<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2025-24-5-140-162</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-3866</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы и перспективы использования наноразмерных терапевтических молекулярных композиций в онкологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Challenges and prospects of using nanoscale therapeutic molecular compositions in oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2311-2219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольховский</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olkhovskiy</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольховский Игорь Алексеевич  - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, ФГБНУ ФИЦ «Красноярский научный центр СО РАН; директор, Красноярский филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России; доцент кафедры кардиологии, функциональной и клинико-лабораторной диагностики, ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский ГМУ им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого».</p><p>660036, Красноярск, ул. Академгородок, 50; 660036, Красноярск, ул. Академгородок, 50, стр. 45; 660022, Красноярск, ул. П. Железняка, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Olkhovskiy - MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the SB RAS; Director, Krasnoyarsk branch of the National Medical Research Center for Hematology; Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, Functional and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Postgraduate Education, V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk SMU.</p><p>50/45, Akademgorodok St., Krasnoyarsk, 660036; 50/45, Akademgorodok St., Krasnoyarsk, 660036; 1, P. Zeleznyak St., 660022, Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krashemcenter@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-3020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуков</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zukov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зуков Руслан Александрович - доктор медицинских наук, главный врач, КГБУЗ «Красноярский краевой клинический онкологический диспансер им. А.И. Крыжановского»; заведующий кафедрой онкологии и лучевой терапии с курсом ПО, ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский ГМУ им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого».</p><p>660133, Красноярск, ул. 1-я Смоленская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan A. Zukov - MD, DSc, Chief Physician, A.I. Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center; Head of the Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy with a PO Course, V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk SMU.</p><p>16, Pervaya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk, 660133</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-9844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столяр</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolyar</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Столяр Марина Александровна – лаборант.</p><p>660036, Красноярск, ул. Академгородок, 50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Stolyar - Laboratory Assistant.</p><p>50/45, Akademgorodok St., Krasnoyarsk, 660036</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-8861</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>S</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Li Suping - Лаборатория Китайской - академии наук по изучению биомедицинских эффектов наноматериалов и нанобезопасности.</p><p>100190, г. Пекин, ул. Чжунгуаньцунь Бэйитяо, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Suping Li - CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience.</p><p>11, Zhongguancun Beiyitiao St., Beijing, 100190</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Федеральный исследовательский центр «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»; Красноярский филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Krasnoyarsk branch of the National Medical Research Center for Hematology; V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>КГБУЗ «Красноярский краевой клинический онкологический диспансер им. А.И. Крыжановского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Федеральный исследовательский центр «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Лаборатория Китайской академии наук по изучению биомедицинских эффектов наноматериалов и нанобезопасности, Наноцентр передового опыта Китайской академии наук Национального центра нанонауки и технологий</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center of Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>140</fpage><lpage>162</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ольховский И.А., Зуков Р.А., Столяр М.А., Li S., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ольховский И.А., Зуков Р.А., Столяр М.А., Li S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Olkhovskiy I.A., Zukov R.A., Stolyar M.A., Li S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3866">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/3866</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Развитие технологий конструирования наноразмерных частиц позволило разработать множество экспериментальных молекулярных композиций, демонстрирующих высокий потенциал для улучшения традиционных подходов в лечении злокачественных новообразований. Вместе с тем, лишь единичные препараты успешно проходят третью фазу клинических исследований и получают одобрение для использования в практической деятельности. Анализ преимуществ и недостатков отдельных наноконструкций, проблемы их широкого медицинского применения, а также тенденции дальнейшего развития этого перспективного направления представляют несомненный интерес как для экспериментальной, так и для клинической онкологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проанализированы результаты поиска по научным базам данных PubMed, Medline, по научной электронной библиотеке eLibrary.ru, а также в базе данных регистрации клинических исследований https://clinicaltrials.gov по следующим ключевым словам: nanoparticles, nanomaterials, nanomedicines и cancer (наночастицы, наноматериалы и нанолекарства при раке). Для данного обзора литературы подобраны 62 актуальные статьи зарубежных и отечественных авторов, опубликованные за период с 2015 по 2025 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Преимущества наноразмерных молекулярных композиций во многом обусловлены их способностью к избирательному накоплению в области опухолевого роста, что позволяет обеспечивать целенаправленную доставку противоопухолевых средств и ведет к повышению терапевтической эффективности. Существующие проблемы практического применения данной группы препаратов связаны с обеспечением их стабильности и безопасности, а также с высокой вариабельностью локальных условий микроокружения опухолевых клеток.