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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2026-25-1-28-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-4107</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Интратекальная химиотерапия в комплексном лечении детей с рабдомиосаркомой параменингеальной локализации с интракраниальным распространением и/или лептоменингеальным метастазированием</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Intrathecal chemotherapy in the complex treatment of children with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial spread and/or leptomeningeal metastasis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8356-0625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родина</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodina</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Родина Анастасия Дмитриевна, научный сотрудник, детский онколог онкологического отделения № 3 (химиотерапии опухолей головы и шеи) НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia D. Rodina, MD, Researcher, Pediatric Oncologist, Oncology Department No. 3 (Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Tumors), Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician L.A. Durnov </p><p>24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.rodinaAD@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-0874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поляков Владимир Георгиевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, советник директора НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова; заведующий кафедрой детской онкологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова; профессор кафедры ЛОР-болезней педиатрического факультета; профессор кафедры последипломного образования врачей Департамента профессионального образования </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24;125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1;117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1;115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir G. Polyakov, MD, DSc, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Advisor to the Director, Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician L.A. Durnov; Head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology named after Academician L.A. Durnov; Professor, Department of ENT Diseases of the Pediatric Faculty; Professor, Department of Postgraduate Education for Physicians, Department of Professional Education </p><p>24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478;2/1, building 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993;1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997;24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8476-7879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крылов Александр Сергеевич, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением радионуклидной диагностики № 1 отдела радионуклидной диагностики и терапии НИИ КиЭР </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Krylov, MD, PhD, Head of the Radionuclide Diagnostics Department No. 1, Radionuclide Diagnostics and Therapy Department, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Radiology </p><p>24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашанина</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashanina</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кашанина Александра Леонидовна, рентгенолог рентгенодиагностического отделения, НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra L. Kashanina, MD, Radiologist, Department of X-ray Diagnostic, Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician L.A. Durnov </p><p>24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5805-726X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбунова Татьяна Викторовна, кандидат медицинских наук, главный врач НИИ ДОиГ; старший научный сотрудник онкологического отделения № 3 (химиотерапии опухолей головы и шеи), НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова; ассистент кафедры ЛОР-болезней педиатрического факультета ФДПО; сотрудник кафедры последипломного образования врачей Департамента профессионального образования </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24;117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1;115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Gorbunova, MD, PhD, Chief Physician, Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology; Senior Researcher, Oncology Department No. 3 (Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Tumors), Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician L.A. Durnov; Assistant, Department of ENT Diseases, Faculty of Pediatrics; Department of Postgraduate Education for Physicians, Department of Professional Education </p><p>24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478;1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997;24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-1783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеева</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeeva</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Варфоломеева Светлана Рафаэлевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова; профессор кафедры детской онкологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова; профессор кафедры последипломного образования врачей Департамента профессионального образования </p><p>115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24;125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1;115478, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana R. Varfolomeeva, MD, DSc, Professor, Director, Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician L.A. Durnov; Professor, Department of Pediatric Oncology named after Academician L.A. Durnov; Professor, Department of Postgraduate Education for Physicians, Department of Professional Education </p><p>24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478;2/1, building 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993;24, Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России;&#13;
Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России;&#13;
Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова;&#13;
НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России;&#13;
Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова;&#13;
НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России;&#13;
Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России;&#13;
НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Родина А.Д., Поляков В.Г., Крылов А.С., Кашанина А.Л., Горбунова Т.В., Варфоломеева С.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Родина А.Д., Поляков В.Г., Крылов А.С., Кашанина А.Л., Горбунова Т.В., Варфоломеева С.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rodina A.D., Polyakov V.G., Krylov A.S., Kashanina A.L., Gorbunova T.V., Varfolomeeva S.R.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/4107">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/4107</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Рабдомиосаркома параменингеальной локализации с интракраниальным распространением характеризуется агрессивным течением и высоким риском лептоменингеального метастазирования (ЛМ). Исторически поражение центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) считалось инкурабельным состоянием с выживаемостью, не превышающей 10–20 %. Основным препятствием для проникновения большинства лекарственных препаратов и создания эффективной концентрации является гематоэнцефалический барьер (ГЭБ). В связи с этим поиск эффективных и нетоксичных методов контроля над лептоменингеальными метастазами является одной из наиболее актуальных задач детской онкологии. Интратекальная химиотерапия (ИТХТ), заключающаяся в прямом введении цитостатиков в спинномозговую жидкость, позволяет обойти ГЭБ и создать высокие терапевтические концентрации препаратов непосредственно в очаге поражения при минимальной системной токсичности. Цель исследования – оценить эффективность и безопасность интратекальной химиотерапии в комплексном лечении детей с рабдомиосаркомой параменингеальной локализации с интракраниальным распространением и/или лептоменингеальным метастазированием и улучшить показатели выживаемости данной когорты детей. Материал и методы. В исследование был включен 21 пациент с гистологически верифицированным диагнозом рабдомиосаркомы параменингеальной локализации с интракраниальным распространением и/или лептоменингеальным метастазированием, получавший лечение в НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова в период с 2021 по 2024 г. Результаты. При медиане наблюдения 34,3 мес общая 2-летняя выживаемость составила 65 %. Данный показатель определялся высокой эффективностью раннего контроля над опухолевыми клетками за гематоэнцефалическим барьером: общая 2-летняя выживаемость достигла более 80 % как в группе профилактической, так и в группе терапевтической интратекальной химиотерапии первой линии. Это достоверно выше по сравнению с группой рецидива, где общая 2-летняя выживаемость составила 20 % (p&lt;0,05), и существенно превосходит данные, представленные в зарубежной литературе о медиане выживаемости – 4–6 мес при лептоменингеальном метастазировании [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. Профиль токсичности ИТХТ был благоприятным, без случаев тяжелой нейротоксичности. Заключение. Интенсивная интратекальная химиотерапия в комплексном лечении детей с рабдомиосаркомой параменингеальной локализации с интракраниальным распространением и/или лептоменингеальным метастазированием является эффективным и безопасным методом контроля над опухолевыми клетками за гематоэнцефалическим барьером, позволяющим значительно улучшить выживаемость в этой прогностически крайне неблагоприятной группе пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial spread is a highly aggressive pediatric malignancy with a high risk of leptomeningeal metastasis. Historically, central nervous system (CNS) involvement was considered an incurable condition with a survival rate of no more than 10–20 %. The bloodbrain barrier is the primary barrier to the penetration of most drugs and the creation of effective concentrations. Therefore, the search for effective and non-toxic methods for controlling leptomeningeal metastases is one of the most pressing challenges in pediatric oncology. Intrathecal chemotherapy (ITCT) delivers cancer drugs directly into the cerebrospinal fuid, bypassing the BBB. It enables high concentrations of medication to directly target cells, reducing systemic toxicity. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effcacy and safety of intrathecal chemotherapy in a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of children with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial spread and/or leptomeningeal metastasis, and to improve survival rates in this cohort of children. Material and Methods. The study included 21 patients with a histologically verifed diagnosis of parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial spread and/or leptomeningeal metastasis, who received treatment at the L.A. Durnov Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences from 2021 to 2024. The study was approved by the local ethics committee. Results. With a 34.3-month median follow-up, the overall 2-year survival rate was 65 %. This indicates the effectiveness of early tumor control by overcoming the blood-brain barrier. The overall 2-year survival rate was signifcantly higher in both the prophylactic and therapeutic frst-line intrathecal chemotherapy groups than in the relapse group (80 % vs 20 %, p&lt;0.05) and signifcantly exceeded the median survival time of 4–6 months reported by other authors [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. The toxicity profle of ITCT was favorable, with no cases of severe neurotoxicity. Conclusion. Intensive intrathecal chemotherapy in the combination treatment of children with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial extension and/or leptomeningeal metastasis is an effective and safe method for treating and preventing CNS tumor cell infltration. This therapy can signifcantly improve survival of patients with extremely unfavorable prognosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рабдомиосаркома</kwd><kwd>параменингеальная локализация</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>интратекальная химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>лептоменингеальное метастазирование</kwd><kwd>центральная нервная система</kwd><kwd>гематоэнцефалический барьер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rhabdomyosarcoma</kwd><kwd>parameningeal localization</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>intrathecal chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>leptomeningeal metastasis</kwd><kwd>central nervous system</kwd><kwd>blood-brain barrier</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pentheroudakis G., Pavlidis N. Management of leptomeningeal malignancy. 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