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Siberian journal of oncology

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No 3 (2013)
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CLINICAL STUDIES

5-13 466
Abstract
A surgical technique for the complete removal of the connective tissue content of the pelvis was introduced in 1993 to improve oncological outcome of the surgical treatment of operable cervical cancer by reducing the risk of recurrence from the pelvis. Our results suggest that complete excision of the connective tissue content of the pelvis provides equal or better survival chances without any adjuvant treatment for almost 90 % of operable stage IB cervical cancer patients than less radical surgery with or without adjuvant treatment.
14-19 528
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with nodular lesions of the thyroid before surgery. The study included 33 patients with benign lesions and 18 patients with histologically-verified thyroid cancer.
The diagnostic value of high-field MRI was analyzed and differential-diagnostic criteria of thyroid nodules were determined in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI,
20-24 474
Abstract
Results of treatment of 172 patients with locally advanced breast cancer (stage III) who received a radical course of radiotherapy as a component of comprehensive treatment are presents. In the study group A patients (n=66) received accelerated course radiotherapy (daily dose 3 Gy, given in 2 fraction 1,5 Gy with interval 5–6 hours). Total dose on the sternal and subclavian zone was 51 Gy (60 units TDF) and to the breast 60 Gy (70 units TDF). Patients of the control group (n=106) received the conventional radiotherapy (2 Gy, 5 times a week, total dose 60 Gy). Complete regression of tumors in the study group A was revealed in 25,7 % of cases, in the control group B only in 0,9 % of patients (p<0,001). Five-year overall survival with accelerated radiotherapy has increased on 18,7 % in comparison with conventional regimen (p <0,02).
25-28 542
Abstract
The temperament characteristics were studied in 86 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at the age of 3–16 years. Research was conducted using standardized and adapted to the Russian-speaking population of parental questionnaires for children of different age groups (Kolpakov V.G. et al., 1993). Statistically significant differences in temperament ALL patients from healthy children installed and feature of temperament, which is most often seen in children with conduct disorder are installed. The need for psychological and/or psychiatric counseling this category of patients is substantiated.

LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES

29-36 518
Abstract
The expression of motility-associated proteins in 18 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer was investigated. The study of actin-binding proteins (Arp3, gelsolin, cofilin-1 and thymosin-β4) and p45 Ser β-catenin revealed peculiarities of their expression with respect to clinicalmorphological parameters of ovarian cancer. Differences in cofilin expression with respect to histological type of the tumor were shown. The expression levels of Arp3, the most important protein of Arp2/3 actin-branching complex, and cofilin, which is able to break down actin filaments, were higher in  peritoneal metastases than in omental metastases. It was found that the level of p45 Ser β-catenin and the percentage of cells expressing gelsolin and thymosin-4 were associated with pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACH) and were significantly higher in patients with complete and partial responses as compared to those observed in patients with no response. The obtained results can be used for identification of new prognostic factors, metastasis markers and predictive marker of pathological response after NACT.
37-42 526
Abstract
The influence of polymorphic substitutions in antioxidant system genes (SNPsrs1050450 in the GPX1 gene, rs1695 and rs1138272 in the GSTP1gene and rs4880 in the MnSOD gene) on the risk of prostate cancer development in men living in the Siberian region of Russia was studied. The relationship between the studied genotypes and clinical parameters (disease stage and PSA level) was analyzed. For this purpose, the incidence of the studied allelic variants was compared between 399 with prostate cancer patients and 344 men with no history of prostate cancer. Genotyping was performed using real-time PCR. No statistically significant association with the risk of developing prostate cancer was found in the studied SNPs (p>0,05). For the GSTP1SNPrs1695, the correlation with disease stage was obtained: The GG genotype occurred more frequently in patients with stage III-IV prostate cancer (OR [C.I.]=2,66 [1,15–6,18], p=0,02). Both studied SNPs of the GSTP1 gene were associated with the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in blood: the GG rs1695 genotype and TT rs1138272 genotype were associated with higher PSA levels (p=1,5×10-3)
43-46 530
Abstract
Studies were conducted using ascetic HA-1 hepatomas and ascitic Ehrlich’s carcinoma cells. After passage of cells in mice, cell culture containing tumor-associated macrophages was studied. It was shown that the very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cortisol complex significantly inhibited proliferative activity of tumor cells. The obtained constant of cortisol binding to VLDL indicated that the protein component of lipoproteins participated in the complex formation. Tumor-associated macrophages were suggested to play an important role in the formation of this complex. It was found that inhibition of tumor cell growth was related to apoptosis.
47-51 440
Abstract
The features of expression of translocator protein (TSPO) and cytochrome P450scc (CYP 450scc) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were described in the article. The dependence of level expression of TSPO from stage and histological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma were established. The changing of expression level of CYP 450scc in tumor cells indicates a change of severity of steroidogenesis in different histological subtypes of RCC. These findings were important for interpretation the pathogenesis of RCC and also they could have prognostic value
52-56 581
Abstract
Immunobiological features of the dendritic cells (DC) were studied for the production of DC-vaccine (DCV) optimization. DC were differentiated in vitro in GM-CSF (previously studied concentration 72 ng/ml and IL-4 0–45 ng/ml containing medium. GM-CSF compounds by Pharmsynthez (Russia) and Cell Genix (Germany) and IL-4 by Cell Genix (Germany) were used. Comparative assays of mature and immature DC immunophenotype using different GM-CSF compounds was performed. CD1а, CD83, CD86, CD80, CCR7 и HLA DR are recommended optimal markers of DC for the standardization of technologic process. Flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry assays revealed no differences in mature DC markers expression (p>0,05). This indicates the expediency of Pharmsynthez (Russia) GM-CSF usage for DCV production. Optimal IL-4 concentrations (5–15 ng/ml) providing qualitative characteristics for DCV production were found using second level one-way polynomial model.
57-60 518
Abstract
Parameters of epitheliocytes in buccal mucosal smears of lung cancer patients were analyzed. The study results showed disturbances in the process of maturation and differentiation of the oral mucosal epithelium, significant structural and functional changes in buccal epitheliocytes, which were more pronounced after chemotherapy

ONCOLOGY PRACTICE

61-65 553
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the method of combined modality treatment of patients with metastases of melanoma without detectable primary tumor. Metastases of melanoma of unknown primary origin were diagnosed in 21 (6 %) of 346 patients. Of them, 16 patients had metastases in lymph nodes, 4 in soft tissues and 1 in bones. To choose the treatment method, the general health status of the patient, location of metastases and the extent of tumor involvement were considered. The combined modality treatment of patients with metastases of melanoma with unknown primary site had allowed 10 patients to survive more than 3 years with no evidence of disease progression. The complete response was achieved in 10 (47,6 %) patients, partial response in 8 (38,1 %) patients and disease progression in 3 (14,3 %) patients. The 5-year survival rate was 46,1 ± 12,0 % and the median follow-up time was 52,0 ± 11,2 months.
66-69 609
Abstract
Results of prostate cancer screening in 3 regions of the Republic of Belarus for 2011 were presented. A total of 13023 men were examined. Of them, 835 (6,4 %) patients had a PSA level above 4 ng/mL. Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy was done in 490 patients. Prostate cancer was revealed in 114 (23,3 %) patients. The percentage of patients with stage IV prostate cancer was decreased from 19 % to 7 % and the frequency of radical treatments was increased from 30 % to 70,3 % in the regions of screening

REVIEWS

70-74 760
Abstract
In spite of number of studies, including randomized, there is lack of consent on adjuvant radiotherapy for early-stage endometrial cancer. The literature and the results of own studies on combined treatment of this pathology are presented in this paper.
75-81 829
Abstract
The review describes the role of the modern mono-modal as well as multi-modal imaging modalities in the assessment of the extent of local invasion for bladder cancer.

CASE REPORTS

82-85 948
Abstract
Problems in diagnosis and treatment of small intestine cancer are related to the rarity of the disease as well as to the non-specificity of clinical signs and symptoms. This case report describes difficulties in diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the ileum

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ISSN 1814-4861 (Print)
ISSN 2312-3168 (Online)