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Перспективные направления разработки наноразмерных препаратов сосредоточены на интеграции различных химических компонентов и адресных молекул-лигандов для контролируемой целевой доставки как таргетных противоопухолевых, так и иммуномодулирующих средств.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Advances in nanoparticle design technologies have enabled the development of numerous experimental molecular compositions that demonstrate high potential for improving traditional approaches to cancer treatment. However, only a few drugs successfully complete phase III clinical trials and receive approval for clinical use. Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of nanomedicines, the challenges of their widespread medical application, and further development of this promising field are of undoubted interest to both experimental and clinical oncology.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The results of a search in the scientific databases PubMed, Medline, in the scientific electronic library eLibrary.ru, as well as in the clinical trials registration database https://clinicaltrials.gov were analyzed for the following queries – keywords: nanoparticles, nanomaterials, nanomedicines and cancer (nanoparticles, nanomaterials and nanomedicines for cancer). For this literature review, 60 relevant articles by internastional and domestic authors published between 2015 and 2025 were selected.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Nanosized molecular compositions offer advantages in cancer therapy primarily through selective tumor accumulation, which enables targeted delivery of antitumor agents and leads to increased therapeutic efficacy. The existing challenges in practical application of this group of drugs are associated with ensuring their stability and safety, as well as with the high variability of the tumor cell microenvironment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The prospects of nanodrug development focus on integrating various nanomaterials with targeted ligands to deliver antitumor and immunomodulatory agents directly to tumors, with a focus on personalized strategies that consider individual tumor characteristics.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наноматериалы</kwd><kwd>наночастицы</kwd><kwd>наноразмерные композиции</kwd><kwd>злокачественные новообразования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nanomaterials</kwd><kwd>nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>nanoscale compositions</kwd><kwd>cancer</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-15-00094, https://rscf.ru/project/25-15-00094/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation No. 25-15-00094, https://rscf.ru/project/2515-00094/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fan D., Cao Y., Cao M., Wang Y., Cao Y., Gong T. Nanomedicine in cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023; 8(1): 293. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01536-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fan D., Cao Y., Cao M., Wang Y., Cao Y., Gong T. Nanomedicine in cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023; 8(1): 293. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01536-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Становая А., Жогла В., Галец-Буй И., Лозникова С., Щербин Д. Наночастицы в терапии злокачественных новообразований. Наука и инновации. 2023; 1(4): 77–83. doi: 10.29235/1818-9857-2023-04-77-83. EDN: SECHOR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stanovaya A., Zhogla V., Galets-Buy I., Loznikova S., Shcherbin D. Nanoparticles in the treatment of malignant neoplasms. Science and Innovations. 2023; 1(4): 77–83. (in Russian). doi: 10.29235/1818-9857-2023-04-77-83. EDN: SECHOR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Egwu C.O., Aloke C., Onwe K.T., Umoke C.I., Nwafor J., Eyo R.A., Chukwu J.A., Ufebe G.O., Ladokun J., Audu D.T., Agwu A.O., Obasi D.C., Okoro C.O. Nanomaterials in Drug Delivery: Strengths and Opportunities in Medicine. Molecules. 2024; 29(11): 2584. doi: 10.3390/molecules29112584.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egwu C.O., Aloke C., Onwe K.T., Umoke C.I., Nwafor J., Eyo R.A., Chukwu J.A., Ufebe G.O., Ladokun J., Audu D.T., Agwu A.O., Obasi D.C., Okoro C.O. Nanomaterials in Drug Delivery: Strengths and Opportunities in Medicine. Molecules. 2024; 29(11): 2584. doi: 10.3390/molecules29112584.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun L., Liu H., Ye Y., Lei Y., Islam R., Tan S., Tong R., Miao Y.B., Cai L. Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023; 8(1): 418. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01642-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun L., Liu H., Ye Y., Lei Y., Islam R., Tan S., Tong R., Miao Y.B., Cai L. Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023; 8(1): 418. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01642-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gavas S., Quazi S., Karpiński T.M. Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Current Progress and Challenges. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2021; 16(1): 173. doi: 10.1186/s11671-021-03628-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gavas S., Quazi S., Karpiński T.M. Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Current Progress and Challenges. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2021; 16(1): 173. doi: 10.1186/s11671-021-03628-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yao Y., Zhou Y., Liu L., Xu Y., Chen Q., Wang Y., Wu S., Deng Y., Zhang J., Shao A. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy and Its Role in Overcoming Drug Resistance. Front Mol Biosci. 2020; 7: 193. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yao Y., Zhou Y., Liu L., Xu Y., Chen Q., Wang Y., Wu S., Deng Y., Zhang J., Shao A. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy and Its Role in Overcoming Drug Resistance. Front Mol Biosci. 2020; 7: 193. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00193.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu X., Li M., Woo S. Subcellular Drug Distribution: Exploring Organelle-Specific Characteristics for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(9): 1167. