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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2025-24-5-27-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-3855</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ моделей машинного обучения для прогнозирования антрациклин-индуцированной кардиотоксичности у пациентов с онкогематологическими заболеваниями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of machine learning models for predicting anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with hematologic malignancies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3160-3974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эль-Хатиб</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>El-Khatib</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эль-Хатиб Марьям Аднан Ибрагим - кандидат медицинских наук, гематолог отделения гематологии (гематологии и химиотерапии), ФГБУ «Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака» Минздрава России; доцент кафедры внутренних болезней № 3, ФГБОУ ВО «Донецкий ГМУ им. М. Горького» Минздрава России.</p><p>Донецкая Народная Республика, 283045, г.о. Донецк, Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47; Донецкая Народная Республика 283003, г.о. Донецк, Донецк, пр-т Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maryam Adnan Ibrahim El-Khatib - MD, PhD, Hematologist, Department of Hematology (Hematology and Chemotherapy), V.K. Gusak Institute of Emergency and Reconstructive Surgery, MHR; Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine No. 3, M. Gorky Donetsk State Medical University, MHR.</p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283045; 16, Ilyicha Ave., Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">el-khatib.mariam@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-4428</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солопов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solopov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солопов Максим Витальевич - биолог лаборатории клеточного и тканевого культивирования</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 57196187773</p><p>Донецкая Народная Республика, 283045, г.о. Донецк, Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim V. Solopov - Biologist, Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Cultivation</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 57196187773</p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283045</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0656-7097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Склянная</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyannaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Склянная Елена Валериевна - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделом гематологии, ФГБУ «Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака» Минздрава России; доцент кафедры внутренних болезней № 3, ФГБОУ ВО «Донецкий ГМУ им. М. Горького» Минздрава России.</p><p>Донецкая Народная Республика, 283045, г.о. Донецк, Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47; Донецкая Народная Республика 283003, г.о. Донецк, Донецк, пр-т Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Sklyannaya - MD, PhD, Head of the Hematology Department, V.K. Gusak Institute of Emergency and Reconstructive Surgery, Ministry of Health of Russia; Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine No. 3, M. Gorky Donetsk State Medical University, MHR</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 6505508326</p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283045; 16, Ilyicha Ave., Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283003</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9755-1869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попандопуло</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popandopulo</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попандопуло Андрей Геннадиевич - доктор медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией клеточного и тканевого культивирования, хирург</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 12782689700</p><p>Донецкая Народная Республика, 283045, г.о. Донецк, Донецк, пр. Ленинский, 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey G. Popandopulo - MD, DSc, Head of the Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Cultivation, Surgeon</p><p>Author ID (Scopus): 12782689700</p><p>47, Leninsky Ave., Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, 283045</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Донецкий государственный медицинский университет им. М. Горького» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.K. Gusak Institute of Emergency and Reconstructive Surgery, Ministry of Health of Russia; M. Gorky Donetsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Институт неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.K. Gusak Institute of Emergency and Reconstructive Surgery, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Эль-Хатиб М.А., Солопов М.В., Склянная Е.В., Попандопуло А.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эль-Хатиб М.А., Солопов М.В., Склянная Е.