Полиморфные варианты генов фолатного цикла у больных раком легкого

Рак легкого (РЛ) – распространенное онкологическое заболевание и ведущая причина смертности от рака во всем мире. Особенности метаболизма фолатов в организме могут влиять на процессы метилирования и репарации ДНК и играть важную роль в процессах канцерогенеза.

Целью исследования стало обобщение имеющихся данных об ассоциации между полиморфными вариантами генов фолатного цикла (MTHFR С677Т (rs1801133), MTR A2756G (rs1805087), MTRR А66G (rs1801394)) и риском РЛ у человека.

Материал и методы. Поиск исследований проводился в базе данных pubmed, elibrary.ru. В обзор включали оригинальные, рандомизированные исследования за период с 2003 по 2018 г.

Результаты. Накоплено большое количество работ о роли гена MTHFR С677Ту больных РЛ. Данные же по полиморфным вариантам MTR A2756Gи MTRR A66Gу больных РЛ весьма ограничены. Полиморфизмы MTHFR C677Tи MTRR А66Gзначительно связаны с РЛ во многих исследованиях. Ассоциаций между геном MTR A2756Gи РЛ пока получено не было, однако в злокачественной транс-формации легкого зафиксирована значимость совместного действия MTR 2756A > Gand MTRR 66A > G. Ряд факторов, таких как национальность, курение, пол, точный диагноз, могут оказывать влияние на результаты и выводы исследований о роли генов фолатного цикла у больных РЛ.

Заключение. Дальнейшее изучение генетических полиморфизмов MTHFR С677Т (rs1801133), MTR A2756G (rs1805087), MTRR А66G (rs1801394)с учетом ген-средовых и ген-генных взаимодействий может объяснить индивидуальные различия риска РЛ.

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