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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oncotomsk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский онкологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian journal of oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-4861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-3168</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Tomsk National Research Medical Сепtеr of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21294/1814-4861-2019-18-1-86-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">oncotomsk-965</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПЫТ РАБОТЫ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фенотипическая пластичность метастатической меланомы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenotypic plasticity of metastatic melanoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7659-6045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлова Ирина Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения биотерапии опухолеи. SPIN‐код: 4271‐2846. Researcher ID (WOS): Y‐6159‐2018. Author ID (Scopus): 8534967300.</p><p>г. Москва, 115478, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Mikhaylova, DSc, Leading Researcher, Department of Tumor Biotherapy.Researcher ID (WOS): Y‐6159‐2018. Author ID (Scopus): 8534967300.</p><p>24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irmikhaylova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анурова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Аnurova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анурова Ольга Александровна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения патологической анатомии опухолеи.</p><p>г. Москва, 115478, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Anurova, DSc, Leading Researcher, Department of Pathological Anatomy of Tumors.</p><p>24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7838-1005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лушникова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lushnikova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лушникова Анна Александровна, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории онкогеномики.</p><p>г. Москва, 115478, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Lushnikova, DSc, Leading Researcher, Cancer Genomics Laboratory.</p><p>24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyganova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыганова Ирина Викторовна, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории онкогеномики.</p><p>г. Москва, 115478, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Tsyganova, PhD, Senior Researcher, Cancer Genomics Laboratory.</p><p>24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2213-5785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сендерович</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Senderovich</surname><given-names>А. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сендерович Анастасия Ильинична, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения патологической анатомии опухолеи.SPIN‐код: 4602‐7378. Researcher ID (WOS): Y‐5462‐2018. Author ID (Scopus): 23096390400.</p><p>г. Москва, 115478, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia I. Senderovich, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Pathological Anatomy of Tumors. SPIN‐код: 4602‐7378. Researcher ID (WOS): Y‐5462‐2018. Author ID (Scopus): 23096390400.</p><p>24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0501-0326</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Т. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratieva</surname><given-names>T. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьева Татьяна Тихоновна, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической цитологии.SPIN‐код: 205571. Researcher ID (WOS): Y‐5932‐2018. Author ID (Scopus): 9234963800.</p><p>г. Москва, 115478, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana T. Kondratyeva, DSc, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Cytology. SPIN‐код: 205571. Researcher ID (WOS): Y‐5932‐2018. Author ID (Scopus): 9234963800.</p><p>24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8562-6082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидов</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidov</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демидов Лев Вадимович, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением биотерапии опухолеи. SPIN‐код: 5362‐ 6386. Author ID (Scopus): 173317.</p><p>г. Москва, 115478, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lev V. Demidov, DSc, Head of the Department of Tumor Biochemistry. SPIN‐код: 5362‐6386. Author ID (Scopus): 173317.</p><p>24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4767-6983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазуренко</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazurenko</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мазуренко Наталия Николаевна, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории онкогеномики.</p><p>г. Москва, 115478, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Mazurenko, DSc, Leading Researcher, Cancer Genomics Laboratory.</p><p>24, Kashirskoye shosse, 115478, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова И.Н., Анурова О.А., Лушникова А.А., Цыганова И.В., Сендерович А.И., Кондратьева Т.Т., Демидов Л.В., Мазуренко Н.Н., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова И.Н., Анурова О.А., Лушникова А.А., Цыганова И.В., Сендерович А.И., Кондратьева Т.Т., Демидов Л.В., Мазуренко Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhaylova I.N., Аnurova O.A., Lushnikova A.A., Tsyganova I.V., Senderovich А.S., Kondratieva T.Т., Demidov L.V., Mazurenko N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/965">https://www.siboncoj.ru/jour/article/view/965</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Метастатическая меланома отличается клинико-морфологической гетерогенностью и пластичностью. Встречаются редкие случаи метастатической меланомы, которые практически не экспрессируют меланоцитарных маркеров. Гиcтологически такие меланомы требуют дифференциальной диагностики от морфологически сходных немеланоцитарных опухолей, саркомы или лимфомы. Цель исследования – исследование неординарных случаев метастатической меланомы с низкой экспрессией дифференцировочных маркеров. материал и методы. Описаны 15 случаев меланомы с необычными клинико-морфологическими характеристиками. Опухоли подверглись морфологическому, цитологическому исследованию, иммуногистохимическому и FISH-анализу, были определены мутации в генах BRAF, NRAS и KIT. Результаты. Первичные меланомы часто не содержали пигмента, что затрудняло дифференциальную диагностику опухоли. Опухоли располагались чаще всего на спине, голени или голове, у 4 пациентов первичные очаги не выявлены. Метастатические поражения представляли собой крупные узловые новообразования в мягких тканях в области спины либо нижней конечности. Большинство опухолей относились к смешанному или веретеноклеточному гистологическим типам. Веретенообразные клетки отмечены и при цитологических исследованиях. При генетическом анализе мутации в гене BRAF выявлены в 27 % меланом, мутации в генах NRAS и KIT не обнаружены. В 4 случаях с помощью FISH проведен анализ на наличие реаранжировки гена EWSR1, при этом диагноз саркомы не подтвердился. Полученные результаты указывают на гистологическую и молекулярную неоднородность и фенотипическую пластичность исследованных меланом. Ряд выявленных молекулярно-генетических особенностей сближает эти опухоли с саркомами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Metastatic melanoma is characterized by clinical and morphological heterogeneity and plasticity. Rare cases of metastatic melanoma are known, that have no visual expression of melanocytic markers. Contradictory histology of such melanomas requires a differential diagnosis from morphologically similar non- melanocytic tumors, sarcoma or lymphoma. objective is to describe the extraordinary cases of metastatic melanomas with low expression of differentiation markers. material and methods. 15 melanoma cases with unusual clinical and morphological characteristics were included in the study. These tumors were examined by pathologist and cytologist, by immunohistochemical and FISH analyses, mutations in BRAF, NRAS and KIT genes were detected by PCR. results. Some primary tumors were amelanotic, therefore, they were difficult for differential tumor diagnosis. Most frequently, primary tumors were located on the back, shin or head. In 4 patients the primary focuses were not detected. Metastatic lesions were as large nodular tumors in soft tissues of the back or lower limb. Most tumors belong to mixed or spindle-cell histological types. Spindle-shaped cells were also revealed by cytological analysis. BRAF gene mutations were identified by genetic analysis in 27 % of tumors, NRAS and KIT gene mutations were not detected. In 4 cases FISH analysis was performed to detect EWSR1 gene rearrangements, but it did not confirm the diagnosis of sarcoma. conclusion. The results indicate the presence of a heterogeneous group of melanoma cases, which have a number of morphological and molecular features that bring them closer to sarcomas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома кожи</kwd><kwd>цитологические и гистологические особенности</kwd><kwd>мутационный статус опухоли</kwd><kwd>гетерогенность</kwd><kwd>генетическое исследование</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимические маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>skin melanoma</kwd><kwd>cytological and histological features</kwd><kwd>tumor mutation status</kwd><kwd>heterogeneity</kwd><kwd>genetic research</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemical markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазуренко Н.Н. Молекулярно‐генетические факторы и маркеры меланомы. Молекулярно‐генетические маркеры опухолей. М., 2016. 85–128. [Mazurenko N.N. 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