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu X., Li M., Woo S. Subcellular Drug Distribution: Exploring Organelle-Specific Characteristics for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(9): 1167. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091167.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharifi M., Cho W.C., Ansariesfahani A., Tarharoudi R., Malekisarvar H., Sari S., Bloukh S.H., Edis Z., Amin M., Gleghorn J.P., Hagen T.L.M.T., Falahati M. An Updated Review on EPR-Based Solid Tumor Targeting Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14(12): 2868. doi: 10.3390/cancers14122868.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharifi M., Cho W.C., Ansariesfahani A., Tarharoudi R., Malekisarvar H., Sari S., Bloukh S.H., Edis Z., Amin M., Gleghorn J.P., Hagen T.L.M.T., Falahati M. An Updated Review on EPR-Based Solid Tumor Targeting Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14(12): 2868. doi: 10.3390/cancers14122868.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anderson N.M., Simon M.C. The tumor microenvironment. Curr Biol. 2020; 30(16): R921–R925. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.081.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anderson N.M., Simon M.C. The tumor microenvironment. Curr Biol. 2020; 30(16): R921–R925. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.081.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tie Y., Tang F., Wei Y.Q., Wei X.W. Immunosuppressive cells in cancer: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. J Hematol Oncol. 2022; 15(1): 61. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01282-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tie Y., Tang F., Wei Y.Q., Wei X.W. Immunosuppressive cells in cancer: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. J Hematol Oncol. 2022; 15(1): 61. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01282-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ciepła J., Smolarczyk R. Tumor hypoxia unveiled: insights into microenvironment, detection tools and emerging therapies. Clin Exp Med. 2024; 235. doi: 10.1007/s10238-024-01501-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ciepła J., Smolarczyk R. Tumor hypoxia unveiled: insights into microenvironment, detection tools and emerging therapies. Clin Exp Med. 2024; 235. doi: 10.1007/s10238-024-01501-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Джалилова Д.Ш., Макарова О.В. HIF-опосредованные механизмы взаимосвязи устойчивости к гипоксии и опухолевого роста (обзор). Биохимия. 2021; 86(10): 1403–22. doi: 10.31857/S0320972521100018. EDN: XCYACK.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzhalilova D.S., Makarova O.V. HIF-dependent mechanisms of relationship between hypoxia tolerance and tumor development. Biochemistry. 2021; 86(10): 1403–22. (in Russian). doi: 10.31857/S0320972521100018. EDN: XCYACK.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yan Y., Li H., Yao H., Cheng X. Nanodelivery Systems Delivering Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha Short Interfering RNA and Antisense Oligonucleotide for Cancer Treatment. Front. Nanotechnol. 2022; 4: 932976–93. doi: 10.3389/fnano.2022.932976.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yan Y., Li H., Yao H., Cheng X. Nanodelivery Systems Delivering Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha Short Interfering RNA and Antisense Oligonucleotide for Cancer Treatment. Front. Nanotechnol. 2022; 4: 932976–93. doi: 10.3389/fnano.2022.932976.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zi Y., Yang K., He J., Wu Z., Liu J., Zhang W. Strategies to enhance drug delivery to solid tumors by harnessing the EPR effects and alternative targeting mechanisms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022; 188: 114449. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114449.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zi Y., Yang K., He J., Wu Z., Liu J., Zhang W. Strategies to enhance drug delivery to solid tumors by harnessing the EPR effects and alternative targeting mechanisms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022; 188: 114449. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114449.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ding H., Tan P., Fu S., Tian X., Zhang H., Ma X., Gu, Z., Luo K. Preparation and application of pH-responsivedrug delivery systems. J Control Release. 2022; 348: 206–38. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.056.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ding H., Tan P., Fu S., Tian X., Zhang H., Ma X., Gu, Z., Luo K. Preparation and application of pH-responsivedrug delivery systems. J Control Release. 2022; 348: 206–38. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.056.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang X., Zhang H., Chen X., Wu C., Ding K., Sun G., Luo Y., Xiang D. Overcoming tumor microenvironment obstacles: Current approaches for boosting nanodrug delivery. Acta Biomater. 2023; 166: 42–68. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.05.043.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang X., Zhang H., Chen X., Wu C., Ding K., Sun G., Luo Y., Xiang D. Overcoming tumor microenvironment obstacles: Current approaches for boosting nanodrug delivery. Acta Biomater. 2023; 166: 42–68. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.05.043.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharifi M., Cho W.C., Ansariesfahani A., Tarharoudi R., Malekisarvar H., Sari S., Bloukh S.H., Edis Z., Amin M., Gleghorn J.P., Hagen T.L.M.T., Falahati M. An Updated Review on EPR-Based Solid Tumor Targeting Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14(12): 2868. doi: 10.3390/cancers14122868.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharifi M., Cho W.C., Ansariesfahani A., Tarharoudi R., Malekisarvar H., Sari S., Bloukh S.H., Edis Z., Amin M., Gleghorn J.P., Hagen T.L.M.T., Falahati M. An Updated Review on EPR-Based Solid Tumor Targeting Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14(12): 2868. doi: 10.3390/cancers14122868.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gholami A., Mohkam M., Soleimanian S., Sadraeian M., Lauto A. Bacterial nanotechnology as a paradigm in targeted cancer therapeutic delivery and immunotherapy. Microsyst Nanoeng. 2024; 10: 113. doi: 10.1038/s41378-024-00743-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gholami A., Mohkam M., Soleimanian S., Sadraeian M., Lauto A. Bacterial nanotechnology as a paradigm in targeted cancer therapeutic delivery and immunotherapy. Microsyst Nanoeng. 