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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2026-25-2-46-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-4199</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние полиморфизмов гена рецептора меланокортина-1 на клинико-биологический профиль опухоли и течение меланомы кожи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of melanocortin-1 receptor gene polymorphisms on the clinical-biological tumor profile and prognosis in patients with cutaneous melanoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0119-560X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еремина Екатерина Николаевна - ассистент кафедры онкологии и лучевой терапии с курсом ПО, ФГБОУ ВО «КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России; заведующая отделением общей онкологии, КГБУЗ КККОД им. А.И. Крыжановского</p><p>SPIN-код: 4132-0336</p><p>ResearcherID (WOS): Q-5786-2017</p><p>660133, Красноярск, ул. 1-я Смоленская, 16; 660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, зд. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina N. Eremina - MD, Assistant, Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy with a Course of Continuing Education, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk SMU, Ministry of Health of Russia; Head of the General Oncology Department, A.I. Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk RCOC</p><p>ResearcherID (WOS): Q-5786-2017</p><p>16, 1-ya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk, 660133; bld. 1, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eremina.catia2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-3020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуков</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zukov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зуков Руслан Александрович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой онкологии и лучевой терапии с курсом ПО, ФГБОУ ВО «КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России; главный врач, КГБУЗ КККОД им. А.И. Крыжановского</p><p>SPIN-код: 3632-8415</p><p>ResearcherID (WOS): A-8193-2016</p><p>660133, Красноярск, ул. 1-я Смоленская, 16; 660022, Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, зд. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan A. Zukov - MD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy with a Course of Continuing Education, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk SMU, Ministry of Health of Russia; Chief Physician, A.I. Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk RCOC</p><p>ResearcherID (WOS): A-8193-2016</p><p>16, 1-ya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk, 660133; bld. 1, Partizana Zheleznyaka St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>КГБУЗ КККОД им. А.И. Крыжановского; ФГБОУ ВО «КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center; Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еремина Е.Н., Зуков Р.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еремина Е.Н., Зуков Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremina E.N., Zukov R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/4199">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/4199</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Ген рецептора меланокортина-1 (MC1R) является одним из ключевых факторов предрасположенности к меланоме кожи (МК). Влияние конкретных герминальных полиморфизмов MC1R на агрессивность течения, морфологию опухоли и выживаемость пациентов изучено недостаточно. Цель исследования – комплексно оценить ассоциации 5 ключевых полиморфных вариантов гена MC1R (R151C, R160W, D294H, R163Q, i155T) с конституциональными признаками, параметрами первичной опухоли, общей (ОВ) и бессобытийной (БСВ) выживаемостью у больных МК.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В одноцентровое ретроспективное когортное исследование включено 213 пациентов с первичной МК I–III стадии. Генотипирование выполнено методом аллель-специфичной ПЦР в реальном времени с анализом кривых плавления. Использованы критерии χ2, Фишера и Манна–Уитни. Анализ выживаемости проводили методом Каплана–Мейера с лог-ранговым тестом; для выявления независимых прогностических факторов применена многомерная регрессия Кокса.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлены специфические фенотипические профили: вариант R151C ассоциирован с мужским полом, фототипом кожи I–II и отягощенным анамнезом солнечных ожогов (p&lt;0,05); R160W – с фенотипом «рыжий/ веснушчатый» (p&lt;0,05). Носители R151C имели опухоли большей толщины (p&lt;0,001). Наибольшие различия выявлены в прогнозе: носители аллелей D294H и I155T демонстрировали самую низкую выживаемость. Пятилетняя ОВ при D294H составила 28,4 % против 66,7 % в группе дикого типа (p&lt;0,001). В скорректированной модели независимыми предикторами неблагоприятной ОВ остались только D294H (ОР=4,21; 95 % ДИ 1,92–8,97; p&lt;0,001) и I155T (ОР=3,72; 95 % ДИ 1,65–8,39; p=0,001). Влияние R151C на исход опосредовано неблагоприятными морфологическими признаками.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Вклад полиморфизмов MC1R в течение МК гетерогенен. Аллели D294H и i155T являются независимыми детерминантами крайне неблагоприятного прогноза, R151C служит маркером фенотипа высокого риска и локально-агрессивной опухоли, R160W определяет лишь конституциональный фенотип. Полученные данные обосновывают целесообразность интеграции генотипирования по вариантам D294H и i155T в алгоритмы стратификации риска у больных МК.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene is one of the key factors in susceptibility to cutaneous melanoma (CM). The influence of specific germline MC1R polymorphisms on disease aggressiveness, tumor morphology, and patient survival has not been sufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to comprehensively assess the associations of five key polymorphic variants of the MC1R gene (R151C, R160W, D294H, R163Q, I155T) with constitutional characteristics, primary tumor parameters, overall survival (OS), and event-free survival (EFS) in patients with CM.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. A single-center retrospective cohort study included 213 patients with primary CM at stages I–III. Genotyping was performed using allele-specific real-time PCR with melting curve analysis. The χ2 test, Fisher’s exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test; multivariate Cox regression was applied to identify independent prognostic factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Specific phenotypic profiles were established: R151C was associated with male sex, skin phototype I–II, and a history of severe sunburns (p&lt;0.05); R160W was associated with the “red hair/ freckles” phenotype (p&lt;0.05). Carriers of R151C had tumors with greater thickness (p&lt;0.001). The most significant differences were found in prognosis: carriers of the D294H and I155T alleles demonstrated the lowest survival rates. The five-year OS for D294H was 28.4 % compared to 66.7 % in the wild-type group (p&lt;0.001). In the adjusted model, only D294H (HR=4.21; 95 % CI 1.92–8.97; p&lt;0.001) and I155T (HR=3.72; 95 % CI 1.65–8.39; p=0.001) remained independent predictors of unfavorable OS. The influence of R151C on the outcome was mediated by unfavorable morphological features.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The contribution of MC1R polymorphisms to the course of CM is heterogeneous. The D294H and I155T alleles are independent determinants of an extremely unfavorable prognosis, while R151C serves as a marker of a high-risk phenotype and a locally aggressive tumor, and R160W determines only a constitutional phenotype. The data obtained justify the feasibility of integrating genotyping for the D294H and I155T variants into risk stratification algorithms to personalize follow-up for patients with CM.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома кожи</kwd><kwd>рецептор меланокортина-1</kwd><kwd>MC1R</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>персонализированная медицина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cutaneous melanoma</kwd><kwd>melanocortin-1 receptor</kwd><kwd>MC1R</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd><kwd>personalized medicine</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Это исследование не потребовало дополнительного финансирования</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study required no funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siegel R.L., Miller K.D., Wagle N.S., Jemal A. 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