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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-6-62-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-3356</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛАБОРАТОРНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Численное моделирование взаимодействия радиотерапевтического излучения с мягкими тканями и ПЛА пластиком для трехмерной печати дозиметрических фантомов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Numerical simulation of radiotherapy beam interaction with soft tissues and PLA plastic for 3D printing of dosimetric phantoms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-2810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милойчикова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miloichikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милойчикова Ирина Алексеевна - кандидат физико-математических наук, медицинский физик, старший научный сотрудник отделения радиотерапии, НИИ онкологии, Томский НИМЦ РАН; доцент Научно-образовательного центра международного ядерного образования и карьерного сопровождения иностранных студентов Инженерной школы ядерных технологий, ФГАОУ ВО «ТПУ».</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 30; 634009, Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS) L-5300-2016, Author ID (Scopus) 56377790400</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Miloichikova - PhD, Medical Physicist, Senior Researcher, Radiotherapy Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences; Associate Professor, Research Center of for International Nuclear Education and Career Support International Students, School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University.</p><p>30, Lenin Ave., Tomsk, 634050; 5, Kooperativny St., Tomsk, 634009</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS) L-5300-2016, Author ID (Scopus) 56377790400</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">miloichikova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7332-2540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булавская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulavskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Булавская Ангелина Александровна - кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент Научно-образовательного центра международного ядерного образования и карьерного сопровождения иностранных студентов Инженерной школы ядерных технологий.</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 30</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS) F-8559-2017, Author ID (Scopus) 57191170007</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Angelina A. Bulavskaya - PhD, Associate Professor, Research Center of for International Nuclear Education and Career Support International Students, School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University.</p><p>30, Lenin Ave., Tomsk, 634050</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS) F-8559-2017, Author ID (Scopus) 57191170007</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7243-0055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поломошнова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polomoshnova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поломошнова Дарья Анатольевна – магистрант.</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria A. Polomoshnova - master degree student, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University.</p><p>30, Lenin Ave., Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-2753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сабуров</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saburov</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сабуров Вячеслав Олегович - научный сотрудник, и.о. заведующего лабораторией разработки и эксплуатации облучающей техники отдела радиационной биофизики.</p><p>249031, Обнинск, ул. Маршала Жукова, 10</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS) AAH-5803-2020, Author ID (Scopus) 57205359311</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vjacheslav O. Saburov - Researcher, Acting Head of the Laboratory for the Development and Operation of Irradiation Equipment, Radiation Biophysics Department, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>10, Marshala Zhukova St., Obninsk, 249031</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS) AAH-5803-2020, Author ID (Scopus) 57205359311</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3493-2319</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стучебров</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stuchebrov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стучебров Сергей Геннадьевич - кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, доцент Исследовательской школы физики высокоэнергетических процессов.</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 30</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS) C-7029-2015, Author ID (Scopus) 55247303500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei G. Stuchebrov - PhD, Associate Professor, Research School of High-Energy Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University.</p><p>30, Lenin Ave., Tomsk, 634050</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS) C-7029-2015, Author ID (Scopus) 55247303500</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет»; Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Милойчикова И.А., Булавская А.А., Поломошнова Д.А., Сабуров В.О., Стучебров С.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Милойчикова И.А., Булавская А.А., Поломошнова Д.А., Сабуров В.