oncotomskСибирский онкологический журналSiberian journal of oncology1814-48612312-3168Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-6-149-158oncotomsk-3346Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSПротивораковые мРНК-вакцины на основе неоантигеновAntitumor mRNA vaccines based on neoantigenshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-9524СтаростинаЕ. В.StarostinaE. V.

Старостина Екатерина Владимировна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела биоинженерии.

630559, р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область

Researcher ID (WOS) A-6863-2014

Ekaterina V. Starostina - PhD, Senior Researcher, Bioengineering Department, State Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor.

Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast, 630559

Researcher ID (WOS) A-6863-2014

star_ekaterina@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9647-4969НизоленкоЛ. Ф.NizolenkoL. F.

Низоленко Лилия Филипповна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела биоинженерии.

630559, р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область

Lily F. Nizolenko - PhD, Senior Researcher, Bioengineering Department, State Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor.

Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast, 630559

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4365-8809КарпенкоЛ. И.KarpenkoL. I.

Карпенко Лариса Ивановна - доктор биологических наук, ведущий сотрудник отдела биоинженерии.

630559, р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область

Researcher ID (WOS) A-9682-2014

Larisa I. Karpenko - DSc, Leading Associate, Bioengineering Department, State Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor.

Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast, 630559

Researcher ID (WOS) A-9682-2014

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-0843ИльичевА. A.IlyichevA. A.

Ильичев Александр Алексеевич - доктор биологических наук, заведующий отделом биоинженерии.

630559, р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область

Alexander A. Ilyichev - DSc, Head of the Department of Bioengineering, State Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor.

Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast, 630559

Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор» РоспотребнадзораРоссияState Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” RospotrebnadzorRussian Federation202411012025236149158Copyright © Старостина Е.В., Низоленко Л.Ф., Карпенко Л.И., Ильичев А.A., 20252025Старостина Е.В., Низоленко Л.Ф., Карпенко Л.И., Ильичев А.A.Starostina E.V., Nizolenko L.F., Karpenko L.I., Ilyichev A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3346

Цель исследования - обобщение имеющихся данных о клинических испытаниях вакцин, основанных на мРНК, кодирующих неоантигены. Материал и методы. Поиск опубликованных с января 2013 г. по май 2024 г. данных проводился на сайтах https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov и https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ по ключевым словам «neoantigen» и «vaccine», а затем отбиралась информация о препаратах на основе мРНК. Из 148 найденных исследований 54 было отобрано для написания систематического обзора. Результаты. Библиометрический анализ данных в области терапевтических противораковых вакцин за 2013-24 гг. показал, что большая часть исследований посвящена мРНК-вакцинам, кодирующим неоантигены. В обзоре представлены краткое описание мРНК-платформы и обзор клинических испытаний противораковых мРНК-вакцин, проходивших в период с 2013 по 2024 г. Рассматриваются препараты ведущих биотехнологических фирм Европы и США, занимающихся разработкой противораковых мРНК-вакцин, таких как Цевумеран (BioNTech), mRNA-4157/V940 (Moderna), а также вакцин компаний КНР - Stemirna Therapeutics, NeoCura, Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics и др. Заключение. Использование технологии создания вакцин на основе мРНК, кодирующих опухолевые неоантигены, способно в значительной степени повысить потенциал противоопухолевой иммунотерапии.

Objective: to summarize the available data on clinical trials of vaccines based on mRNA encoding neoantigens. Material and Methods. Data were searched on https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov and https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/, from January 2013 to May 2024 using the keywords “neoantigen” and “vaccine”, and the information on mRNA-based drugs was then selected. Of the 148 studies retrieved, 54 were selected to write a systematic review. Results. A bibliometric analysis of data in the field of therapeutic cancer vaccines from 2013 to 2024 showed that the majority of studies focused on mRNA vaccines encoding neoantigens. this paper presents a brief description of the mRNA platform and provides an overview of clinical trials of anticancer mRNA vaccines from 2013 to 2024. Preparations of leading biotech firms in Europe and the USA involved in the development of anticancer mRNA vaccines, such as Cevumeran (BioNTech), mRNA-4157/V940 (Moderna), as well as vaccines from companies in the PRC - Stemirna Therapeutics, NeoCura, Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics, etc. - are reviewed. Conclusion. The use of vaccine technology based on mRNAs encoding tumor neoantigens can significantly increase the potential of antitumor immunotherapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.