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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2026-25-4-127-134</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-4419</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>БЦЖ-иммунотерапия немышечно-инвазивного рака мочевого пузыря (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>BCG immunotherapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2377-993X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тачалов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tachalov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тачалов Михаил Александрович - кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель главного врача по хирургической помощи, ГБУЗ «Кузбасский клинический онкологический диспансер им. М.С. Раппопорта»; ассистент кафедры онкологии, лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии, ФГБОУ ВО «КемГМУ» Минздрава России.</p><p>650036, Кемерово, ул. Волгоградская, 35; 650036, г. Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, 22А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Tachalov - MD, PhD, Deputy Chief Physician for Surgical Care, M.S. Rappoport Kuzbass Clinical Oncology Center; Assistant Professor, Department of Oncology, Radiation Diagnostics, and Radiation Therapy, Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>35, Volgogradskaya St., Kemerovo, 650036; 22a, Voroshilova St., Kemerovo, 650036</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3726-9022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимина</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimina</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зимина Вера Николаевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фтизиатрии, ФГБОУ ВО «КемГМУ» Минздрава России; ведущий научный сотрудник отдела инфекционных заболеваний, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ФПИ» Минздрава России.</p><p>650036, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, 22А; 127473, Москва, ул. Достоевского, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera N. Zimina - MD, DSc, Professor, Department of Phthisiology, Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Leading Researcher, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases.</p><p>22a, Voroshilova St., Kemerovo, 650036; 4, Dostoevsky St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5249-8822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холодов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholodov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Холодов Артем Андреевич - кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель кафедры фтизиатрии.</p><p>650036, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, 22А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artyom A. Kholodov - MD, PhD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Phthisiology, Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>22a, Voroshilova St., Kemerovo, 650036</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artyomkass96@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корчмит</surname><given-names>Ю. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korchmit</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корчмит Юлия Александровна - заместитель главного врача по развитию онкологической помощи в территориях.</p><p>650036, Кемерово, ул. Волгоградская, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Korchmit - Deputy Chief Physician for the Development of Oncology Care in the Territories, M.S. Rappoport Kuzbass Clinical Oncology Center.</p><p>35, Volgogradskaya St., Kemerovo, 650036</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4854-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пьянзова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyanzova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пьянзова Татьяна Владимировна - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой фтизиатрии.</p><p>650036, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, 22А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Pyanzova - MD, DSc, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Phthisiology, Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>22a, Voroshilova St., Kemerovo, 650036</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Кузбасский клинический онкологический диспансер имени М.С. Раппопорта»; ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.S. Rappoport Kuzbass Clinical Oncology Center; Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; National Medical Research Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Кузбасский клинический онкологический диспансер имени М.С. Раппопорта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.S. Rappoport Kuzbass Clinical Oncology Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>127</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тачалов М.А., Зимина В.Н., Холодов А.А., Корчмит Ю.A., Пьянзова Т.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тачалов М.А., Зимина В.Н., Холодов А.А., Корчмит Ю.A., Пьянзова Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tachalov M.A., Zimina V.N., Kholodov A.A., Korchmit Y.A., Pyanzova T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/4419">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/4419</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – обобщение современных данных об эффективности и безопасности применения БЦЖ-иммунотерапии для лечения пациентов с немышечно-инвазивным раком мочевого пузыря. Материал и методы. Проведен обзор литературы с использованием баз данных PubMed, Cochrane Library, E-library преимущественно за последние 10 лет. Ключевые слова, использованные при поиске: рак мочевого пузыря, БЦЖ-иммунотерапия, безопасность БЦЖ-иммунотерапии, эффективность БЦЖ-иммунотерапии, немышечно-инвазивный рак мочевого пузыря, НМИ РМП, SWOG, адъювантная терапия в онкологии. Для написания литературного обзора из 148 статей, найденных в результате поиска, отобрано 39. Результаты. Обобщены отечественные и зарубежные данные по истории разработки и внедрения, эффективности и безопасности применения БЦЖ-иммунотерапии при лечении рака мочевого пузыря. Рассматриваются ограничения применения и проблемы современного здравоохранения в части внедрения адъювантной БЦЖ-иммунотерапии в онкологическую практику. Отдельным аспектом обзора являлись безопасность применения вакцины, алгоритмы предупреждения и лечения специфических осложнений БЦЖ-иммунотерапии (гранулематозное поражение органов мочевыделительной системы, БЦЖ-сепсис), в том числе с участием специалиста-фтизиатра. Заключение. БЦЖ-иммунотерапия является бесспорным стандартом лечения пациентов с промежуточным и высоким риском немышечного инвазивного рака мочевого пузыря, с обязательным проведением индукционного и поддерживающего курсов. Тем не менее в реальной практике, в том числе в России, препарат назначается значительно реже, чем предписано рекомендациями, хотя большинство административных и клинических барьеров легко преодолимы. Организация лечения не представляет сложностей и позволяет обеспечить пациентов оптимальной терапией, при обязательном фтизиатрическом контроле для исключения противопоказаний и своевременной диагностики туберкулеза. Вопрос профилактического лечения латентной туберкулезной инфекции при БЦЖ-иммунотерапии остается открытым, его необходимость очевидна для снижения рисков, но назначение противотуберкулезных препаратов одновременно с иммунотерапией нежелательно, т.к. может снизить эффективность лечения рака, что требует дальнейших исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to summarize current data on the efficacy and safety of BCG immunotherapy for the treatment of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Material and Methods. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and E-library databases, primarily selecting sources from the last 10 years. Key words used in the database search included bladder cancer, BCG immunotherapy, BCG therapy safety, BCG therapy efficacy, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, NMIBC, SWOG, and adjuvant therapy in oncology. in preparation for writing the literature review, 39 articles from the 148 retrieved articles were selected. Results. This literature review summarizes domestic and international data on the history of the development and implementation, efficacy, and safety of BCG immunotherapy in the treatment of bladder cancer. The limitations of use and challenges of modern healthcare in implementing adjuvant BCG therapy for cancer patients were also discussed. a separate aspect of the review was the safety and algorithms for preventing and treating specific complications of BCG immunotherapy (granulomatous lesions of the urinary tract, BCG sepsis). Conclusion. Intravesical BCG immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer at intermediate and high risk of recurrence is the method of choice for adjuvant therapy. The review showed that in real-world clinical practice, BCG therapy is used to treat a much smaller proportion of patients than indicated. Moreover, the administrative, legal, and clinical restrictions that specialists fear are often easily surmountable. In turn, high-quality TB care during the selection stage for therapy and for follow-up helps identify patients with contraindications to immunotherapy and promptly diagnose tuberculosis. However, the necessity, effectiveness, and safety of prophylactic treatment for tuberculosis before BCG immunotherapy remain unclear and requires further study.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>БЦЖ-иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>безопасность БЦЖ-иммунотерапии</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>немышечно-инвазивный рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>SWOG</kwd><kwd>адъювантная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>BCG immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>BCG therapy safety</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>SWOG</kwd><kwd>adjuvant therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R.L., Laversanne M., Soerjomataram I., Jemal A., Bray F. 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