2024; 10: 113. doi: 10.1038/s41378-024-00743-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dutta B., Barick K.C., Hassan P.A. Recent advances in active targeting of nanomaterials for anticancer drug delivery. Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2021; 296: 102509. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102509.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dutta B., Barick K.C., Hassan P.A. Recent advances in active targeting of nanomaterials for anticancer drug delivery. Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2021; 296: 102509. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102509.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акентьева Н.П., Топунов А.Ф. Роль пептидов в тераностике онкологических заболеваний: монография. М., 2021. 172 с. ISBN: 978-5-907366-48-0. EDN: HLNAQM.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akentieva N.P., Topunov A.F. The role of peptides in theranostics of oncological diseases. Moscow, 2021. 172 p. (in Russian). ISBN: 978-5-907366-48-0. EDN: HLNAQM.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beach M.A., Nayanathara U., Gao Y., Zhang C., Xiong Y., Wang Y., Such G.K. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Chem Rev. 2024; 124(9): 5505–616. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00705.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beach M.A., Nayanathara U., Gao Y., Zhang C., Xiong Y., Wang Y., Such G.K. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Chem Rev. 2024; 124(9): 5505–616. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00705.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dilliard S.A., Cheng Q., Siegwart D.J. On the mechanism of tissue-specific mRNA delivery by selective organ targeting nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2021; 118(52): e2109256118. doi: 10.1073/ pnas.2109256118.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dilliard S.A., Cheng Q., Siegwart D.J. On the mechanism of tissue-specific mRNA delivery by selective organ targeting nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2021; 118(52): e2109256118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2109256118.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu C., Zhang L., Zhu W., Guo R., Sun H., Chen X., Deng N. Barriers and Strategies of Cationic Liposomes for Cancer Gene Therapy. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2020; 18: 751–64. doi: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.07.015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu C., Zhang L., Zhu W., Guo R., Sun H., Chen X., Deng N. Barriers and Strategies of Cationic Liposomes for Cancer Gene Therapy. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2020; 18: 751–64. doi: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.07.015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang D., Wang G., Yu X., Wei T., Farbiak L., Johnson L.T., Taylor A.M., Xu J., Hong Y., Zhu H., Siegwart D.J. Enhancing CRISPR/ Cas gene editing through modulating cellular mechanical properties for cancer therapy. Nat Nanotechnol. 2022; 17(7): 777–87. doi: 10.1038/s41565-022-01122-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang D., Wang G., Yu X., Wei T., Farbiak L., Johnson L.T., Taylor A.M., Xu J., Hong Y., Zhu H., Siegwart D.J. Enhancing CRISPR/ Cas gene editing through modulating cellular mechanical properties for cancer therapy. Nat Nanotechnol. 2022; 17(7): 777–87. doi: 10.1038/s41565-022-01122-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rao L., Zhao S.K., Wen C., Tian R., Lin L., Cai B., Sun Y., Kang F., Yang Z., He L., Mu J., Meng Q.F., Yao G., Xie N., Chen X. Activating Macrophage-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy by Genetically Edited Nanoparticles. Adv Mater. 2020; 32(47): e2004853. doi: 10.1002/adma.202004853.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rao L., Zhao S.K., Wen C., Tian R., Lin L., Cai B., Sun Y., Kang F., Yang Z., He L., Mu J., Meng Q.F., Yao G., Xie N., Chen X. Activating Macrophage-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy by Genetically Edited Nanoparticles. Adv Mater. 2020; 32(47): e2004853. doi: 10.1002/adma.202004853.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang D., Dong H., Li M., Cao Y., Yang F., Zhang K., Dai W., Wang C., Zhang X. Erythrocyte-Cancer Hybrid Membrane Camouflaged Hollow Copper Sulfide Nanoparticles for Prolonged Circulation Life and Homotypic-Targeting Photothermal/Chemotherapy of Melanoma. ACS Nano. 2018; 12(6): 5241–52. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08355.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang D., Dong H., Li M., Cao Y., Yang F., Zhang K., Dai W., Wang C., Zhang X. Erythrocyte-Cancer Hybrid Membrane Camouflaged Hollow Copper Sulfide Nanoparticles for Prolonged Circulation Life and Homotypic-Targeting Photothermal/Chemotherapy of Melanoma. ACS Nano. 2018; 12(6): 5241–52. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08355.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li S., Lu Z., Wu S., Chu T., Li B., Qi F., Zhao Y., Nie G. The dynamic role of platelets in cancer progression and their therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Cancer. 2024; 24(1): 72–87. doi: 10.1038/s41568-023-00639-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li S., Lu Z., Wu S., Chu T., Li B., Qi F., Zhao Y., Nie G. The dynamic role of platelets in cancer progression and their therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Cancer. 2024; 24(1): 72–87. doi: 10.1038/s41568-023-00639-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li X., Hu L., Tan C., Wang X., Ran Q., Chen L., Li Z. Plateletpromoting drug delivery efficiency for inhibition of tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. Front Oncol. 2022; 12: 983874. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.983874.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li X., Hu L., Tan C., Wang X., Ran Q., Chen L., Li Z. Plateletpromoting drug delivery efficiency for inhibition of tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. Front Oncol. 2022; 12: 983874. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.983874.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang H., Wang X., Gao Z., Bao H., Yuan X., Chen C., Xia D., Wang X. A Platelet-Powered Drug Delivery System for Enhancing Chemotherapy Efficacy for Liver Cancer Using the Trojan Horse Strategy. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(7): 905. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070905.