НЕ4 – потенциальный опухолеассоциированный маркер при раке легкого

Цель исследования – систематизировать и представить современные данные, касающиеся использования в сравнении с другими серологическими маркерами белка эпидидимиса человека 4 (НЕ4) в качестве опухолеассоциированного маркера для уточняющей диагностики рака легкого (РЛ), прогноза эффективности лечения и мониторинга данной категории пациентов.
Материал и методы. Выполнен поиск и анализ доступных отечественных и англоязычных источников по базам данных РИНЦ и PubMed по ключевым словам «lung cancer (рак легкого)» и «HE4». В обзор включено 70 работ, опубликованных в период с 2006 по 2024 г.
Результаты. НЕ4 принимает участие в канцерогенезе и прогрессировании ряда гинекологических опухолей, однако его роль в развитии РЛ остается малоизученной, несмотря на его выраженную экспрессию в опухолевой ткани. Современные исследования демонстрируют, что НЕ4 по своим диагностическим характеристикам сравним или несколько превосходит другие маркеры, применяемые в диагностике РЛ (CYFRA21-1, РЭА, NSE, ProGRP и др.). В ряде работ отмечено, что сывороточный уровень НЕ4 может служить предиктором ответа на химиотерапию, продолжительности безрецидивного интервала при РЛ. Отдельные исследования свидетельствуют о целесообразности применения НЕ4 как маркера мониторинга больных РЛ для раннего выявления рецидива. Вместе с тем, показатели диагностической и прогностической значимости НЕ4 значительно варьируют в разных работах, что обусловлено разнородностью включенных групп обследуемых, различиями в используемых референсных значениях и методах оценки уровней этого маркера. Это не позволяет принять единый диагностический алгоритм использования НЕ4.
Заключение. Накопленные к настоящему времени данные свидетельствуют о возможности и целесообразности применения НЕ4 в качестве опухолеассоциированного маркера при РЛ. Однако целый ряд аспектов, важных для практического применения НЕ4 как опухолевого маркера, остаются неясными. Таким образом, внедрение этого маркера в клиническую практику требует проведения дальнейших систематизированных и углубленных исследований.

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