра и производительности. Созданная модель может быть использована для разработки программного обеспечения по выявлению патологий щитовидной железы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of a convolutional neural network model for automated cytologic diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer and benign thyroid nodules.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The convolutional neural network was developed in the Python programming language using the TensorFlow 2.15.0 open source library. For the study, a dataset that included two categories of pathologies was generated: 1597 microphotographs of papillary carcinoma and 767 microphotographs of benign nodules (colloid goiter and adenomatous nodules). To form a training sample and evaluate the model’s performance metrics on the test sample, the dataset was divided in a ratio of 80/20.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In classifying papillary carcinoma, the model achieved precision of 89.3 %, recall of 92.4 %, specifcity of 77.4 % and F1 score of 91.4 %. When identifying benign nodules, the presicion, recall, specifcity and F1 score were 83.3 %, 77.4 %, 92.4 %, and 80.3 %, respectively, indicating a higher rate of false-positive and false-negative predictions. The AUC was 0.91 at the individual microphotograph level and 0.94 at the serial microphotograph level from one patient, indicating the high ability of the trained model to differentiate between malignant and benign thyroid lesions based on microphotographs of fne-needle aspiration biopsy specimens.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Further improvement of the neural network model by training on larger and more diverse datasets of microphotographs of cytological specimens of the thyroid gland will help improve its diagnostic range and performance. The developed model can be used to develop software for identifying thyroid pathologies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>папиллярный рак</kwd><kwd>узловое образование</kwd><kwd>сверточная нейронная сеть</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>тонкоигольная аспирационная пункционная биопсия</kwd><kwd>цитодиагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>papillary carcinoma</kwd><kwd>thyroid nodule</kwd><kwd>convolutional neural network</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>fine-needle aspiration biopsy</kwd><kwd>cytodiagnosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tran N.Q., Le B.H., Hoang C.K., Nguyen H.T., Thai T.T. 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