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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2025-24-4-29-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-3760</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>HER2-low статус как динамический биомаркер при раке молочной железы: молекулярные и клинические корреляции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HER2-low status as a dynamic biomarker in breast cancer: molecular and clinical correlations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0698-7710</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стукань</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stukan</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стукань Анастасия Игоревна, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии; онколог; онколог </p><p>350063, г. Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia I. Stukan, MD, PhD, Assistent, Department of Oncology with a Course in Thoracic Surgery; Oncologist; Oncologist </p><p>4, Sedina St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1195-4008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вторушин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vtorushin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вторушин Сергей Владимирович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель директора по науке и трансляционной медицине, заведующий отделением общей и молекулярной патологии, Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии; профессор кафедры патологической анатомии Researcher ID (WOS): S-3789-2016. </p><p>634009, г. Томск, пер. Кооперативный, 5;634050, г. Томск, Московский тракт, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Vtorushin, MD, DSc, Professor, Deputy Director for Science and Translational Medicine, Head of the Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute; Professor, Department of Pathological Anatomy Researcher ID (WOS): S-3789-2016.</p><p>5, Kooperativny St., Tomsk, 634009;2, Moskovsky Trakt, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wtorushin@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1786-6906</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богдан</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdan</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богдан Александр Петрович, кандидат медицинских наук, директор Института непрерывного образования; доцент кафедры кардиохирургии и кардиологии </p><p>350063, г. Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander P. Bogdan, MD, PhD, Director, Institute of Continuing Education; Associate Professor, Department of Cardiosurgery and Cardiology </p><p>4, Sedina St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-6691</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семиглазова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semiglazova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семиглазова Татьяна Юрьевна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделом инновационных методов терапевтической онкологии и реабилитации; профессор кафедры онкологии; профессор кафедры онкологии Author ID (Scopus): 8562948700.</p><p>197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana Yu. Semiglazova, MD, DSc, Head of the Department of Innovative Methods of Therapeutic Oncology and Rehabilitation; Professor, Department of Oncology; Professor, Department of Oncology Author ID (Scopus): 8562948700.</p><p>68, Leningradskaya St., Pesochny, Saint Petersburg, 197758</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-3306</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрина</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudrina</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрина Виктория Валериевна, аспирант кафедры онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии; онколог </p><p>350063, г. Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4;350040, Краснодар, ул. Димитрова, 146</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria V. Kudrina, MD, Postgraduate, Department of Oncology with a Course in Thoracic Surgery; Oncologist </p><p>4, Sedina St., Krasnodar, 350063;146, Dimitrova St., Krasnodar, 350040</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бодня</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bodnya</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бодня Вадим Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии; торакальный хирург </p><p>350063, г. Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4;350086, Краснодар, ул. 1 Мая, 167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim N. Bodnya, MD, DSc, Associate Professor, Department of Oncology with a Course in Thoracic Surgery; Thoracic Surgeon </p><p>4, Sedina St., Krasnodar, 350063;167, 1st May St., Krasnodar, 350086</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порханов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porkhanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Порханов Владимир Алексеевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии; главный врач </p><p>350063, г. Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4;350086, Краснодар, ул. 1 Мая, 167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Porkhanov, MD, DSc, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Oncology with a Course in Thoracic Surgery; Chief Physician </p><p>4, Sedina St., Krasnodar, 350063;167, 1st May St., Krasnodar, 350086</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1282-0425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Довлатбекян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dovlatbekyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Довлатбекян Араксия Альбертовна, онколог </p><p>350051, г. Краснодар, проезд им. Репина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Araksiya A. Dovlatbekyan, MD, Oncologist </p><p>Build. 3, Repin Lane, Krasnodar, 350051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5890-3467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чагиев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chagiev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чагиев Магомед Ахметович, ассистент кафедры нормальной анатомии </p><p>350063, г. Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Magomed A. Chagiev, Assistant, Department of Normal Anatomy </p><p>4, Sedina St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3346-6373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наниз</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naniz</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наниз Аскер Ахмедович, онколог </p><p>350040, Краснодар, ул. Димитрова, 146</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asker A. Naniz, MD, Oncologist </p><p>146, Dimitrova St., Krasnodar, 350040</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБУЗ «Клинический онкологический диспансер № 1» Минздрава Краснодарского края Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Clinical Oncology Hospital No. 1, Ministry of Health of the Krasnodar Krai</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБУЗ Научно-исследовательский институт – Краевая клиническая больница № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Scientifc Research Institute – Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after Prof. S.V. Ochapovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЦАОП ГБУЗ НИИ – Краевая клиническая больница №1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Outpatient Oncology Care – Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after Prof. S.V. Ochapovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Клинический онкологический диспансер № 1» Минздрава Краснодарского края Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Oncology Hospital No. 1, Ministry of Health of the Krasnodar Krai</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стукань А.И., Вторушин С.В., Богдан А.П., Семиглазова Т.Ю., Кудрина В.В., Бодня В.Н., Порханов В.А., Довлатбекян А.А., Чагиев М.А., Наниз А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стукань А.И., Вторушин С.В., Богдан А.П., Семиглазова Т.Ю., Кудрина В.В., Бодня В.Н., Порханов В.А., Довлатбекян А.А., Чагиев М.А., Наниз А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stukan A.I., Vtorushin S.V., Bogdan A.P., Semiglazova T.Y., Kudrina V.V., Bodnya V.N., Porkhanov V.A., Dovlatbekyan A.A., Chagiev M.A., Naniz A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3760">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3760</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Большинство случаев рака молочной железы (РМЖ) имеют HER2-low статус (иммуногистохимическое окрашивание 1+ или 2+ при отрицательном FISH). Прогностическая значимость HER2-low статуса остается спорной, но выявлены его иммуносупрессивная активность и нарушение пути cGAS-STING. Трастузумаб дерукстекан эффективен при HER2-low статусе благодаря иммуномодулирующим свойствам. Разработка новых стратегий таргетной терапии HER2 актуальна для коррекции иммуносупрессивного микроокружения. Цель исследования – изучить молекулярные особенности и клиническую значимость HER2-low статуса в зависимости от генетического профиля HER2-негативного РМЖ. Материал и методы. В ретроспективное исследование (2022–23 гг.) включено 282 больных наследственным и спорадическим РМЖ. Проведен генетический анализ мутаций генов HRR (НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова), оценены TILs и лечебный патоморфоз. Иммуногистохимия первичной опухоли включала антитела к рецепторам эстрогена, прогестерона, HER2, Ki67, CD8, CD4, CD68, CD163. Статистический анализ выполнен с использованием IBM SPSS Statistics v.22. Результаты. Наследственный РМЖ чаще связан с HER2-zero статусом из-за мутаций BRCA1/2 (p&lt;0,001), в то время как мутации других генов HRR связаны с HER2-low статусом (p&lt;0,05). HER2-low статус ассоциирован с люминальным А подтипом, низкой иммунной инфильтрацией (TILs 1 балл), преобладанием макрофагальной реакции (CD68≥67 %) и низким уровнем Т-лимфоцитов (CD4+T-ЛФ&lt;2,5 %, CD8+Т-ЛФ&lt;6 %), что снижает эффективность химиотерапии. При люминальном подтипе HER2-low не влияет на выживаемость без проявлений заболевания (ВБПЗ), но улучшает ВБПЗ у женщин моложе 43 лет. Наличие mBRCA2 ухудшает выживаемость при HER2-zero статусе, а mBRCA1 – при HER2- low статусе ТНРМЖ. HER2-low статус демонстрирует дискордантность между первичной опухолью и метастазами, чаще переходя в HER2-low при люминальном HER2-zero. Заключение. HER2-low статус важен как биомаркер при прогрессирующем РМЖ, требующем повторного анализа для расширения возможностей терапии. Необходимы дальнейшая разработка и оптимизация лечебных стратегий РМЖ с учетом молекулярного профиля и микроокружения опухоли.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The majority of breast cancers (BC) are HER2-low defined by an immunohistochemical score of 1+ or 2+ with a negativefluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test.The prognostic significance of HER2- low BC remains controversial, but demonstrates immunosuppressive activity and disruption of the cGAS- STING pathway. Trastuzumab-deruxtecan is effective in HER2-low due to its immunomodulatory properties. The development of new HER2-targeted therapy is relevant for the correction of the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Objective: to study the molecular features and clinical significance of HER2-low status depending on the genetic profile of HER2-negative breast cancer. Material and Methods. A retrospective study (2022–2023) included 282 patients with hereditary and sporadic BC. A genetic analysis of HRR gene mutations was performed at N.N. Petrov National Research Medical Center of Oncology. TILs and pathological response were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry included antibodies to estrogen, progesterone, HER2, Ki67, CD8, CD4, CD68, and CD163 receptors. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.22. Results. Hereditary BC is often associated with HER2-zero status due to mBRCA1/2 (p&lt;0.001), while mutations in other HRR genes are associated with HER2-low status (p&lt;0.05). HER2-low BC is associated with the luminal A subtype, low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs 1 score), high proportion of macrophages (CD68≥67 %) and low level of T-lymphocytes (CD4+TILs&lt;2.5 %, CD8+TILs&lt;6 %), which reduces the effectiveness of chemotherapy. With the luminal subtype, HER2-low does not affect diseasefree survival (DFS), but it improves DFS in women under the age of 43 years. The presence of mBRCA2 worsens survival in HER2-zero status, and mBRCA1 in HER2-low breast cancer status. HER2-low status demonstrates discordance between the primary tumor and its metastases, with a common shift from HER2- zero to HER2-low. Conclusion. HER2-low status is a biomarker in advanced BC that expands therapeutic options. Further development and optimization of breast cancer treatment strategies is required, taking into account the molecular profile and microenvironment of the tumor.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>HER2-негативный рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>HER2-low статус</kwd><kwd>мутации BRCA 1/2</kwd><kwd>опухоль-инфильтрирующие лимфоциты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HER2-negative breast cancer</kwd><kwd>HER2-low status</kwd><kwd>BRCA1/2 mutations</kwd><kwd>tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Cancer Genome Atlas Network. Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature. 2012; 490(7418): 61–70. doi:10.1038/nature11412.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Cancer Genome Atlas Network. Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours. 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