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang H., Wang X., Gao Z., Bao H., Yuan X., Chen C., Xia D., Wang X. A Platelet-Powered Drug Delivery System for Enhancing Chemotherapy Efficacy for Liver Cancer Using the Trojan Horse Strategy. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(7): 905. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070905.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tian J., Gao M., Zhu J., Xu H., Ji H., Xia D., Wang X. Platelets camouflaged nanovehicle improved bladder cancer immunotherapy by triggering pyroptosis. Theranostics. 2024; 14(17): 6692–707. doi: 10.7150/ thno.99040.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tian J., Gao M., Zhu J., Xu H., Ji H., Xia D., Wang X. Platelets camouflaged nanovehicle improved bladder cancer immunotherapy by triggering pyroptosis. Theranostics. 2024; 14(17): 6692–707. doi: 10.7150/thno.99040.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J., Zhu M., Nie G. Biomembrane-based nanostructures for cancer targeting and therapy: From synthetic liposomes to natural biomembranes and membrane-vesicles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2021; 178: 113974. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113974.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J., Zhu M., Nie G. Biomembrane-based nanostructures for cancer targeting and therapy: From synthetic liposomes to natural biomembranes and membrane-vesicles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2021; 178: 113974. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113974.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zocchi M.R., Tosetti F., Benelli R., Poggi A. Cancer Nanomedicine Special Issue Review Anticancer Drug Delivery with Nanoparticles: Extracellular Vesicles or Synthetic Nanobeads as Therapeutic Tools for Conventional Treatment or Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel). 2020; 12(7): 1886. doi: 10.3390/cancers12071886.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zocchi M.R., Tosetti F., Benelli R., Poggi A. Cancer Nanomedicine Special Issue Review Anticancer Drug Delivery with Nanoparticles: Extracellular Vesicles or Synthetic Nanobeads as Therapeutic Tools for Conventional Treatment or Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel). 2020; 12(7): 1886. doi: 10.3390/cancers12071886.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yong T., Zhang X., Bie N., Zhang H., Zhang X., Li F., Hakeem A., Hu J., Gan L., Santos H.A., Yang X. Tumor exosome-based nanoparticles are efficient drug carriers for chemotherapy. Nat Commun. 2019; 10(1): 3838. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11718-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yong T., Zhang X., Bie N., Zhang H., Zhang X., Li F., Hakeem A., Hu J., Gan L., Santos H.A., Yang X. Tumor exosome-based nanoparticles are efficient drug carriers for chemotherapy. Nat Commun. 2019; 10(1): 3838. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11718-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qu N., Song K., Ji Y., Liu M., Chen L., Lee R.J., Teng L. Albumin Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Int J Nanomedicine. 2024; 19: 6945–80. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S467876.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qu N., Song K., Ji Y., Liu M., Chen L., Lee R.J., Teng L. Albumin Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Int J Nanomedicine. 2024; 19: 6945–80. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S467876.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delfi M., Sartorius R., Ashrafizadeh M., Sharifi E., Zhang Y., de Berardinis P., Zarrabi A., Varma R.S., Tay F.R., Smith B.R., Makvandi P. Self-assembled peptide and protein nanostructures for anti-cancer therapy: Targeted delivery, stimuli-responsive devices and immunotherapy. Nano Today. 2021; 38: 101119. doi: 10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101119.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Delfi M., Sartorius R., Ashrafizadeh M., Sharifi E., Zhang Y., de Berardinis P., Zarrabi A., Varma R.S., Tay F.R., Smith B.R., Makvandi P. Self-assembled peptide and protein nanostructures for anti-cancer therapy: Targeted delivery, stimuli-responsive devices and immunotherapy. Nano Today. 2021; 38: 101119. doi: 10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101119.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hong F., Zhang F., Liu Y., Yan H. DNA Origami: Scaffolds for Creating Higher Order Structures. Chem Rev. 2017; 117(20): 12584–640. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00825.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hong F., Zhang F., Liu Y., Yan H. DNA Origami: Scaffolds for Creating Higher Order Structures. Chem Rev. 2017; 117(20): 12584–640. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00825.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fan Q., Li Z., Yin J., Xie M., Cui M., Fan C., Wang L., Chao J. Inhalable pH-responsive DNA tetrahedron nanoplatform for boosting anti-tumor immune responses against metastatic lung cancer. Biomaterials. 2023; 301: 122283. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122283.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fan Q., Li Z., Yin J., Xie M., Cui M., Fan C., Wang L., Chao J. Inhalable pH-responsive DNA tetrahedron nanoplatform for boosting anti-tumor immune responses against metastatic lung cancer. Biomaterials. 2023; 301: 122283. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122283.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang T., Tian T., Zhou R., Li S., Ma W., Zhang Y., Liu N., Shi S., Li Q., Xie X., Ge Y., Liu M., Zhang Q., Lin S., Cai X., Lin Y. Design, fabrication and applications of tetrahedral DNA nanostructure-based multifunctional complexes in drug delivery and biomedical treatment. Nat Protoc. 2020; 15(8): 2728–57. doi: 10.1038/s41596-020-0355-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang T., Tian T., Zhou R., Li S., Ma W., Zhang Y., Liu N., Shi S., Li Q., Xie X., Ge Y., Liu M., Zhang Q., Lin S., Cai X., Lin Y. Design, fabrication and applications of tetrahedral DNA nanostructure-based multifunctional complexes in drug delivery and biomedical treatment. Nat Protoc. 2020; 15(8): 2728–57. doi: 10.1038/s41596-020-0355-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hheidari A., Mohammadi J., Ghodousi M., Mahmoodi M., Ebrahimi S., Pishbin E., Rahdar A. Metal-based nanoparticle in cancer treatment: lessons learned and challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024; 12: 1436297. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1436297.