В., Попандопуло А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">El-Khatib M.A., Solopov M.V., Sklyannaya E.V., Popandopulo A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3855">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3855</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – разработка и валидация модели прогнозирования антрациклин-индуцированной кардиотоксичности (АИК) у пациентов с онкогематологическими заболеваниями. Задача решалась в два этапа: сравнительный анализ эффективности различных алгоритмов машинного обучения для выбора наиболее точной и устойчивой модели; идентификация наиболее значимых клинико-инструментальных предикторов на основе лучшей из протестированных моделей.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В проспективное исследование включено 155 пациентов (возраст 18–74 года) с онкогематологическими заболеваниями, получавших антрациклины. Анализировались клинические данные, уровни биомаркеров (NT-proBNP, тропонин I) и эхокардиографические параметры диастолической функции (E', E/E', LAVI). Данные проходили предобработку (стандартизация, one-hot encoding), дисбаланс классов устранялся методом SMOTETomek. Модели обучались и оценивались с использованием 5-кратной стратифицированной кросс-валидации по метрикам F1-меры, AUC-ROC, точности и полноты.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Статистически значимыми предикторами АИК явились уровни NT-proBNP (p&lt;0,001), TropI (p=0,004), эхокардиографические параметры E' (p&lt;0,001) и LAVI (p&lt;0,001). Включение возраста и соотношения E/E' дополнительно улучшило прогностическую ценность моделей. Логистическая регрессия продемонстрировала наилучшую производительность (F1 0,943 ± 0,070, AUC-ROC 0,963 ± 0,051) при идеальной точности (1,00 ± 0,00) и высокой полноте (0,90 ± 0,12). Линейный дискриминантный анализ показал сопоставимые результаты (F1 0,921 ± 0,066, AUC-ROC 0,963 ± 0,046). Анализ важности признаков в наиболее эффективных моделях (LogReg, LDA) выявил, что наибольший вклад в прогноз вносит эхокардиографический параметр E'. Линейные модели превзошли более сложные алгоритмы (нейронные сети, ансамблевые методы) в данном исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Линейные модели, в частности логистическая регрессия, показывают высокую точность и надежность в прогнозировании АИК при использовании комбинации биомаркеров и эхокардиографических показателей диастолической функции в качестве предикторов. Данные модели обладают потенциалом для клинического применения с целью стратификации риска и своевременного начала кардиопротективной терапии. Необходима дальнейшая валидация модели на выборках пациентов из разных медицинских центров.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: a comparative study of various machine learning algorithms (AdaBoost, k-nearest neighbors, linear discriminant analysis, logistic regression, neural networks, random forest, stochastic gradient descent, support vector machines, XGBoost) for predicting anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) in patients with haematological cancer using clinical and instrumental predictors.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. A prospective study included 155 haematological cancer patients receiving anthracycline-containing therapy. The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 74 years. Clinical data, biomarker levels (NT-proBNP, troponin I), and echocardiographic parameters of diastolic function (E’, E/E’, LAVI) were analyzed. Data underwent preprocessing (standardization, one-hot encoding), and class imbalance was addressed using SMOTETomek. Models were trained and evaluated via 5-fold stratified cross-validation using F1-score, AUC-ROC, precision, and recall metrics.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Statistically significant predictors of AIC included NT-proBNP (p&lt;0.001), troponin I (p=0.004), and echocardiographic parameters E’ (p&lt;0.001) and LAVI (p&lt;0.001). Incorporating age and E/E’ ratio further enhanced the model predictive value. Logistic regression demonstrated optimal performance (F1 0.943 ± 0.070, AUC-ROC 0.963 ± 0.051) with perfect precision (1.00 ± 0.00) and high recall (0.90 ± 0.12). Linear discriminant analysis yielded comparable results (F1 0.921 ± 0.066, AUC-ROC 0.963 ± 0.046). Linear models outperformed more complex algorithms (neural networks, ensemble methods).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Linear models, particularly logistic regression, exhibit high accuracy and reliability in predicting AIC using combined biomarkers and echocardiographic diastolic function parameters. These models show potential for clinical implementation in risk stratification and timely initiation of cardioprotective therapy. Further validation across multi-center patient cohorts is warranted.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антрациклин-индуцированная кардиотоксичность</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>эхокардиография</kwd><kwd>онкогематология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>prediction</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>echocardiography</kwd><kwd>oncohaematology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Результаты получены при грантовом финансировании Фонда поддержки молодых ученых в области биомедицинских наук на основании договора № 03/2025 от 31.01.2025 г.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The results were obtained with the grant funding of the Foundation for Support of Young Scientists in Biomedical Sciences on the basis of the contract No. 03/2025 dated 31.01.2025</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васюк Ю.А., Школьник Е.Л., Несветов В.В., Школьник Л.Д., Варлан Г.В. 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