oncotomskСибирский онкологический журналSiberian journal of oncology1814-48612312-3168Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.21294/1814-4861-2016-15-4-88-97oncotomsk-392Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМикроРНК, ВПЧ-ИНФЕКЦИЯ И ЦЕРВИКАЛЬНЫЙ КАНЦЕРОГЕНЕЗ: МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ КЛИНИЧЕСКОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯMicroRNA, HPV AND CERVICAL CARCINOGENESIS: MOLECULAR ASPECTS AND PROSPECTS OF CLINICAL APPLICATIONАрхангельскаяП. А.ArkhangelskayaP. A.arhangelskaya@mail.ruБахидзеЕ. В.BakhidzeE. V.

Бахидзе Елена Вилльевна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения онкогинекологии НИИ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова; доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии, Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова 

SPIN-код: 5191-8792

Bakhidze Elena V., MD, DSc, Leading Researcher, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, SaintPetersburg; Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North-western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov 

SPIN-code: 5191-8792

bakhidze@yandex.ruБерлевИ. В.BerlevI. V.igor.berlev@szgmu.ruСамсоновР. Б.SamsonovR. B.

Samsonov Roman B., PhD, Researcher, Endocrinology Laboratory 

 

Rom_207@mail.ruИвановМ. К.IvanovM. K.

Иванов Михаил Константинович, кандидат биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией, ЗАО «Вектор-Бест» 

SPIN-код: 4416-1250

Ivanov Mikhail K., PhD, Vector-Best closed corporation, Head of Laboratory of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 

SPIN-code: 4416-1250

ivanovmk@vector-best.ruМалекА. В.MalekA. V.anastasia@malek.comНИИ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова, Санкт-Петербург; Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова, Санкт-ПетербургРоссияN.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg; North-western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Saint-PetersburgRussian FederationНИИ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова, Санкт-Петербург; Онко-Система, ООО, Санкт-ПетербургРоссияN.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg; Oncosystem ltd., Saint-PetersburgRussian FederationНИИ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова, Санкт-Петербург; Вектор-Бест, ЗАО, НовосибирскРоссияVector-Best closed corporation, NovosibirskRussian Federation2016291020161548897Copyright © Архангельская П.А., Бахидзе Е.В., Берлев И.В., Самсонов Р.Б., Иванов М.К., Малек А.В., 20162016Архангельская П.А., Бахидзе Е.В., Берлев И.В., Самсонов Р.Б., Иванов М.К., Малек А.В.Arkhangelskaya P.A., Bakhidze E.V., Berlev I.V., Samsonov R.B., Ivanov M.K., Malek A.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/392

Рак шейки матки (РШМ) является одним из самых распространенных онкологических заболеваний женской репродуктивной системы и одной из лидирующих причин женской онкологической смертности. Эпидемиологические и экспериментальные данные достоверно доказывают ключевую роль вируса папилломы человека (ВПЧ) в патогенезе РШМ. Определение ДНК ВПЧ высокого канцерогенного риска является актуальным скрининговым методом для выявления пациенток с повышенным риском развития цервикальной неоплазии. Однако положительная предсказательная ценность такого анализа недостаточно высока. Анализ дополнительных показателей инфекционного процесса (вирусная нагрузка, соотношение эписомальной и интегрированной форм вируса, длительность его персистенции) может быть использован для повышения диагностической и прогностической значимости ВПЧ-тестирования. В исследованиях последнего десятилетия показано, что ВПЧ индуцирует специфические изменения профиля микроРНК инфицированной клетки, которые отражают этапность заболевания и могут иметь диагностическое / прогностическое значение. В обзоре кратко изложены современные представления об изменениях профиля клеточных микроРНК, вызываемых инфицированием ВПЧ эпителия шейки матки, приведены известные примеры участия микроРНК в цервикальном канцерогенезе и обозначены перспективы возможного использования микроРНК в качестве биомаркеров в диагностике РШМ. 

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system and a leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. Epidemiologic and experimental data have clearly demonstrated a causal role of Human Papillomavirus in cervical carcinogenesis. Determination of HPV DNA of high carcinogenic risk is relevant screening tool to identify patients with an increased risk of cervical neoplasia. However, the positive predictive value of such an analysis is not high enough. Analysis of additional indicators of infection (viral load, the ratio of episomal and integrated forms of the virus, the duration of its persistence) can be used to improve the diagnostic and prognostic value of HPV testing. In the last decade, studies have shown that HPV induces specific changes in miRNA profile of the infected cell, which reflect the phasing of the disease and may have diagnostic / prognostic value. This review summarizes the current understanding of cellular changes in the profile of microRNAs, caused by infection with HPV, given the known examples of microRNA involvement in cervical carcinogenesis and the perspectives of the possible use of microRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis of cervical cancer.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.