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hheidari A., Mohammadi J., Ghodousi M., Mahmoodi M., Ebrahimi S., Pishbin E., Rahdar A. Metal-based nanoparticle in cancer treatment: lessons learned and challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024; 12: doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1436297.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гуляев Ю.В., Таранов И.В., Хомутов Г.Б., Кокшаров Ю.А. Магнитные наночастицы оксидов железа в медицинской радиоэлектронике. Журнал радиоэлектроники. 2023; 12. doi: 10.30898/1684-1719.2023.12.6. EDN: EQVDUB.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gulyaev Yu.V., Taranov I.V., Khomutov G.B., Koksharov Yu.A. Magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxides in medical radioelectronics. Journal of Radio Electronics. 2023; 12. (in Russian). doi: 10.30898/1684-1719.2023.12.6. EDN: EQVDUB.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Y., Zhang P., Tang W., McHugh K.J., Kershaw S.V., Jiao M., Huang X., Kalytchuk S., Perkinson C.F., Yue S., Qiao Y., Zhu L., Jing L., Gao M., Han B. Bright, Magnetic NIR-II Quantum Dot Probe for Sensitive Dual-Modality Imaging and Intensive Combination Therapy of Cancer. ACS Nano. 2022; 16(5): 8076–94. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01153.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Y., Zhang P., Tang W., McHugh K.J., Kershaw S.V., Jiao M., Huang X., Kalytchuk S., Perkinson C.F., Yue S., Qiao Y., Zhu L., Jing L., Gao M., Han B. Bright, Magnetic NIR-II Quantum Dot Probe for Sensitive Dual-Modality Imaging and Intensive Combination Therapy of Cancer. ACS Nano. 2022; 16(5): 8076–94. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01153.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Y., Zhou J., Wang L., Xie Z. Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide-Triggered MOF-Based Nanoenzyme for Synergic Cancer Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020; 12(27): 30213–20. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c08659.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Y., Zhou J., Wang L., Xie Z. Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide-Triggered MOF-Based Nanoenzyme for Synergic Cancer Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020; 12(27): 30213–20. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c08659.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xiao W., Zhao L., Sun Y., Yang X., Fu Q. Stimuli-Responsive Nanoradiosensitizers for Enhanced Cancer Radiotherapy. Small Methods. 2024; 8(1): e2301131. doi: 10.1002/smtd.202301131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xiao W., Zhao L., Sun Y., Yang X., Fu Q. Stimuli-Responsive Nanoradiosensitizers for Enhanced Cancer Radiotherapy. Small Methods. 2024; 8(1): e2301131. doi: 10.1002/smtd.202301131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonvalot S., Rutkowski P.L., Thariat J., Carrere S., Ducassou A., Sunyach M.P., Agoston P., Hong A., Mervoyer A., Rastrelli M., Moreno V., Li R.K., Tiangco B., Herraez A.C., Gronchi A., Mangel L., Sy-Ortin T., Hohenberger P., de Baère T., Le Cesne A., Helfre S., Saada-Bouzid E., Borkowska A., Anghel R., Co A., Gebhart M., Kantor G., Montero A., Loong H.H., Vergés R., Lapeire L., Dema S., Kacso G., Austen L., Moureau-Zabotto L., Servois V., Wardelmann E., Terrier P., Lazar A.J., Bovée J.V.M.G., Le Péchoux C., Papai Z. NBTXR3, afirst-in-class radioenhancer hafnium oxide nanoparticle, plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (Act.In.Sarc): amulticentre, phase 2-3, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019. 20; 8: 1148–59. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30326-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonvalot S., Rutkowski P.L., Thariat J., Carrere S., Ducassou A., Sunyach M.P., Agoston P., Hong A., Mervoyer A., Rastrelli M., Moreno V., Li R.K., Tiangco B., Herraez A.C., Gronchi A., Mangel L., Sy-Ortin T., Hohenberger P., de Baère T., Le Cesne A., Helfre S., Saada-Bouzid E., Borkowska A., Anghel R., Co A., Gebhart M., Kantor G., Montero A., Loong H.H., Vergés R., Lapeire L., Dema S., Kacso G., Austen L., Moureau-Zabotto L., Servois V., Wardelmann E., Terrier P., Lazar A.J., Bovée J.V.M.G., Le Péchoux C., Papai Z. NBTXR3, afirst-in-class radioenhancer hafnium oxide nanoparticle, plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (Act.In.Sarc): amulticentre, phase 2-3, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019. 20; 8: 1148–59. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30326-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gong L., Zhang Y., Zhao J., Zhang Y., Tu K., Jiao L., Xu Q., Zhang M., Han S. All-In-One Biomimetic Nanoplatform Based on Hollow Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Synergistically Enhanced Radiotherapy of Colon Cancer. Small. 2022; 18(41): e2205198. doi: 10.1002/smll.202205198.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gong L., Zhang Y., Zhao J., Zhang Y., Tu K., Jiao L., Xu Q., Zhang M., Han S. All-In-One Biomimetic Nanoplatform Based on Hollow Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Synergistically Enhanced Radiotherapy of Colon Cancer. Small. 2022; 18(41): e2205198. doi: 10.1002/smll.202205198.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feng L., Chen M., Li R., Zhou L., Wang C., Ye P., Hu X., Yang J., Sun Y., Zhu Z., Fang K., Chai K., Shi S., Dong C. Biodegradable oxygenproducing manganese-chelated metal organic frameworks for tumortargeted synergistic chemo/photothermal/ photodynamic therapy. Acta Biomater. 2022; 138: 463–77. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.032.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feng L., Chen M., Li R., Zhou L., Wang C., Ye P., Hu X., Yang J., Sun Y., Zhu Z., Fang K., Chai K., Shi S., Dong C. Biodegradable oxygenproducing manganese-chelated metal organic frameworks for tumortargeted synergistic chemo/photothermal/ photodynamic therapy. Acta Biomater. 2022; 138: 463–77. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.032.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Keulen S., Hom M., White H., Rosenthal E.L., Baik F.M. The Evolution of Fluorescence-Guided Surgery. Mol Imaging Biol. 2023; 25(1): 36–45. doi: 10.1007/s11307-022-01772-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Keulen S., Hom M., White H., Rosenthal E.L., Baik F.M. The Evolution of Fluorescence-Guided Surgery. Mol Imaging Biol. 2023; 25(1): 36–45. doi: 10.1007/s11307-022-01772-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mainini F., Eccles M.R. Lipid and Polymer-Based Nanoparticle siRNA Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. Molecules. 