Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of metastatic renal cancer
A. A. Izmailov,
R. R. Rakhimov,
A. V. Sultanbayev,
K. V. Menshikov,
I. R. Gilyazova,
V. M. Zabelin,
A. A. Izmailov https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-109-117
Abstract
Over the past 5 years, checkpoint inhibitors including anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 blockers have changed approaches to therapy of metastatic renal cell cancer. However, more than 55 % of patients with advanced kidney cancer remain resistant to immunotherapy. This paper refects the causes that lead to primary and acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors during the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer.
The purpose of the study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying resistance to checkpoint inhibitors during the treatment of metastatic kidney cancer.
Material and Methods. A literature search was conducted using Pubmed database in the time interval between 2010 and 2023. We identifed 286 publications of which 59 were relevant for our review.
Results. There are many factors that contribute to primary or acquired resistance to immunotherapy, including factors associated with the tumor cell as well as tumor microenvironment factors.
Conclusion. Many innovative approaches to overcoming resistance to monoclonal antibodies are being investigated in clinical trials. In connection with the advent of new methods, the cellular composition of the tumor microenvironment and its role in the emergence of tumor resistance to immunotherapy are becoming increasingly clear. New biomarkers are emerging to help identify the best candidates for immunotherapy in metastatic kidney cancer. However, they require further study.
Supporting agencies: The research was carried out under the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No 23-25-00392. https://rscf.ru/project/23-25-00392/
About the Authors
A. A. Izmailov
Republican Clinical Oncology Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Adel A. Izmailov, MD, DSc, Chief Physician,
73/1, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054, Ufa
R. R. Rakhimov
Republican Clinical Oncology Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Radmir R. Rakhimov, MD, PhD, Oncologist of the Department of Antitumor Drug Therapy,
73/1, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054, Ufa
A. V. Sultanbayev
Republican Clinical Oncology Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexander V. Sultanbaev, MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Antitumor Drug Therapy,
73/1, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054, Ufa
K. V. Menshikov
Republican Clinical Oncology Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan;
Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Konstantin V. Menshikov, MD, PhD, Oncologist of the Department of Antitumor Drug Therapy; Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology with courses in Oncology and Pathological Anatomy,
73/1, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054, Ufa;
47, Zaki Validi St., 450077, Ufa
I. R. Gilyazova
Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia;
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina R. Gilyazova, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine; Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics
47, Zaki Validi St., 450077, Ufa;
71, Octobrya Ave., 450054, Ufa
V. M. Zabelin
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vadim M. Zabelin, student,
1, Ostrovityanova St., 117997, Moscow
A. A. Izmailov
P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Albert A. Izmailov, MD, Postgraduate,
3, 2nd Botkinsky proezd, 125284, Moscow
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For citations:
Izmailov A.A., Rakhimov R.R., Sultanbayev A.V., Menshikov K.V., Gilyazova I.R., Zabelin V.M., Izmailov A.A. Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of metastatic renal cancer. Siberian journal of oncology. 2023;22(4):109-117. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-109-117
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