EVALUATION OF THE ANTITUMOR AND ANTICACHEXIA ACTIVITY OF GRATIOLA OFFICINALIS L. EXTRACT IN RATS WITH TRANSPLANTED SARCOMA 45

Cachexia is a severe complication of cancer and currently there are no drugs that would effectively deal with exhaustion and intoxication in various diseases.

Materials and methods. In this paper a study and evaluation of the antitumor and anticachexia activities of the extract of Gratiola officinalis l. in rats with transplanted sarcoma 45 in experiment in vivo was conducted. Gratiola officinalis l. extract is received by patented method and is not toxic to animals. The study was conducted on 40 white male rats line Wistar weighing 150 ± 50 g. Animals were divided into 4 groups (10 rats per group): control group, comparison group with sarcoma without affecting, group with sarcoma with intramuscular and group with sarcoma with oral administration of the extract in a dosage of 110 mg/kg. The extract was administered intramuscularly or orally 72 hours after transplantation of sarcoma 45. The tumor volume and the weight of the animals were assessed daily.

Results. The extract of leaves and flowers of Gratiola officinalis l. obtained by patented method has a strong antitumor activity, reducing the growth rate of the tumor and causing marked changes in the tumor, as well as providing stable anticachexia effect. Index of tumor weight inhibition was 70.6 % on average. Intramuscular administration was more effective in reducing of tumor growth, but less effectively increases the weight of animals than oral administration. In both administration methods Gratiola officinalis extract has no toxic effect on peripheral blood. We have previously found that the extract has antioxidant activity so that anticachexia effect is pathogenic, meaning it occurs by reducing toxicity.

Conclusions. Gratiola officinalis extract has a broad spectrum of biological activity, in particular antitumor, anticachexia, it is not toxic, so it is advisable to investigate as a promising tool for the treatment of tumor diseases and cancer cachexia, and cachexia caused by other chronic diseases.

1. Bajtman T.P., Navolokin N.A. Effect of extract of Hauran drug on laboratory animals inoculated with sarcoma S-45 // Bjulleten’ medicinskih internet-konferencij. 2013. Vol. 3 (2) P. 374. [in Russian]

2. Gol’dberg E.D., Razina T.G., Zueva E.P., Amosova E.N., Krylova S.G., Gol’dberg V.E. Plants in the treatment of tumors M., 2008. 232 p. [in Russian]

3. In vitro diagnostics. Laboratory diagnosis / Eds. E.A. Kondrasheva, A.Ju. Ostrovskij. M.,. 2012. 840 p. [in Russian]

4. Korsun V.F., Treskunov K.A., Korsun E.V., Mickonas A. Medicinal plants in oncology. M., 2007. 445 р. [in Russian]

5. Navolokin N.A., Polukonova A.V., Bibikova O.A., Polukonova N.V., Masljakova G.N., Bucharskaja A.B. Cytomorphological changes pig embryo kidney cells in culture (spev-2) under the action of a medicinal extract of Hauran (Gratiola officinalis l.) // The fundamental researches. 2014. № 10-7. P. 1369–1374. [in Russian]

6. Navolokin N.A., Polukonova N.V., Masljakova G.N., Bucharskaja A.B., Durnova N.A. The morphology of internal organs and tumors in laboratory rats with transplanted liver cancer PC-1 when administered orally flavonoidsoderzhaschih Hauran medicinal extracts (Gratiola Officinalis L.) and maize anthocyanin (Zea Mays L.) // Saratov Journal of Medical Scientific Research. 2013. Vol. 9 (2). P. 213–220. [in Russian]

7. Navolokin N.A., Skvorcova V.V., Polukonova N.V., Manaenkova E.V., Pankratova L.Je., Kurchatova M.N., Masljakova G.N., DurnovaN.A. Activity against drug extract Hauran (gratiola officinalis L.) // Eksperimental’naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia. 2015. Vol. 78 (4). P. 10–13. [in Russian]

8. Navolokin N.A., Polukonova N.V., Mudrak D.A., Tychina S.A., Voronkov M.O., Korchakov N.V., Bucharskaja A.B., Masljakova G.N. Comparison of antitumor activity of the extract of Hauran drug and being a part of quercetin when administered introtumoralnom // Rossiysky bioterapevtichesky zhurnal. 2015. Vol. 14 (1). 111 p. [in Russian]

9. Navolokin N.A., Mudrak D.A., Tychina S.A., Korchakov N.V. Changes in bone marrow and blood of laboratory rats with transplanted sarcoma 45 after oral administration of Gratiola Officinalis // Vestnik RGMU. 2015. № 2. P. 317. [in Russian]