2020; 25(11): 2692. doi: 10.3390/molecules25112692.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mainini F., Eccles M.R. Lipid and Polymer-Based Nanoparticle siRNA Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. Molecules. 2020; 25(11): 2692. doi: 10.3390/molecules25112692.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Y., Wen Y., Chen X., Zhu X., Yu Q., Gong Y., Yuan G., Liu J., Qin X. Inflammation-responsive functional Ru nanoparticles combining a tumor-associated macrophage repolarization strategy with phototherapy for colorectal cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B. 2019; 7(40): 6210–23. doi: 10.1039/c9tb01613a.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu Y., Wen Y., Chen X., Zhu X., Yu Q., Gong Y., Yuan G., Liu J., Qin X. Inflammation-responsive functional Ru nanoparticles combining a tumor-associated macrophage repolarization strategy with phototherapy for colorectal cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B. 2019; 7(40): 6210–23. doi: 10.1039/c9tb01613a.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sato K., Sato N., Xu B., Nakamura Y., Nagaya T., Choyke P.L., Hasegawa Y., Kobayashi H. Spatially selective depletion of tumor-associated regulatory T cells with near-infrared photoimmunotherapy. Sci Transl Med. 2016; 8(352): 352ra110. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf6843.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sato K., Sato N., Xu B., Nakamura Y., Nagaya T., Choyke P.L., Hasegawa Y., Kobayashi H. Spatially selective depletion of tumor-associated regulatory T cells with near-infrared photoimmunotherapy. Sci Transl Med. 2016; 8(352): 352ra110. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf6843.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu T., Yao W., Sun W., Yuan Y., Liu C., Liu X., Wang X., Jiang H. Components, Formulations, Deliveries, and Combinations of Tumor Vaccines. ACS Nano. 2024; 18(29): 18801–33. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05065.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu T., Yao W., Sun W., Yuan Y., Liu C., Liu X., Wang X., Jiang H. Components, Formulations, Deliveries, and Combinations of Tumor Vaccines. ACS Nano. 2024; 18(29): 18801–33. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05065.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laureano R.S., Sprooten J., Vanmeerbeerk I., Borras D.M., Govaerts J., Naulaerts S., Berneman Z.N., Beuselinck B., Bol K.F., Borst J., Coosemans A., Datsi A., Fučíková J., Kinget L., Neyns B., Schreibelt G., Smits E., Sorg R.V., Spisek R., Thielemans K., Tuyaerts S., de Vleeschouwer S., de Vries I.J.M., Xiao Y., Garg A.D. Trial watch: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for cancer. Oncoimmunology. 2022; 11(1): 2096363. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2022.2096363.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laureano R.S., Sprooten J., Vanmeerbeerk I., Borras D.M., Govaerts J., Naulaerts S., Berneman Z.N., Beuselinck B., Bol K.F., Borst J., Coosemans A., Datsi A., Fučíková J., Kinget L., Neyns B., Schreibelt G., Smits E., Sorg R.V., Spisek R., Thielemans K., Tuyaerts S., de Vleeschouwer S., de Vries I.J.M., Xiao Y., Garg A.D. Trial watch: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for cancer. Oncoimmunology. 2022; 11(1): 2096363. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2022.2096363.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Besse B., Felip E., Garcia Campelo R., Cobo M., Mascaux C., Madroszyk A., Cappuzzo F., Hilgers W., Romano G., Denis F., Viteri S., Debieuvre D., Galetta D., Baldini E., Razaq M., Robinet G., Maio M., Delmonte A., Roch B., Masson P., Schuette W., Zer A., Remon J., Costantini D., Vasseur B., Dziadziuszko R., Giaccone G. ATALANTE-1 study group. Randomized open-label controlled study of cancer vaccine OSE2101 versus chemotherapy in HLA-A2-positive patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with resistance to immunotherapy: ATALANTE-1. Ann Oncol. 2023; 34(10): 920–33. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.07.006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Besse B., Felip E., Garcia Campelo R., Cobo M., Mascaux C., Madroszyk A., Cappuzzo F., Hilgers W., Romano G., Denis F., Viteri S., Debieuvre D., Galetta D., Baldini E., Razaq M., Robinet G., Maio M., Delmonte A., Roch B., Masson P., Schuette W., Zer A., Remon J., Costantini D., Vasseur B., Dziadziuszko R., Giaccone G. ATALANTE-1 study group. Randomized open-label controlled study of cancer vaccine OSE2101 versus chemotherapy in HLA-A2-positive patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with resistance to immunotherapy: ATALANTE-1. Ann Oncol. 2023; 34(10): 920–33. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.07.006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ding Z., Li Q., Zhang R., Xie L., Shu Y., Gao S., Wang P., Su X., Qin Y., Wang Y., Fang J., Zhu Z., Xia X., Wei G., Wang H., Qian H., Guo X., Gao Z., Wang Y., Wei Y., Xu Q., Xu H., Yang L. Personalized neoantigen pulsed dendritic cell vaccine for advanced lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021; 6(1): 26. doi: 10.1038/s41392-020-00448-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ding Z., Li Q., Zhang R., Xie L., Shu Y., Gao S., Wang P., Su X., Qin Y., Wang Y., Fang J., Zhu Z., Xia X., Wei G., Wang H., Qian H., Guo X., Gao Z., Wang Y., Wei Y., Xu Q., Xu H., Yang L. Personalized neoantigen pulsed dendritic cell vaccine for advanced lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021; 6(1): 26. doi: 10.1038/s41392-020-00448-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun H., Zhang Y., Wang G., Yang W., Xu Y. mRNA-Based Therapeutics in Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(2): 622. doi: 10.3390/ pharmaceutics15020622.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun H., Zhang Y., Wang G., Yang W., Xu Y. mRNA-Based Therapeutics in Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(2): 622. doi: 10.3390/ pharmaceutics15020622.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Старостина Е.В., Низоленко Л.Ф., Карпенко Л.И., Ильичев А.A. Противораковые мРНК-вакцины на основе неоантигенов. Сибирский онкологический журнал. 2024; 23(6): 149–58. doi: 10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-6-149-158. EDN: YKGUBZ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Starostina E.V., Nizolenko L.F., Karpenko L.I., Ilyichev A.A. Antitumor mRNA vaccines based on neoantigens. Siberian Journal of Oncology. 