oncotomskСибирский онкологический журналSiberian journal of oncology1814-48612312-3168Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.21294/1814-4861-2018-17-6-105-113oncotomsk-910Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSВирус болезни Ньюкасла и иммунитет - эффективный альянс в борьбе против рака (обзор литературы)Newcastle disease virus - effective alliance in the fight against cancerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-1756СитковскаяА. О.SitkovskayaA. O.

Ситковская Анастасия Олеговна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунофенотипирования опухолей.

Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63

SPIN-код: 1659-6976, ResearcherlD (WOS): E-7496-2018, Author ID (Scopus): 56381527400

Anastasia O. Sitkovskaya - Researcher, Laboratory of Tumor Immunophenotyping.

63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don

ResearcherID (WOS): E-7496-2018, Author ID (Scopus): 56381527400

grankina.anastasia@mail.ruЗлатникЕ. Ю.ZlatnikE. Yu.

Златник Елена Юрьевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунофенотипирования опухолей.

Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63

SPIN-код: 4137-7410, Author ID (Scopus): 6603160432

Elena Yu. Zlatnik - MD, Professor, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Tumor Immunophenotyping.

63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don

Author ID (Scopus): 6603160432

elena-zlatnik@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-5892НовиковаИ. А.NovikovaI. A.

Новикова Инна Арнольдовна - кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунофенотипиро-вания опухолей.

Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63

SPIN-код: 4810-2424, ResearcherID (WOS): E-7710-2018, Author ID (Scopus): 7005153343

Inna A. Novikova - PhD, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Tumor Immunophenotyping.

63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don

ResearcherID (WOS): E-7710-2018. Author ID (Scopus): 7005153343

novikovainna@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-6108КитО. И.KitO. I.

Кит Олег Иванович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, генеральный директор.

Ростов-на-Дону, 344037, ул. 14-я линия, 63

SPIN-код: 1728-0329, ResearcherID (WOS): U-2241-2017, Author ID (Scopus): 55994103100

Oleg I. Kit, MD, Professor, General Director.

63, 14th Line Street, 344037-Rostov-on-Don

ResearcherID (WOS): U-2241-2017. Author ID (Scopus): 55994103100

onko-sekretar@mail.ruФГБУ «Ростовский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт» Минздрава РоссииРоссияRostov Research Institute of OncologyRussian Federation201801012019176105113Copyright © Ситковская А.О., Златник Е.Ю., Новикова И.А., Кит О.И., 20192019Ситковская А.О., Златник Е.Ю., Новикова И.А., Кит О.И.Sitkovskaya A.O., Zlatnik E.Y., Novikova I.A., Kit O.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/910

В настоящее время рак остается одной из ведущих причин смертности в развитых странах мира. Использование онколитических вирусов (ОВ) является перспективным возможным методом ингибирования опухолевого роста. Несмотря на то, что открытие онколитической функции ряда вирусов произошло еще в прошлом веке, использование ОВ до сих пор не нашло должного признания. Одни из наиболее многообещающих - вирусы семейства Paramyxoviridae, в частности вирус болезни Ньюкасла (ВБН), не являющийся патогенным для человека и обладающий некоторыми эффективными механизмами воздействия на опухолевые клетки и индукции иммунного ответа. Для ВБН характерны селективное инфицирование и распространение вируса в опухолевых клетках, прямой цитопатический эффект, а также косвенная индукция врожденного и адаптивного иммунного ответа хозяина. Однако внутриопухолевое введение ОВ не всегда является возможным и приводит лишь к локальному действию. Существует предположение, что клетки иммунной системы могут использоваться в качестве возможных носителей ОВ для обеспечения временной защиты от факторов иммунной системы организма опухоленосителя. В исследованиях действия ОВ самыми эффективными клеточными носителями среди многочисленных оцениваемых типов иммунных клеток являлись дендритные клетки (ДК). Таким образом, совместное действие ОВ и ДКВ является важным для взаимного потенцирования противоопухолевого эффекта обоих компонентов (вирусного и клеточного); получение таких продуктов представляется целесообразным с целью их дальнейшего клинического применения.

Cancer is still the leading cause of death in developed countries. Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is a promising new strategy for tumor growth inhibition. Despite the fact that the oncolytic function of some viruses was discovered in the last century, it has not been properly applied and recognized. The viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family, particularly Newcastle disease virus (NDV), are powerful oncolytic and immunostimulating agents non-pathogenic in humans. NDV is characterized by a selective infection and spread of the virus in tumor cells, direct cytopathic effect, and indirect induction of the innate and adaptive immune system of the host. However, intratumoral administration of OVs is not always possible and results in only local effect. There is an assumption that immune system cells can be used as possible carriers of OVs to provide temporary protection against immune system factors of the body. Dendritic cells (DCs) were the most effective cellular carriers among numerous types of immune cells evaluated in studies of the OV effect. In conclusion, the authors suggest that the use of OVs as an adjuvant for tumor antigens in the development and improvement of DC vaccine optimizes the development of antitumor immune response, STAT - signal transducer and activator of transcription.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.