10. Navolokin N.A., Polukonova N.V., Masljakova G.N., Skvorcova V.V., Bajtman T.P., Bucharskaja A.B., Durnova N.A. Antitumor activity of vegetable extracts containing bioflavonoids // Rossiysky bioterapevtichesky zhurnal. 2013. Vol. 12 (2). P. 59–59a. [in Russian]

11. Guidelines for conducting pre-clinical trials of drugs. Part one / Ed. A.N. Mironov. M., 2012. 944 p. [in Russian]

12. Polukonova N.V., Durnova N.A., Kurchatova M.N., Navolokin N.A., Golikov A.G. Chemical analysis and a method of producing a new From Biological active composition of medicinal herbs Hauran (Gratiola Officinalis L.) // Khimija Rastitel’nogo Syr’ja. 2013. № 4. P. 165–173. [in Russian]

13. Polukonova A.V., Navolokin N.A., Bibikova O.A. The cytotoxic activity in vitro extract Hauran cell culture embryonic kidney pigs infected Oncoviruses // Bûlleten’ medicinskih internet-konferencij. 2013. Vol. 3 (2). P. 375. [in Russian]

14. Polukonova A.V., Navolokin N.A., Rajkova S.V., Masljakova G.N., Bucharskaja A.B., Durnova N.A., Shub G.M. Anti-inflammatory , antipyretic and antimicrobial activity of the extract of Hauran flavonoidsoderzhaschego drug (Gratiola officinalis L.) // Eksperimental’naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia. 2015. Vol. 78 (1). P. 34–38. [in Russian]

15. Skvorcova V.V., Navolokin N.A. Pathomorphosis S45 sarcoma when administered intramuscularly flavonoidsoderzhaschego extract laboratory rats // Bûlleten’ medicinskih internet-konferencij. 2013. Vol. 3 (2). P. 258–258. [in Russian]

16. Habriev R.U. Manual on experimental (preclinical) study of new pharmacological substances. M., 2005. 832 p. [in Russian]

17. Dewys W.D., Begg C., Lavin P.T., Band P.R., Bennett J.M., Bertino J.R., Cohen M.H., Douglass H.O.Jr., Engstrom P.F., Ezdinli E.Z., Horton J., Johnson G.J., Moertel C.G., Oken M.M., Perlia C., Rosenbaum C., Silverstein M.N., Skeel R.T., Sponzo R.W., Tormey D.C. Prognostic effect of weight loss prior to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group // Am. J. Med. 1980. Vol. 69 (64). P. 491–497.

18. Morley J.E., Thomas D.R., Wilson M.M. Cachexia: pathophysiology and clinical relevance // Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2006. Vol. 83 (4). P. 735–743.

19. Navolokin N.A., Polukonova N.V., Maslyakova G.N., Bucharskaya A.B., Durnova N.A. Effect of extracts of Gratiola officinalis and Zea mays on the tumor and the morphology of the internal organs of rats with transplanted liver cancer // Russian Open Medical Journal. 2012. Vol. 1 (2). 0203.

20. Polukonova N.V., Kurchatova M.N., Navolokin N.A., Bucharskaya A.B., Durnova N.A., Maslyakova G.N. A new extraction method of bioflavanoids from poisonous plant (Gratiola Officinalis L.) // Russian Open Medical Journal. 2014. Vol. 3 (3). 0304. doi: 10.15275/rusomj.2014.0304.

21. Polier G., Ding J., Konkimalla B.V., Eick D., Ribeiro N., Köhler R., Giaisi M., Efferth T., Desaubry L., Krammer P.H., Li-Weber M. Wogonin and related natural flavones are inhibitors of CDK9 that induce apoptosis in cancer cells by transcriptional suppression of Mcl-1 // Cell Death Dis. 2011. Vol. 2 (7): e182. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2011.66.

22. Steinborn W., Anker S.D. Cardiac Cachexia: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications // Basic Appl. Myol. 2003. Vol. 13 (4). P. 191–201.

23. Tkachenko N., Pravdin A., Terentyuk G., Navolokin N., Kurchatova M., Polukonova N. Inhibiton of photodynamic haemolysis by Gratiola officinalis L. Extract // SPIE Proceedings. Saratov Fall Meeting 2014: Optical Technologies in Biophysics and Medicine XVI; Laser Physics and Photonics XVI; and Computational Biophysics. 2015. Vol. 9448. 94480 P. doi:10.1117/12.2179862.

24. Gratiola officinalis // AyZdorov.ru. URL : http://www.ayzdorov.ru/tvtravnik_avran.php. [in Russian]