2024; 23(6): 149–58. (in Russian). doi: 10.21294/1814-4861-2024-23-6-149-158. EDN: YKGUBZ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aikins M.E., Xu C., Moon J.J. Engineered Nanoparticles for Cancer Vaccination and Immunotherapy. Acc Chem Res. 2020; 53(10): 2094–2105. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00456.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aikins M.E., Xu C., Moon J.J. Engineered Nanoparticles for Cancer Vaccination and Immunotherapy. Acc Chem Res. 2020; 53(10): 2094–2105. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00456.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palmer C.D., Rappaport A.R., Davis M.J., Hart M.G., Scallan C.D., Hong S.J., Gitlin L., Kraemer L.D., Kounlavouth S., Yang A., Smith L., Schenk D., Skoberne M., Taquechel K., Marrali M., Jaroslavsky J.R., Nganje C.N., Maloney E., Zhou R., Navarro-Gomez D., Greene A.C., Grotenbreg G., Greer R., Blair W., Cao M.D., Chan S., Bae K., Spira A.I., Roychowdhury S., Carbone D.P., Henick B.S., Drake C.G., Solomon B.J., Ahn D.H., Mahipal A., Maron S.B., Johnson B., Rousseau R., Yelensky R,. Liao C.Y., Catenacci D.V.T., Allen A., Ferguson A.R., Jooss K. Individualized, heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus and self-amplifying mRNA neoantigen vaccine for advanced metastatic solid tumors: phase 1 trial interim results. Nat Med. 2022; 28(8): 1619–29. doi: 10.1038/s41591022-01937-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palmer C.D., Rappaport A.R., Davis M.J., Hart M.G., Scallan C.D., Hong S.J., Gitlin L., Kraemer L.D., Kounlavouth S., Yang A., Smith L., Schenk D., Skoberne M., Taquechel K., Marrali M., Jaroslavsky J.R., Nganje C.N., Maloney E., Zhou R., Navarro-Gomez D., Greene A.C., Grotenbreg G., Greer R., Blair W., Cao M.D., Chan S., Bae K., Spira A.I., Roychowdhury S., Carbone D.P., Henick B.S., Drake C.G., Solomon B.J., Ahn D.H., Mahipal A., Maron S.B., Johnson B., Rousseau R., Yelensky R,. Liao C.Y., Catenacci D.V.T., Allen A., Ferguson A.R., Jooss K. Individualized, heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus and self-amplifying mRNA neoantigen vaccine for advanced metastatic solid tumors: phase 1 trial interim results. Nat Med. 2022; 28(8): 1619–29. doi: 10.1038/s41591022-01937-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li H., Peng K., Yang K., Ma W., Qi S., Yu X., He J., Lin X., Yu G. Circular RNA cancer vaccines drive immunity in hard-to-treat malignancies. Theranostics. 2022; 12(14): 6422–36. doi: 10.7150/thno.77350.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li H., Peng K., Yang K., Ma W., Qi S., Yu X., He J., Lin X., Yu G. Circular RNA cancer vaccines drive immunity in hard-to-treat malignancies. Theranostics. 2022; 12(14): 6422–36. doi: 10.7150/thno.77350.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tockary T.A., Abbasi S., Matsui-Masai M., Hayashi A., Yoshinaga N., Boonstra E., Wang Z., Fukushima S., Kataoka K., Uchida S. Comb-structured mRNA vaccine tethered with short double-stranded RNA adjuvants maximizes cellular immunity for cancer treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2023; 120(29): e2214320120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2214320120.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tockary T.A., Abbasi S., Matsui-Masai M., Hayashi A., Yoshinaga N., Boonstra E., Wang Z., Fukushima S., Kataoka K., Uchida S. Comb-structured mRNA vaccine tethered with short double-stranded RNA adjuvants maximizes cellular immunity for cancer treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2023; 120(29): e2214320120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2214320120.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rojas L.A., Sethna Z., Soares K.C., Olcese C., Pang N., Patterson E., Lihm J., Ceglia N., Guasp P., Chu A., Yu R., Chandra A.K., Waters T., Ruan J., Amisaki M., Zebboudj A., Odgerel Z., Payne G., Derhovanessian E., Müller F., Rhee I., Yadav M., Dobrin A., Sadelain M., Łuksza M., Cohen N., Tang L., Basturk O., Gönen M., Katz S., Do R.K., Epstein A.S., Momtaz P., Park W., Sugarman R., Varghese A.M., Won E., Desai A., Wei A.C., D’Angelica M.I., Kingham T.P., Mellman I., Merghoub T., Wolchok J.D., Sahin U., Türeci Ö., Greenbaum B.D., Jarnagin W.R., Drebin J., O’Reilly E.M., Balachandran V.P. Personalized RNA neoantigen vaccines stimulate T cells in pancreatic cancer. Nature. 2023; 618(7963): 144–50. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06063-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rojas L.A., Sethna Z., Soares K.C., Olcese C., Pang N., Patterson E., Lihm J., Ceglia N., Guasp P., Chu A., Yu R., Chandra A.K., Waters T., Ruan J., Amisaki M., Zebboudj A., Odgerel Z., Payne G., Derhovanessian E., Müller F., Rhee I., Yadav M., Dobrin A., Sadelain M., Łuksza M., Cohen N., Tang L., Basturk O., Gönen M., Katz S., Do R.K., Epstein A.S., Momtaz P., Park W., Sugarman R., Varghese A.M., Won E., Desai A., Wei A.C., D’Angelica M.I., Kingham T.P., Mellman I., Merghoub T., Wolchok J.D., Sahin U., Türeci Ö., Greenbaum B.D., Jarnagin W.R., Drebin J., O’Reilly E.M., Balachandran V.P. Personalized RNA neoantigen vaccines stimulate T cells in pancreatic cancer. Nature. 2023; 618(7963): 144–50. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06063-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weber J.S., Carlino M.S., Khattak A., Meniawy T., Ansstas G., Taylor M.H., Kim K.B., McKean M., Long G.V., Sullivan R.J., Faries M., Tran T.T., Cowey C.L, Pecora A., Shaheen M., Segar J., Medina T., Atkinson V., Gibney G.T., Luke J.J., Thomas S., Buchbinder E.I., Healy J.A., Huang M., Morrissey M., Feldman I., Sehgal V., Robert-Tissot C., Hou P., Zhu L., Brown M., Aanur P., Meehan R.S., Zaks T. Individualised neoantigen therapy mRNA-4157 (V940) plus pembrolizumab versus pembrolizumab monotherapy in resected melanoma (KEYNOTE-942): a randomised, phase 2b study. Lancet. 2024; 403(10427): 632–44. doi: 10.1016/S01406736(23)02268-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weber J.S., Carlino M.S., Khattak A., Meniawy T., Ansstas G., Taylor M.H., Kim K.B., McKean M., Long G.V., Sullivan R.J., Faries M., Tran T.T., Cowey C.L, Pecora A., Shaheen M., Segar J., Medina T., Atkinson V., Gibney G.T., Luke J.J., Thomas S., Buchbinder E.I., Healy J.A., Huang M., Morrissey M., Feldman I., Sehgal V., Robert-Tissot C., Hou P., Zhu L., Brown M., Aanur P., Meehan R.S., Zaks T. Individualised neoantigen therapy mRNA-4157 (V940) plus pembrolizumab versus pembrolizumab monotherapy in resected melanoma (KEYNOTE-942): a randomised, phase 2b study. Lancet. 2024; 403(10427): 632–44. doi: 10.1016/S01406736(23)02268-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