О., Стучебров С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Miloichikova I.A., Bulavskaya A.A., Polomoshnova D.A., Saburov V.O., Stuchebrov S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3356">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3356</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. При создании новых методик лучевой терапии интерес вызывают исследования биологических эффектов при воздействии редкоионизирующих (фотоны, электроны) и плотноионизирующих (протоны, ионы) излучений. При доклинических исследованиях важным является вопрос воспроизводимости экспериментальных результатов, полученных на разных системах с различным типом ионизирующего излучения. При оценке дозы эффективным инструментом становятся дозиметрические фантомы лабораторных животных, позволяющие стандартизировать испытания в разных условиях. Существующие фантомы зачастую не отвечают необходимым требованиям для решения специфических радиобиологических задач, например, при размещении внутри фантома биологических образцов или элементов дозиметрических систем. Таким образом, существует необходимость разработки метода изготовления дозиметрических фантомов, позволяющего точно воспроизводить изделия и модифицировать их конструкцию в соответствии с решаемой задачей. Цель исследования – провести численное моделирование характера взаимодействия изделий из ПЛА пластика, изготовленных методом послойной печати, с фотонным, электронным и протонным терапевтическими пучками, а также определить параметры трехмерной печати для имитации мягких тканей. Материал и методы. Для создания таких устройств предложено использовать технологии послойной печати пластиком, так как большинство полимеров близко по свойствам к биологическим тканям и применяется для изготовления стандартных фантомов. Важной особенностью трехмерной печати является возможность создания объектов с разными настройками, от которых зависят свойства изготавливаемых изделий. Методы численного моделирования использованы для исследования особенностей взаимодействия ПЛА пластика с различными видами ионизирующего излучения, применяемыми в радиотерапии. Результаты. Получены расчетные глубинные распределения разных видов излучения в мягких тканях и ПЛА пластике различной плотности. Показано, что для пучков фотонов и электронов при имитации жировой ткани необходимо использовать ПЛА пластик с плотностью 0,91 г/см3, что соответствует коэффициенту заполнения при печати – 75 %, для мышечной ткани – ПЛА пластик с плотностью 1,06 г/см3 (коэффициент заполнения – 88 %); для пучков протонов и ионов углерода: для жировой ткани – ПЛА пластик с плотностью 0,97 г/см3 (коэффициент заполнения – 80 %), для мышечной ткани – ПЛА пластик с плотностью 1,11 г/см3 (коэффициент заполнения – 93 %). Заключение. Характер взаимодействия ПЛА пластика с редкоионизирующим и плотноионизирующим излучением может отличаться, что крайне важно учитывать при планировании доклинических экспериментальных исследований с применением твердотельных дозиметрических фантомов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. In the development of new methods of radiotherapy, studies of the biological effects of sparsely (photons, electrons) and densely (protons, ions) ionizing radiation are relevant. Reproducibility is a challenge in preclinical studies. Dosimetric phantoms of laboratory animals are an effective tool for dose assessment, facilitating standardization of tests conducted under different conditions. existing phantoms often fail to address radiobiological issues like placing of biological samples or dosimetry detectors. A method for manufacturing dosimetric phantoms must be developed to accurately manufacturing products and modify their design in accordance with the task. Aim. This study develops a numerical model to simulate the interaction of photon, electron and proton therapeutic beams with 3D-printed PLA plastic samples and to determine the optimal 3D printing parameters for imitating soft tissues. Material and Methods. Fused filament fabrication proposed as effective means of creating such devices, given that the majority of polymers exhibit properties closely aligned with those of biological tissues, are employed in the manufacture of standard phantoms. A major advantage of 3D printing is the ability to make items with different specifications. Numerical simulation was employed to investigate the interaction of PLA plastic with an ionizing radiation used in radiotherapy. Results. the calculated depth dose distributions of different types of radiation in soft tissues and PLA plastic of varying densities were obtained. It was demonstrated that for adipose imitation using photons and electrons, it is necessary to utilise PLA plastic 3D-printed samples with a density of 0.91 g/cm³ (fill factor of 75 %); for muscle – 1.06 g/ cm³ (fill factor of 88 %). For proton and carbon ion, the density of PLA plastic samples for adipose imitation was determined to be 0.97 g/cm³ (fill factor of 80 %); for muscle – 1.11 g/cm³ (fill factor of 93 %). Conclusion. The study demonstrates that the interaction of PLA plastic with rarely and densely ionizing radiation may be differed. This is a crucial consideration when planning experiments using solid-state dosimetric phantoms.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дозиметрический фантом</kwd><kwd>доклинические исследования</kwd><kwd>численное моделирование</kwd><kwd>метод Монте-Карло</kwd><kwd>процентная глубинная доза</kwd><kwd>технологии трехмерной печати</kwd><kwd>ПЛА пластик</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dosimetric phantom</kwd><kwd>preclinical studies</kwd><kwd>numerical simulation</kwd><kwd>Monte Carlo method</kwd><kwd>percentage depth dose distribution</kwd><kwd>3D printing technologies</kwd><kwd>PLA plastic</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 24-29-00642).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 24-29-00642.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жуйкова Л.Д., Чойнзонов Е.Л., Ананина О.А., Одинцова И.Н. 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