Probiotics against pathogenic bacteria and cancer

This review focuses on the role of probiotics as alternative prevention and treatment of cancer. In this regard, we discuss the alternative cancer biotherapeutic drugs including live or dead probiotics and their metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids, inhibitory compounds of protein, polysaccharide, nucleic acid and ferrichrome in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. We also summarize the available data on the relationship between the development of cervical, breast and colorectal cancers, and microbiome, as well as data about the potential of probiotics as an alternative approach to cancer prevention and treatment. Material and methods. A literature search was conducted using the Pubmed and eLibrary databases. Of 140 publications, the review included 57 studies. Results. the microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular and genetic stability within the body. it acts as a defense mechanism against infectious agents and various pathological processes including, cancers. The microbiome employs several strategies to neutralize carcinogenic agents. Preliminary clinical trials have yielded promising results, suggesting that probiotics may contribute to cancer prevention and enhance both the safety and efficacy of cancer treatment. However, further research is needed to confirm this suggestion. Current anticancer drugs often have significant drawbacks, including negative impact on patients’ quality of life, development of drug resistance, and high cost. Conclusion. The effectiveness of probiotic therapies appears to be influenced by several factors, such as the specific bacterial or fungal strain used, the dosage administered, and the duration of treatment. The review emphasizes the need for further rigorous clinical trials to validate the significant role of probiotics in cancer prevention and treatment. While existing research indicates promising results from probiotic treatments primarily in controlled settings, more extensive studies are required to assess both short-and long-term effects and establish standardized methodologies. This will help minimize potential side effects and find the way for the safe and effective application of probiotics as a medical intervention.

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