oncotomskСибирский онкологический журналSiberian journal of oncology1814-48612312-3168Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.21294/1814-4861-2026-25-2-124-144oncotomsk-4206Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSДентальная имплантация у онкологических пациентов после резекции и реконструкции челюстей: оценка сроков установки и факторов приживления имплантатов. Систематический обзорDental implant placement in cancer patients after jaw resection and reconstruction: evaluation of optimal timing and factors influencing implant survival. A systematic reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2283-1812СапринаО. А.SaprinaO. A.

Саприна Оксана Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением опухолей костей и мягких тканей № 3 (реконструктивной пластической хирургии), заведующая отделением опухолей головы и шеи.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23

Oksana A. Saprina - MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors No. 3 (Reconstructive Plastic Surgery), Head of the Department of Head and Neck Tumors, N.N. Blokhin NMRCO.

23, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115478

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-392XДоброхотоваВ. З.DobrokhotovaV. Z.

Доброхотова Валентина Зиноновна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры онкологии.

119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

Valentina Z. Dobrokhotova - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Oncology Department.

8, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-847XАракелянГ. Г.ArakelyanG. G.

Аракелян Геворг Гамлетович - аспирант кафедры онкологии, Первый МГМУ. И.М. Сеченова; онколог отделения опухолей костей и мягких тканей № 3 (реконструктивной пластической хирургии), НМИЦО им. Н.Н. Блохина.

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

Gevorg G. Arakelyan - MD, Postgraduate, Department of Oncology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Oncologist, Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors No. 3 (Reconstructive Plastic Surgery), N.N. Blokhin NMRCO.

23, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115478; 8, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119048

gevor23233@gmail.comШтурмаА. Д.ShturmaA. D.

Штурма Александра Дмитриевна - онколог отделения опухолей костей и мягких тканей № 3 (реконструктивной пластической хирургии).

115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23

Alexandra D. Shturma - MD, Oncologist, Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors No. 3 (Reconstructive Plastic Surgery), N.N. Blokhin NMRCO.

23, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115478

КуреловМ. А.KurelovM. A.

Курелов Махмуд Аминович, аспирант кафедры онкологии.

119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

Makhmud A. Kurelov - MD, Postgraduate, Department of Oncology.

8, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119048

КазарянА. А.KazaryanA. A.

Казарян Артак Артемович - челюстно-лицевой хирург отделения опухолей головы и шеи.

115522, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23

Artak A. Kazaryan - MD, Maxillofacial Surgeon, Department of Head and Neck Tumors.

23, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115478

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им Н.Н. БлохинаРоссияN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. СеченоваРоссияI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им Н.Н. Блохина; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. СеченоваРоссияN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202617052026252124144Copyright © Саприна О.А., Доброхотова В.З., Аракелян Г.Г., Штурма А.Д., Курелов М.А., Казарян А.А., 20262026Саприна О.А., Доброхотова В.З., Аракелян Г.Г., Штурма А.Д., Курелов М.А., Казарян А.А.Saprina O.A., Dobrokhotova V.Z., Arakelyan G.G., Shturma A.D., Kurelov M.A., Kazaryan A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/4206

Цель исследования – оценить оптимальные сроки установки дентальных имплантатов у онкологических пациентов после резекции и реконструкции челюстей, а также определить факторы, влияющие на их приживление.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Систематический поиск литературы проведен в базах данных MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus и Web of Science с включением оригинальных статей, вышедших с 2000 г. и посвященных дентальной имплантации у пациентов с опухолями головы и шеи, в рамках которого выполнялась реконструкция челюстей с использованием свободных реваскуляризированных костных лоскутов. Первичной конечной точкой настоящего систематического обзора являлся показатель приживления дентальных имплантатов (успешной остеоинтеграции) у онкологических пациентов. Вторичной конечной точкой оценивалась эффективность ортопедической реабилитации, в том числе возможность и успех функционального протезирования. Первичный поиск в базах данных выявил 554 научных исследования, из которых в окончательный анализ включено 23 публикации.

Результаты

Результаты. Приживаемость дентальных имплантатов у онкологических пациентов, перенесших реконструкцию челюсти с использованием костных аутотрансплантатов, варьировала в широком диапазоне – от 44 до 100 %. При этом практически все исследования демонстрируют снижение приживаемости дентальных имплантатов у пациентов, перенесших лучевую терапию, по сравнению с теми, кто не подвергался облучению.

Заключение

Заключение. Анализ литературы показал, что дентальная имплантация у онкологических пациентов, перенесших резекцию и реконструкцию челюстей, является клинически оправданным и потенциально успешным методом реабилитации. Приживляемость имплантатов может варьировать в широких пределах, наибольшее влияние оказывает предшествующая лучевая терапия.

Objective

Objective: to evaluate the optimal timing of dental implant placement in cancer patients after jaw resection and reconstruction and to identify factors influencing their survival.

Material and Methods

Material and Methods. A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science databases, including original articles published since 2000 evaluating dental implantation in cancer patients with head and neck tumors, who underwent jaw reconstruction using free vascularized bone flaps. The primary endpoint of this systematic review was dental implant survival in cancer patients. The secondary endpoint was the effectiveness of prosthetic rehabilitation, including the feasibility and success of functional prosthetic restoration. The initial database search identified 554 scientific studies, of which 23 were included in the final analysis.

Results

Results. Based on the analysis of the eligible studies, the survival rate of dental implants in cancer patients who underwent jaw reconstruction using bone flaps varied widely, ranging from 44 % to 100 %. Moreover, nearly all studies demonstrated reduced dental implant survival in patients who had received radiotherapy.

Conclusion

Conclusion. An analysis of the literature showed that dental implantation in cancer patients who underwent jaw resection and reconstruction is a clinically justified and potentially successful method of rehabilitation. The survival rate of implants can vary widely, with prior radiotherapy appearing to be the most influential factor.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.